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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Clinical and endoscopic outcomes of patients with colonic Crohn's disease treate...
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Vol. 46. Issue 3.
Pages 164-170 (March 2023)
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Vol. 46. Issue 3.
Pages 164-170 (March 2023)
Original article
Clinical and endoscopic outcomes of patients with colonic Crohn's disease treated with 5-aminosalicylates as monotherapy
Resultados clínicos y endoscópicos de pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn colónica tratados con 5-aminosalicilatos como monoterapia
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Edgar Castillo-Regaladoa, Raquel Ríosb, Clàudia Aràjolc, Cristina Gelyd, Lucía Márqueze, Margalida Calafata,f, Carlos González-Muñozad, Fiorella Cañetea,f, Francisco Mesonerob, Jordi Guardiolac, Esther Garcia-Planellad, Míriam Mañosaa,f, Eugeni Domènecha,f,
Corresponding author
eugenidomenech@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
b Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
c Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
d Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
e Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
f Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Background

In spite of the lack of evidence regarding the clinical benefits of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) compounds in Crohn's disease (CD), these drugs are frequently used in daily clinical practice, particularly for colonic CD. Our aim is to assess the use and clinical outcomes of 5-ASA of those patients with colonic CD treated with 5-ASA as monotherapy.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with isolated colonic CD and treated with 5-ASA but never exposed to immunosuppressants or biologicals were identified from the local databases of five referral centres. A retrospective review of clinical and endoscopic outcomes was performed.

Results

Out of 545 patients with isolated colonic CD, 106 (19%) were treated with oral 5-ASA in monotherapy as maintenance therapy. The median follow-up was 144 months (interquartile range [IQR], 48–234). Almost all of the patients (92%) presented an inflammatory pattern and 11% developed perianal disease. Half of the patients had already received 5-ASA at diagnosis, and the median duration of 5-ASA treatment was 107 months (IQR 22.5–187). Endoscopic remission, as defined by the absence of ulcers at the last complete colonoscopy, was observed in 65% of those patients undergoing at least one colonoscopy during follow-up. Male gender and extraintestinal manifestations were associated with a lower likelihood of achieving endoscopic remission. Nine patients required colectomy, but mostly soon after CD diagnosis.

Conclusions

5-ASA seems to be of benefit in the long-term in one fifth of patients with colonic CD as the only maintenance therapy and should be considered in fragile patients with Crohn's colitis.

Keywords:
Crohn's disease
Colitis
Mesalazine
5-ASA
Inflammatory bowel disease
Endoscopy
Abbreviations:
CD
5-ASA
IBD
IQR
Resumen
Antecedentes

A pesar de la falta de evidencia sobre los beneficios clínicos de los 5-aminosalicíilatos (5-ASA) orales en la enfermedad de Crohn (EC), estos medicamentos se utilizan con frecuencia en la práctica clínica diaria, particularmente para la EC cólica. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar el uso y los resultados clínicos del 5-ASA en aquellos pacientes con EC cólica tratados con 5-ASA en monoterapia.

Métodos

Los pacientes diagnosticados con EC cólica aislada y tratados con 5-ASA pero nunca expuestos a inmunosupresores o agentes biológicos fueron identificados a partir de las bases de datos locales de 5 centros de referencia. Se realizó una revisión retrospectiva de los resultados clínicos y endoscópicos.

Resultados

De 545 pacientes con EC cólica aislada, 106 (19%) fueron tratados con 5-ASA oral en monoterapia como terapia de mantenimiento. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 144 meses (rango intercuartílico: 48-234). Casi todos los pacientes (92%) presentaban un patrón inflamatorio y un 11% desarrollaron enfermedad perianal. La mitad de los pacientes ya habían recibido 5-ASA en el momento del diagnóstico y la mediana de duración del tratamiento con 5-ASA fue de 107 meses (rango intercuartílico: 22,5-187). La remisión endoscópica, definida por la ausencia de úlceras en la última colonoscopia completa, se observó en el 65% de los pacientes a los que se les realizó al menos una colonoscopia durante el seguimiento. El género masculino y las manifestaciones extraintestinales se asociaron con una menor probabilidad de lograr la remisión endoscópica. Nueve pacientes requirieron colectomía, pero en su mayoría poco después del diagnóstico de EC.

Conclusiones

Los 5-ASA parecen ser beneficiosos a largo plazo en una quinta parte de los pacientes con EC cólica como única terapia de mantenimiento y deben considerarse en pacientes frágiles con EC con afectación exclusiva del colon.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Crohn
Colitis
Mesalazina
5-ASA
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Endoscopia

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