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Scientific letter
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for localised gastric amyloidosis mimicking malignancy
Disección submucosa endoscópica para la amiloidosis localizada gástrica que simula una malignidad
Tao Yanga, Jia-Wei Lua, Li-Hong Tenga, Jing-Jing Fengb, Jia-Guo Wua, Wei-Li Liua,
Corresponding author
3307006@zju.edu.cn

Corresponding author.
a Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
b Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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showed a 2&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm flat depressed lesion in the gastric somatic and antral junction &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1A</a>&#41;&#46; The lesion resembled early gastric cancer with interrupted mucosal folds&#44; spontaneous oozing on the surface and disappearance of partial border glandular structure&#46; Endoscopy ultrasound evaluation &#40;EUS&#41; revealed the lesion originated from the mucosal layer&#46; The first layer was thinned and the second layer was thickened with 1&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm in the thickest part &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1B</a>&#41;&#46; Narrow-band imaging with magnified endoscopy &#40;NBI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ME&#41; showed the margin of the lesion was well-defined&#46; The mucosal pit pattern was distorted&#44; dilated and partially sparse&#44; and the microvessels were obviously distorted&#44; expanded or partially disappeared &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1C</a>&#41;&#46; However&#44; histopathologic examination revealed an amorphous eosinophilic material deposition that extended from the lamina propria to the muscularis mucosae without malignant findings&#46; The amyloid proteins were identified by Congo red staining and apple-green birefringence under polarized microscopy &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1D</a>&#41;&#46; Immunohistochemical staining was positive for &#954; and &#955; chain&#46; Neither gastric fundus nor colorectal biopsy specimens showed amyloid deposition&#46; The serum and urine immunoelectrophoresis were normal and there were no signs of amyloidosis in the kidney&#44; heart and liver&#46; A diagnosis of gastric localized amyloidosis with &#954; and &#955; light chain co-expression was made&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Subsequently&#44; the ESD operation was performed with the guidance of NBI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ME and EUS &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1E</a>&#41;&#46; The postoperative specimens further confirmed amyloid deposition without malignant findings&#46; There were no complications associated with the ESD&#46; Three months and a year postoperatively&#44; EGD was repeated &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1F&#8211;H</a>&#41;&#46; Mucosal biopsies from the centre and edge of the scar showed no amyloid deposition&#46; The patient was curatively treated with symptom-free during the subsequent 12-month follow-up period&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Localized AL amyloidosis has a good prognosis&#44; but 1&#8211;2&#37; of patients exhibited systemic progression and 44&#37; had progression at the primary site&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> A recent study ever revealed more than half of the patients with localized laryngeal amyloidosis developed localized recurrence&#44; which required revision surgery in the first 4 years&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> 22&#37; of patients with GI localized amyloidosis may have localized progression&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> but it remains unclear whether localized progression affects disease prognosis&#46; Although there are no standardized guidelines for the treatment of localized AL amyloidosis in gastrointestinal tract&#44; the excision of the amyloid deposits and follow-up are the most common suggestions&#46; GI bleeding&#44; obstructive or abdominal pain may be a trigger for interventions in gastrointestinal deposits for symptomatic improvement&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In a retrospective study&#44; two symptomatic patients with GI localized amyloidosis were all relieved symptoms after the excision of lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Similarly&#44; our patient was troubled by the occasional abdominal pain&#44; which was gone after ESD&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our case showed a type IIc lesion in the stomach which resembled early gastric cancer&#46; Although the biopsy specimen showed the amyloid deposition&#44; it could not rule out the possibility of biopsy bias&#46; ESD has been widely accepted and used not only as a curative treatment for the early cancer in the gastrointestinal tracts but also as a diagnostic strategy for some confused cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Gastric carcinoma was excluded finally in this case and the patient achieved curative treatment with the help of ESD&#46; This case demonstrates that the thorough resection by ESD with guidance of NBI<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ME and EUS is probably a safe and successful therapeutic choice for gastric localized amyloidosis mimicking malignancy in a symptomatic patient&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; EGD showed the flat depressed lesion in the stomach&#46; &#40;B&#41; EUS revealed the first layer was thinned and the second layer was thickened&#46; &#40;C&#41; NBI&#43;ME showed the mucosal pit pattern and microvessels were obviously changed&#46; &#40;D&#41; Apple green birefringence of amyloid deposition under polarized light&#46; &#40;E&#41; Endoscopic submucosal dissection&#46; &#40;F&#44;G&#44;H&#41; EGD revealed a scar formation and NBI&#43;ME showed sparse glandular tube structure in 3 months and 1 years after surgery&#46;</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">EGD&#44; Esophagogastroduodenoscopy&#59; EUS&#44; Endoscopy ultrasound evaluation&#59; NBI&#43;ME&#44; Narrow-band imaging with magnified endoscopy&#46;</p>"
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