Article information
Resumen
El cáncer colorrectal es la neoplasia más frecuente en los países occidentales y la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer. A pesar de ello, es uno de los tumores que más puede beneficiarse de medidas preventivas, en especial del cribado. Para ello, se dispone de diversas estrategias coste-efectivas: detección de sangre oculta en heces anual o bienal, sigmoidoscopia flexible cada 5 años y colonoscopia cada 10 años. En el presente artículo se revisan las comunicaciones más relevantes presentadas en el congreso anual de la American Gastroenterological Association, celebrado en Chicago en mayo de 2011 en relación con el cribado del cáncer colorrectal.
Palabras clave:
Adenoma colorrectal
Cáncer colorrectal
Cribado
Prevención
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most frequent neoplasm in Western countries and the second leading cause of cancer death. However, this form of cancer may benefit from preventive measures, especially screening. Several cost-effective strategies are available: annual and biennial fecal occult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, and colonoscopy every 10 years. The present article reviews the most interesting communications on colorectal cancer screening presented at the last meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association held in Chicago in may 2011.
Keywords:
Colorectal adenoma
Colorectal cancer
Screening
Prevention
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
M.P. Curado, B. Edwards, H.R. Shin, et al.
Cancer incidence in five continents.
IARC Sci Publ, (2007),
[2.]
A. Castells, S. Castellvi-Bel, F. Balaguer.
Concepts in familial colorectal cancer: where do we stand and what is the future?.
Gastroenterology, 137 (2009), pp. 404-409
[3.]
A. Castells, M. Marzo-Castillejo, J. Mascort, et al.
Guía de práctica clínica en prevención del cáncer colorrectal.
Gastroenterol Hepatol, 717 (2009), pp. e1-e58
[4.]
P. Hewitson, P. Glasziou, L. Irwig, B. Towler, E. Watson.
Screening for colorectal cancer using the faecal occult blood test.
Hemoccult. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (2007),
[5.]
J.S. Mandel, T.R. Church, J.H. Bond, et al.
The effect of fecal occult-blood screening on the incidence of colorectal cancer.
N Engl J Med, 343 (2000), pp. 1603-1607
[6.]
L.G. Van Rossum, A.F. Van Rijn, R.J. Laheij, et al.
Random comparison of guaiac and immunochemical fecal occult blood tests for colorectal cancer in a screening population.
Gastroenterology, 135 (2008), pp. 82-90
[7.]
E.P. Whitlock, J.S. Lin, E. Liles, T.L. Beil, R. Fu.
Screening for colorectal cancer: a targeted, updated systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med, (2008), pp. 149
[8.]
L. Guittet, V. Bouvier, N. Mariotte, et al.
Comparison of a guaiac based and an immunochemical faecal occult blood test in screening for colorectal cancer in a general average risk population.
Gut, 56 (2007), pp. 210-214
[9.]
A.H. Van Roon, S.L. Goede, M. Van Ballegooijen, et al.
Attendance and diagnostic yield of repeated fecal immunochemical test screening with intervals of 1, 2, or 3 years: a comparative population- based colorectal cancer screening trial.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S405
[10.]
A.Z. Gimeno-García, M. Carrillo-Palau, M. Hernández-Guerra, et al.
Diagnostic yield of the immunochemical fecal occult blood test in asymptomatic first degree relatives of colorectal cancer patients.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S406
[11.]
W.S. Atkin, R. Edwards, I. Kralj-Hans, et al.
Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Lancet, 375 (2010), pp. 1624-1633
[12.]
N. Segnan, C. Senore, B. Andreoni, et al.
Baseline findings of the Italian multicenter randomized controlled trial of “once-only sigmoidoscopy”-SCORE.
J Natl Cancer Inst, 94 (2002), pp. 1763-1772
[13.]
J.L. Weissfeld, R.E. Schoen, P.F. Pinsky, et al.
Flexible sigmoidoscopy in the PLCO cancer screening trial: results from the baseline screening examination of a randomized trial.
J Natl Cancer Inst, 97 (2005), pp. 989-997
[14.]
N. Segnan, C. Senore, L.A. Bonelli, et al.
Once-only sigmoidoscopy screening for colorectal cancer: incidence and mortality follow-up of the Italian randomized controlled trial (SCORE).
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S15
[15.]
J.D. Lewis, K. Ng, K.E. Hung, et al.
Detection of proximal adenomatous polyps with screening sigmoidoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of screening colonoscopy.
Arch Intern Med, 163 (2003), pp. 413-420
[16.]
A.G. Zauber, T.R. Church, G. Mills, et al.
Detection of proximal adenomas by colonoscopy following flexible sigmoidoscopy depends on the colonoscopy referral algorithm: analysis of the UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Study Algorithm applied to the U.S. National Colonoscopy Study.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S16
[17.]
T.F. Imperiale, D.R. Wagner, C.Y. Lin, G.N. Larkin, J.D. Rogge, D.F. Ransohoff.
Risk of advanced proximal neoplasms in asymptomatic adults according to the distal colorectal findings.
N Engl J Med, 343 (2000), pp. 169-174
[18.]
J.C. Van Rijn, J.B. Reitsma, J. Stoker, P.M. Bossuyt, S.J. Van Deventer, E. Dekker.
Polyp miss rate determined by tandem colonoscopy: a systematic review.
Am J Gastroenterol, 101 (2006), pp. 343-350
[19.]
N.N. Baxter, M.A. Goldwasser, L.F. Paszat, R. Saskin, D.R. Urbach, L. Rabeneck.
Association of colonoscopy and death from colorectal cancer.
Ann Intern Med, 150 (2009), pp. 1-8
[20.]
T.J. Lee, C. Rees, R.G. Blanks, et al.
Patient and colonoscopy factors influencing adenoma detection in patients undergoing colonoscopy in the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S15
[21.]
N.N. Baxter, J. Warren, M.J. Barrett, T. Stukel, V.P. Doria-Rose.
The association between colonoscopy and colorectal cancer mortality in a U.S. cohort according to site of cancer and colonoscopist specialty.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S74-S75
[22.]
E. Rondagh, M.L. Bouwens, R.J. De Ridder, et al.
Differences in endoscopic appearance of proximal versus distal colorectal neoplasms may potentially explain the disparity in prevention of colorectal cancer.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S98
[23.]
J. Habbema, E.A. Moore, A.G. Zauber.
Until what age is colonoscopy indicated in elderly people without prior screening?.
Gastroenterology, 140 (2011), pp. S16
[24.]
P.J. Pickhardt, J.R. Choi, I. Hwang, et al.
Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults.
N Engl J Med, 349 (2003), pp. 2191-2200
[25.]
C.D. Johnson, M.H. Chen, A.Y. Toledano, et al.
Accuracy of CT colonography for detection of large adenomas and cancers.
N Engl J Med, 359 (2008), pp. 1207-1217
[26.]
D.H. Kim, P.J. Pickhardt, A.J. Taylor, et al.
CT colonography versus colonoscopy for the detection of advanced neoplasia.
N Engl J Med, 357 (2007), pp. 1403-1412
Copyright © 2011. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
