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Vol. 101. Issue 2.
Pages 39-44 (January 2004)
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Vol. 101. Issue 2.
Pages 39-44 (January 2004)
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Correlación ecográfica y quirúrgica en las rupturas de grosor completo del manguito rotador de hombro
Surgical and ultrasound correlation in full thickness tears ot the shoulder rotator cuff
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J. de la Fuente-Ortiz-de-Zárate, J. Kutz-Peyroncelli, J.L. Imizcoz-Barriola
Centro Quirúrgico y de Rehabilitación. Mutua de Accidentes de Trabajo Pakea. Donostia-San Sebastián
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Resumen

La ecografía se está estableciendo como método complementario de exploración en el diagnóstico de las lesiones de las partes blandas del hombro, especialmente del manguito rotador. En nuestro centro venimos utilizando dicha prueba complementaria de forma rutinaria en el estudio del hombro desde 1992, habiéndose realizado hasta la fecha más de 1.200 exploraciones ecográficas de hombro.

Hemos realizado un estudio prospectivo del grado de certeza de nuestras ecografías, en el diagnóstico de la ruptura de grosor completo del manguito rotador, comparando los resultados de la ecografía preoperatoria con el hallazgo quirúrgico en 153 hombros intervenidos por síndrome subacromial entre 1993 y 2001. Con la sonda utilizada hemos obtenido una sensibilidad de la ecografía en el diagnóstico de la ruptura de grosor completo del manguito del 97%, con una especifidad del 98%. Realizamos asimismo una análisis comparativo entre el tamaño y forma de la lesión en el estudio ecográfico preoperatorio y el real de la intervención quirúrgica. Pudimos aproximar de forma correcta el tamaño de la lesión –con una tolerancia de error de 5 mm en el 89% de los casos, mientras que la información ecográfica preoperatoria de la forma de la lesión no se correspondía con la real intraoperatoria en más del 50% de los casos.

En función de los resultados obtenidos, y dado su carácter no invasivo, rápido y de relativo bajo costo, creemos que la ecografía es una prueba complementaria esencial para la selección de pacientes en los que se sospecha un síndrome subacromial de hombro. Dicha prueba puede además aportar información válida sobre el tamaño y lugar de la lesión, a diferencia de la escasa información que aporta de la forma lesional.

Palabras clave:
Ruptura manguito rotador
ecografía
Summary

Echography is establishing itself as an additional exploratory method for diagnosing injuries to the soft parts ot the shoulder, especially the rotator cuff. At our hospital we have been using this additional test routinely in shoulder examinations since 1992, and have so far performed more than 1,200 echo-scan shoulder explorations. We have drawn up a prospective study of the success rate of our echographic scans in diagnosing the breakage of the full thickness of the rotator cuff, comparing the results of pre-operation echographic scans with actual findings in surgery on 153 shoulders operated on for subachromial syndrome between 1993 and 2001. With th probe we have obtained 97% sensitivity of echography in diagnosing breakage of the full thickness of the cuff, and 98% specificity. We have also performed a comparative analysis between teh size and shape of the injury as shown by the pre-op echography and the actual injury as found in surgery. We were able to approximate the size of the injury correctly (with an error tolerance of 5 mm) in 89% of cases. The information on the shape of the injury provided by the pre-op echographic scan was borne out by intra-operation findings in more than 50% of cases. In line with the results obtained, and given the non-invasive, rapid and relatively cheap nature of the method, we believe that echography is an essential additional selection test for patients possibly suffering from subachromial syndrome of the syndrome of the shoulder. The test can also provide information on the size and location of the injury, but gives little information on its shape.

Key words:
Breakage of rotator cuff
echography
Laburpena

Ekografia ezartzen ari da esplorazio metodo osagarri gisa sorbaldean zati bigunen lesioak diagnostikatzeko orduan, bereziki mahukatxo birakariaren lesioetan. Gure zentroan, 1992 urtetik aurrera erabili dugu errutinaz proba osagarri hori. Gaur arte sorbaldaren 1.200 esplorazio ekografiko egin dira.

Gure ekografien ziurtasun mailaren azterlan prospektiboa egin dugu, mahukatxo birakariaren loditasun osoaren haustura diagnostikatzeko orduan, ebakuntza aurreko emaitzak aurkikuntza kirurgikoarekin erkatuz, sindrome subakromialagatik ebakuntza egindako 153 sorbaldetan, 1993 eta 2001 artean. Erabilitako zundarekin mahukatxoaren loditasun osoaren hausturaren diagnostikoan %97ko ekografiaren sentikortasuna lortu dugu, %98ko espezifikotasunarekin. Era berean, lesioaren neurriaren eta formaren arteko azterketa konparatiboa egin genuen ebakuntza aurreko azterlan ekografikoan eta ebakuntza kirurgiko berean. Lesioaren neurria zehatz ezarri ahal izan genuen, 5 mm-ko errore tolerantziarekin kasuen %89an; ebakuntza barnekoan, berriz, eta bizkorra eta kostu apalekoa dela, uste dugu ekografia proba osagarri funtsezkoa dela ustez bizkarreko sindrome subakromiala duten gaixoen aukera egiteko orduan. Proba horrek gainera, lesioaren neurriaren eta tokiari buruzko baliozko informazioa ematen du, lesioak berez ematen duen informazio urriak ez bezala.

Hitz nagusiak:
Mahukatxoaren haustura
birakaria
ekografia
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