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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Genotipo y expresión fenotípica de la hemocromatosis hereditaria en España
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Vol. 27. Issue 8.
Pages 437-443 (January 2004)
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Vol. 27. Issue 8.
Pages 437-443 (January 2004)
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Genotipo y expresión fenotípica de la hemocromatosis hereditaria en España
Genotype and phenotypic expression of hereditary hemochromatosis in spain
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6718
A. Pardoa,**
Corresponding author
equinter@doymanet.es

Correspondencia: Dr. A. Pardo. Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitario de Canarias. Ofra, s/n. 38320 La Laguna. Tenerife. España.
, E. Quinteroa, Y. Barriosa, M. Bruguerab, L. Rodrigoc, C. Vilad, D. Aceroe, C. Guarnerf, S. Pascualg, L. Lópezh, R. Morenoi, E. Fábregaj, R. Andradek, G. Peláezl, J. Santosm, M. Butin, M. Torresñ, por el Grupo de Hemocromatosis Hereditaria de la AEEH *
a Hospital Universitario de Canarias. La Laguna. Tenerife. España
b Hospital Clínic i Provincial. Barcelona. España
c Hospital Central de Asturias. Oviedo. España
d Hospital del Mar. Barcelona. España
e Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta. Girona. España
f Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Barcelona. España
g Hospital General Universitario. Alicante. España
h Hospital de San Agustín. Avilés. Oviedo. España
i Hospital de La Princesa. Madrid. España
j Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander. España
k Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Málaga. Málaga. España
l Hospital Torre Cárdenas. Almería. España
m Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol. Badalona. Barcelona. nHospital General Vall d'Hebron. Barcelona
n Hospital de l'Esperit Sant. Santa Coloma de Gramenet. Barcelona. España
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Introducción

La prevalencia de homocigosidad para C282Y en pacientes con hemocromatosis hereditaria (HH) originarios de algunos países de la cuenca mediterránea puede ser sustancialmente inferior a la observada en el norte de Europa. Los datos referidos a España son contradictorios y basados en series pequeñas de ámbito regional. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar la prevalencia de las 2 principales mutaciones del gen HFE en una serie de pacientes españoles con HH, no relacionados y de diferente procedencia geográfica.

Pacientes y mÉtodo

Los criterios para el diagnóstico de HH fueron: índice de saturación de transferrina superior al 45% en 2 determinaciones y homocigosidad para C282Y y/o índice de hierro hepático mayor de 1,9 de tejido hepático seco en pacientes no cirróticos o superior a 4,1 en presencia de cirrosis. Se excluyeron los casos detectados en familiares. Se evaluaron los datos demográficos, la expresión clínica, los parámetros del hierro y las mutaciones C282Y y H63D del gen HFE en un total de 222 pacientes.

Resultados

El 83,3% de los pacientes fueron homocigotos para C282Y y el 5% dobles heterocigotos (C282Y/H63D). No se observaron diferencias significativas en la expresión fenotípica ni en la frecuencia de homocigosidad para C282Y en los pacientes nacidos en el norte o en el sur de España.

Conclusión

El patrón genotípico y la expresión fenotípica de la HH en España son muy similares a los observados en el norte de Europa. Por tanto, la heterogeneidad genética descrita en algunas regiones del sur de Europa no puede considerarse una característica común a todos los países de la cuenca mediterránea.

Introduction

The prevalence of C282Y homozygosity in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) has been reported to be markedly lower in the Mediterranean Basin than in northern Europe. In Spain, the available data are contradictory and limited to small series in specific regions. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of the 2 main HFE gene mutations in a large series of unrelated Spanish patients with HH from different geographical origins.

Patients and Method

The criteria for HH diagnosis were: repeat serum transferrin saturation index (> 45% plus C282Y homozygosity and/or hepatic iron index (> 1.9 of dry liver weight in non-cirrhotic patients or (> 4.1 in patients with liver cirrhosis. Cases in related individuals were excluded. Demographic data, clinical expression, iron parametersand HFE gene mutations (C282Y and H63D) were assessed in 222 patients.

Results

A total of 83.3% of patients were C282Y homozygous and 5% were compound heterozygous (C282Y/H63D). No significant differences in phenotypic expression or in the frequency of C282Y homozygosity were observed between patients born in the North and South of Spain.

Conclusion

The genotypic and phenotypic expression of HH in Spain is very similar to that reported in Northern Europe. Thus, the genetic heterogeneity described in some Southern European regions cannot be considered a common feature to all countries of the Mediterranean Basin.

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Al final del artículo se ofrece el listado completo de los centros e investigadores participantes.

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