metricas
covid
Buscar en
Enfermería Intensiva
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermería Intensiva Evaluación de la calidad de los cuidados en la UCI a través de un plan de aten...
Journal Information
Vol. 15. Issue 2.
Pages 76-85 (January 2004)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 15. Issue 2.
Pages 76-85 (January 2004)
Full text access
Evaluación de la calidad de los cuidados en la UCI a través de un plan de atención de enfermería informatizado
Evaluation of care quality in the ICU through a computerized nursing care plan
Visits
15839
R. Goñi Viguria1,1
Corresponding author
rgviguria@unav.es

Correspondencia: Rosana Goñi Viguria Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Clínica Universitaria Avda. Pio XII, 36. 31008 Pamplona. España
, M.P. García Santolaya1, M. Vázquez Calatayud1, M.A. Margall Coscojuela2, M.C. Asiaín Erro3
1 Enfermera. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Clínica Universitaria. Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona.
2 Supervisora. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Clínica Universitaria. Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona. Máster en Ciencias de Enfermería por la Universidad de Montreal. Montreal. Canadá.
3 Supervisora. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Clínica Universitaria. Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
This item has received
Article information
Resumen

Los sistemas informatizados que se están implantando para el registro del Plan de Atención de Enfermería pueden facilitar la realización de un seguimiento continuado de la calidad de los cuidados. Este estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo se ha realizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos polivalente, con los siguientes objetivos: a) describir la evaluación de la calidad de los cuidados, realizada a través del registro informatizado del Plan de Atención de Enfermería, y b) comparar esta evaluación con la realizada en el año 1998, cuando el Plan de Atención de Enfermería todavía no estaba informatizado.

En los 98 Planes de Atención de Enfermería informatizados revisados, correspondientes al mismo número de pacientes con una estancia media de 13,8 días, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: vía aérea artificial, 74 pacientes tuvieron un tubo endotraqueal (permanencia media de 5,4 días), 11 tuvieron cánula de traqueotomía (permanencia media de 45,7 días), no se produjo ningún incidente; vías venosas centrales, 91 pacientes fueron portadores de 163 catéteres (permanencia media de 9,9 días), se produjeron 3 retiradas por obstrucción, una salida accidental y 2 autorretiradas; catéter arterial, el número total de vías arteriales, correspondientes a 87 pacientes, fue de 101 (permanencia media de 6,7 días), se registraron 15 obstrucciones, 6 salidas accidentales y 4 autorretiradas; sonda vesical, 91 pacientes tuvieron colocada una sonda vesical (permanencia media de 12,9 días), no se produjo ningún incidente; sonda nasogástrica, 83 pacientes fueron portadores de 98 sondas, 63 tipo Salem y 35 para nutrición (permanencia media de 10,1 días), se registraron 5 retiradas por obstrucción, 3 salidas accidentales y 40 autorretiradas (23 en un mismo paciente); integridad de la piel, 9 pacientes desarrollaron úlceras por presión, 8 de grado II y 2 grado III (estancia media de 26,6 días). Ningún paciente presentó caída accidental.

Como conclusiones del estudio se destaca que los estándares prefijados para la evaluación de los cuidados se han conseguido en su mayoría y que la calidad de los cuidados se mantiene en relación con nuestro estudio del año 1998, permaneciendo dentro de un nivel considerado como bueno.

Palabras clave:
Garantía de calidad en cuidados de la salud
Indicadores de calidad
Calidad de cuidados de enfermería en cuidados intensivos
Informatización de los registros de pacientes
Summary

The computerized systems that are being implemented for the recording of the Nursing Care Plan may facilitate the performance of continuing follow-up of the care quality. This retrospective descriptive study has been performed in a polyvalent Intensive Care Unit with the following objectives: a) describe the evaluation of the care quality, performed through the computerized record of the Nursing Care Plan; and 2) compare this evaluation with that performed in 1998, when the Nursing Care Plan had not yet been computerized.

In the 98 revised computerized Nursing Care Plans, corresponding to the same number of patients with a mean stay of 13.8 days, the following results were obtained. Artificial airway. 74 patients had an endotracheal tube with a mean stay of 5.4 days, 11 patients had a cannula tracheotomy (time period of 45.7 days); no events occurred. Central venous lines: 91 patients were carriers of 163 catheters, the mean presence time was 9.9 days; three with withdrawn due to obstruction, there was one accident withdrawal and two were self-removed. Arterial catheter: the total number of arterial lines, corresponding to 87 patients, was 101 with a mean presence of 6.7 days; 15 obstructions, six accidental withdrawals and four self-removals were recorded. Bladder catheter: 91 patients had a bladder catheter (mean presence 12.9 days); no event occurred. Nasogastric tube: 83 patients were carriers of 98 tubes (63 Salem type and 35 for nutrition), with a mean presence of 10.1 days; five were withdrawn due to obstruction, three accidental withdrawals and 40 self-removed (23 in one patient). Skin integrity: nine patients developed bedsores, eight grade II and two grade III, the mean stay was 26.6 days. No patients had an accidental fall.

As study conclusions, it stands out that the preestablished standards for the evaluation of the care were achieved in most and the care quality is maintained in relationship with our 1998 study, remaining within a level considered as good.

Key words:
Quality assurance of health care
Quality indicators
Critical care nursing quality
Computerized patients records
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
J. Allan, J. Englebrigbt.
Patient-centered documentation.
J Nurs Adm, 30 (2000), pp. 90-95
[2.]
S.B. Henry.
Nursing informatics: state of the science.
J Adv Nurs, 22 (1995), pp. 1182-1192
[3.]
J.H. Larrabee, S. Boldreghini, K. Elder-Sorrells, Z.M. Turner, R.G. Wender, J.M. Hart.
Evaluation of documentation before and after implementation of a nursing information system in an acute care hospital.
Comput Nurs, 19 (2001), pp. 56-65
[4.]
S.D. Hobbs.
Measuring nurses’ computer competency: an analysis of published instruments.
Comput Inform Nurs, 20 (2002), pp. 63-73
[5.]
M.R. Ventura, M.H. Ackerman, B. Gugerty, R. Skomra, F.E. Crosby.
Selecting and using computer application software for quality assessment and improvement.
J Nurs Care Qual, 7 (1992), pp. 16-28
[6.]
A. Coenen, B. McNeil, S. Bakken, C. Bickford, J.J. Warren.
Toward comparable nursing data: american nurses association criteria for data sets, classification systems, and nomenclatures.
Comput Nurs, 19 (2001), pp. 240-246
[7.]
G.M. Keenan, J.R. Stocker, A.T. Geo-Thomas, N.R. Soparkar, V.H. Barkauskas, J.L. Lee.
The Hands project: studying and refining the automated collection of a cross-setting clinical data set.
Comput Inform Nurs, 20 (2002), pp. 89-100
[8.]
R.R. Levary.
Re-engineering hospital emergency rooms: an information system approach.
Int J Healt Care Qual Assur, 10 (1997), pp. 179-191
[9.]
K.A. Siroky, W.L. Fields.
Automated data entry and analysis for unit-based quality assurance programs.
J Nurs Care Qual, 7 (1992), pp. 35-43
[10.]
R.R. Stockard.
Using a database management system to manage quality assurance data.
J Nurs Care Qual, 7 (1992), pp. 29-34
[11.]
N. Staggers, C.B. Thompson, R. Snyder-Halpern.
History and trends in clinical information systems in the United States.
J Nurs Scholarsh, 33 (2001), pp. 75-81
[12.]
G.H. Metnitz, P. Laback, C. Popow, O. Laback, K. Lenz, M. Hiesmayr.
Computer assisted data analysis in intensive care: the ICDEV project-development of a scientific database system for intensive care.
Int J Clin Monit Comput, 12 (1995), pp. 147-159
[13.]
E.A. McConnell.
Make a caring connection.
Nurs Manage, 31 (2000), pp. 49-52
[14.]
S. McDermott.
Interfacing and linking nursing information systems to optimize patient care..
Nursing informatics: an international overview for nursing in a technological era, pp. 197-201
[15.]
E. Idvall, L. Rooke, E. Hamrin.
Quality indicators in clinical nursing: a review of the literature.
J Adv Nurs, 25 (1997), pp. 6-17
[16.]
E. Souther.
Implementation of the electronic medical record: the team approach.
Comput Nurs, 19 (2001), pp. 47-55
[17.]
R. Fleishman, A. Dynia.
Evaluating intervention programmes for quality assurance in hospitals.
Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 9 (1996), pp. 20-31
[18.]
S. Bond, L.H. Thomas.
Issues in measuring outcomes of nursing.
J Adv Nurs, 16 (1991), pp. 1492-1502
[19.]
M.P. García, P. López, C. Eseverri, C. Zazpe, M.C. Asiain.
Calidad de enfermería en cuidados intensivos. Estudio retrospectivo en pacientes de larga estancia.
Enferm Intensiva, 9 (1998), pp. 102-108
[20.]
M.I. Carrión, D. Ayuso, M. Marcos, M.P. Robles, M.A. De la Cal, I. Alia.
Accidental removal of endotracheal and nasogastric tubes and intravascular catheters.
Crit Care Med, 28 (2000), pp. 63-66
[21.]
J. Soldevilla Ágreda.
Úlceras por presión.
4ª ed, pp. 49-72
[22.]
C. Fife, G. Otto, E.G. Capsuto, K. Brandt, K. Lyssy, K. Murphy.
Incidence of pressure ulcers in a neurologic intensive care unit.
Crit Care Med, 29 (2001), pp. 283-290
[23.]
J.T. Weststrate, W.C. Hop, A.G. Aalbers, A.W. Vreeling, H.A. Bruining.
The clinical relevance of the Waterlow pressure sore risk scale in the ICU.
Intensive Care Med, 24 (1998), pp. 815-820
[24.]
F.N. Kapadia, K.B. Bajan, K.V. Raje.
Airway accidents in intubated intensive care unit patients: an epidemiological study.
Crit Care Med, 28 (2000), pp. 659-664
[25.]
A. De Lassence, C. Alberti, E. Azoulay, E. Le Miere, C. Cheval, F. Vincent.
Impact of unplanned extubation and reintubation after weaning on nosocomial pneumonia risk in the intensive care unit.
Anesthesiology, 97 (2002), pp. 148-156
[26.]
A.J. Betbesé, M. Pérez, E. Bak, G. Rialp, J. Mancebo.
A prospective study of unplanned endotracheal extubation in intensive care unit patients.
Crit Care Med, 26 (1998), pp. 1180-1186
[27.]
L. Lorente, J. Málaga, M.M. Martín, M.L. Mora.
Retirada accidental de catéteres.
Med Intensiva, 26 (2002), pp. 279-284
[28.]
M.S. Tullu, C.T. Deshmuckh, S.M. Baveja.
Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in catheter related nosocomial infections.
J Postgrad Med, 44 (1998), pp. 7-13
[29.]
M. Hannan, R.N. Juste, S. Umasanker, A. Glendenning, C. Nightingale, B. Azadian.
Antiseptic-bonded central venous catheters and bacterial colonisation.
Anaesthesia, 54 (1999), pp. 868-872
[30.]
M.B. Happ.
Treatment interference in acutely and critically ill adults.
Am J Crit Care, 7 (1998), pp. 224-235
[31.]
S.R. Eachempati, L.J. Hydo, P.S. Barie.
Factors influencing the development of decubitus ulcers in critically ill surgical patients.
Crit Care Med, 29 (2001), pp. 1678-1682
[32.]
B.P. Keller, J. Wille, B. Van Ramshorst, C. Van Werken.
Pressure ulcers in intensive care patients: a review of risks and prevention.
Intensive Care Med, 28 (2002), pp. 1379-1388
[33.]
J.T. Weststrate, H.A. Bruining.
Pressure sores in an intensive care unit and relates variables: a descriptive study.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs, 12 (1996), pp. 280-284
[34.]
M.T. Lowery.
A pressure sore risk calculator for Intensive care patients: the Sunderland experience.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs, 11 (1995), pp. 344-353
[35.]
M.A. Margall, L. Valentín, M.C. Asiain.
Eficacia de los cambios posturales en la prevención de úlceras de decúbito.
Enferm Clínica, 1 (1991), pp. 5-9
[36.]
N.A. Clough.
The cost of pressure area management in an intensive care unit.
J Wound Care, 3 (1994), pp. 33-35
[37.]
L.B. Bolton, D. Jones, C.E. Aydin, N. Donaldson, D.S. Brown, M. Lowe.
A response to California’s mandated nursing ratios.
J Nurs Scholarsh, 33 (2001), pp. 179-184
[38.]
M.R. Ventura, J. Rizzo, S. Lenz.
Quality indicators: control maintains propriety improves.
Nurs Manage, 24 (1993), pp. 46-50
Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L. y Sociedad Española de Enfermería Intensiva
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos