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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Evaluación de la susceptibilidad de Helicobacter pylori a la rifaximina
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Vol. 27. Issue 7.
Pages 393-396 (January 2004)
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Vol. 27. Issue 7.
Pages 393-396 (January 2004)
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Evaluación de la susceptibilidad de Helicobacter pylori a la rifaximina
Evaluation of helicobacter pylori susceptibility to rifaximin
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M. Quesadaa, I. Sanfeliub, F. Junquerac, F. Seguraa, X. Calvetc,
Corresponding author
xcalvet@cspt.es

Correspondencia: Dr. Xavier Calvet. Unitat de Malalties Digestives. Hospital de Sabadell. Institut Universitari Parc Taulí. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Parc Taulí, s/n. 08208 Sabadell. Barcelona. España
a Programa de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Corporació Parc Taulí. Sabadell. Barcelona. España
b Laboratorio de Microbiología. Corporació Parc Taulí. Sabadell. Barcelona. España
c Unidad de Enfermedades Digestivas. Corporació Parc Taulí. Sabadell. Barcelona. España
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Introducción

La infección por Helicobacter pylori afecta a más de la mitad de la población mundial y está asociada al desarrollo de la gastritis crónica, úlceras pépticas y adenocarcinoma gástrico. La rifaximina es un nuevo antibiótico no absorbible de amplio espectro del grupo de la rifamicina que alcanza altas concentraciones en el tracto gastrointestinal.

Objetivo

Determinar in vitro la susceptibilidad de H. pylori frente a la rifaximina.

Métodos

Se estudiaron 31 cepas de H. pylori por el método de dilución en agar. Como antibiótico control se utilizó la claritromicina. Como cepas control se utilizaron Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus pneumoniae. Las placas se leyeron a los 4 y a los 7 días de incubación. Se determinaron las CMI50 y las CMI90 para cada antibiótico. Se consideraron resistentes a la claritromicina las cepas con CMI > 1 μg/ml.

Resultados

Las CMI50 de la claritromicina a los 4 y 7 días fueron de 0,125 μg/ml y las CMI90 a los 4 y 7 días fueron de 8 y 16 μg/ml, respectivamente. Las CMI50 de la rifaximina a los 4 y 7 días fueron de 1 y 2 μg/ml, respectivamente, y las CMI90 a los 4 y 7 días fueron de 4 μg/ml. El 20% de las cepas de H. pylori fueron resistentes a la claritromicina. En estas cepas, el crecimiento de H. pylori fue inhibido a una concentración máxima de rifaximina de 4 μg/ml.

Conclusión

Estos resultados indican que la rifaximina puede ser útil en la erradicación de la infección. Este nuevo antibiótico podría tener una mayor actividad en las cepas resistentes a la claritromicina y así ser útil en las combinaciones con este fármaco o en el tratamiento de los fracasos.

Introduction

Helicobacter pylori infection affects more than half the world's population. It is a major cause of chronic gastritis and there is a strong association with peptic ulceration and gastric adenocarcinoma. Rifaximin is a new nonabsorbable broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that reaches high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract.

Aim

To evaluate the in vitro activity of rifaximin against H. pylori isolates.

Methods

Thirty-one H. pylori strains were analyzed by the agar dilution method. Clarithromycin was used as the control antibiotic. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were used as quality control strains. Plates were read at days 4 and 7 of incubation. The MIC50 and MIC90 of each antibiotic were calculated. Strains with a clarithromycin MIC of > 1 μg/ml were considered resistant.

Results

The MIC50 of clarithromycin at days 4 and 7 was 0.125 μg/ml and the MIC90 at days 4 and 7 ranged from 8 to 16 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC50 of rifaximin at days 4 and 7 ranged from 1 to 2 μg/ml, respectively, and the MIC90 was 4 μg/ml at both days 4 and 7. Twenty percent of H. pylori strains were resistant to clarithromycin. All clarithromycinresistant strains were inhibited at a maximal rifaximin concentration of 4 μg/ml.

Conclusion

These results indicate that this new antibiotic may be useful for eradication of H. pylori infection. Because rifaximin is active against H. pylori strains resistant to clarithromycin, it could be useful in combination with this drug or in the treatment of therapeutic failure.

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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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