metricas
covid
Buscar en
Gastroenterología y Hepatología
Toda la web
Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Infecciones oportunistas en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal baj...
Journal Information
Vol. 26. Issue 1.
Pages 19-22 (January 2003)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 26. Issue 1.
Pages 19-22 (January 2003)
Full text access
Infecciones oportunistas en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal bajo tratamiento inmunosupresor
Opportunistic Infections In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Undergoing Immunosuppressive Therapy
Visits
11206
I. Bernal, E. Domènech, E. García-Planella, E. Cabré, M.A. Gassulla
Corresponding author
mgassull@ns.hugtip.scs.es

Correspondencia: Dr. M.A. Gassull. Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol. Carretera del Canyet, s/n. 08916 Badalona. Barcelona. España.
Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol. Badalona. Barcelona. España
This item has received
Article information
Resumen

Los fármacos inmunosupresores (azatioprina, metotrexato) se emplean cada vez con más frecuencia en el tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. El uso de inmunosupresores se asocia a un mayor riesgo de infecciones oportunistas, siendo las más frecuentes las causadas por citomegalovirus y virus de la varicela-zoster.

Presentamos 4 casos de infección oportunista por virus de la familia Herpesvirus en pacientes afectados de enfermedad de Crohn que recibían tratamiento inmunosupresor con azatioprina para el control de su enfermedad. Asimismo, se revisa la bibliografía existente al respecto.

Dos pacientes presentaron varicela cutánea complicada con neumonía y esofagitis, respectivamente, un paciente herpes zoster cutáneo y el restante una neumonía fatal posiblemente causada por Herpesvirus. En los tres primeros el curso evolutivo de la infección fue favorable tras suspenderse el tratamiento inmunosupresor e iniciarse tratamiento con aziclovir.

El tratamiento con azatioprina en pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn condiciona un mayor riesgo de infección oportunista por Herpesvirus. Sin embargo, y en ausencia de otros factores que incrementen el estado de inmunosupresión, ésta suele presentar una evolución benigna con tratamiento antiviral específico.

Immunosuppressive agents (azathioprine, methotrexate) are increasingly being used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The use of immunosuppressive agents is associated with a greater risk of opportunistic infections, the most frequent of which are those caused by cytomegalovirus and varicella zoster virus.

We present four cases of opportunistic infections due to Herpesviruses in patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment with azathioprine for Crohn's disease. We also review the literature published on this topic.

Two patients presented cutaneous varicella complicated by pneumonia and esophagitis respectively, one patient had cutaneous herpes zoster and the other had fatal pneumonia possibly caused by the Herpesvirus. In the first three the clinical course of the infection was favorable after withdrawing immunosuppressant treatment and initiating treatment with aziclovir.

In patients Crohn's disease azathioprine treatment increases the risk of opportunistic infection by Herpesvirus. However, in the absence of other factors that increase immunosuppression, these infections usually have a benign course with specific antiviral therapy.

Full text is only aviable in PDF
Biblografía
[1.]
M. Vergara, E. Brullet, R. Campo, X. Calvet, L. Blanch.
Infección fulminante por herpes varicela zoster en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn en tratamiento con azatioprina.
Gastroenterol Hepatol, 24 (2001), pp. 47
[2.]
J.K. Keene, D.K. Lowe, J.L. Grosfeld, J.F. Fitzgerald, F. Gonzales-Crussi.
Disseminated varicella complicating ulcerative colitis.
JAMA, 239 (1978), pp. 45-46
[3.]
D.E. Deutsch, A.D. Olson, C.J. Dickinson.
Overwhelming varicella pneumonia in a patient Crohn's disease with 6-mercaptopurine.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 20 (1995), pp. 351-353
[4.]
A. François-Dufresne, J. Garbino, B. Ricou, W. Wunderli.
ADRS caused by herpes simplex virus pneumoniae in a patient with Crohn's disease: a case report.
Intensive Care Med, 23 (1997), pp. 345-347
[5.]
A. Garrido Serrano, F. Pérez Martín, F.J. Guerrero Egea, J. Galbarro Muñoz, S. Palomo Gil.
Mononucleosis infecciosa mortal durante el tratamiento con azatioprina en la enfermedad de Crohn.
Gastroenterol Hepatol, 23 (2000), pp. 7-8
[6.]
E.F.M. Posthuma, R.G.J. Westendorp, A. van der Sluys Veer.
Fatal infectious mononucleosis: a severe complication in the treatment of Crohn's disease with azathioprine.
Gut, 36 (1995), pp. 311-313
[7.]
A.S. Fauci, K. Randall.
Immunoregulatory agents.
Textbook of Rheumatology. 4.a ed, pp. 797-821
[8.]
L.E. Losa García, M. Ramos Casals, J. Font Franco, J.M. Miró Meda.
Infecciones en pacientes con inmunosupresión farmacológica.
Medicine, 7 (1998), pp. 3844-3848
[9.]
A.E. Stuck, C.E. Minder, F.J. Fery.
Risk of infectious complications in patients taking glucocorticosteroids.
Rev Infect Dis, 11 (1989), pp. 677-690
[10.]
W.J. Sandborn.
A review of immune modified therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, cyclosporine, and methotrexate.
Am J Gastroenterol, 91 (1996), pp. 423-433
[11.]
A. Szilagy, M. Gerson, J. Mendelson, N.A. Yusuf.
Salmonella infections complicating inflammatory disease.
J Clin Gastroenterol, 7 (1957), pp. 251-255
[12.]
Y.M. Trnka, J.T. Lamont.
Association of Clostridium difficile toxin with symptomatic relapse of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
Gastroenterology, 80 (1981), pp. 693-696
[13.]
R. Vega, X. Bertrán, M. Menacho, E. Domènech, V. Moreno de Vega, M. Hombrados, et al.
Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Am J Gastroenterol, 94 (1999), pp. 1053-1056
[14.]
M.A. O'Slullivan, C.A. O'Morain.
Nutritional therapy in Crohn's disease.
Infl Bowel Dis, 4 (1998), pp. 45-53
[15.]
D.H. Present, S.J. Meltzer, M.P. Krumholz, A. Wolke, B.I. Korelitz.
6-mercaptopurine in the management of the inflammatory bowel disease: short and long-term toxicity.
Ann Intern Med, 111 (1989), pp. 641-649
[16.]
B.I. Korelitz, S.R. Fuller, J.I. Warman, M.D. Goldberg.
Shingles during the course of treatment with 6-mercaptopurine for inflammatory bowel disease.
Am J Gastroenterol, 94 (1999), pp. 424-426
[17.]
I.A. Mouzas, A.J. Greenstein, E. Giannadaki, S. Balasubramanian, O.N. Manousos, D.B. Sachar.
Management of varicella infection during the course of inflammatory bowel disease.
Am J Gastroenterol, 9 (1997), pp. 1534-1537
[18.]
J.K. Triantafillidis, P. Cherakakis, E. Papalouca, C.h. Barbatzas, V. Coovodis.
Severe infection by varicella virus in an adult with ulcerative colitis: favorable response to acyclovir treatment.
Hell J Gastroenterol, 8 (1995), pp. 71-73
[19.]
W.J. Sandborn, W.J. Tremaine, D.C. Wolf, S.R. Targan, C.A. Sninsky, L.R. Sutherland, et al.
Lack of effect of intravenous administration on time to respond to azathioprine for steroid-treated Crohn's disease. North American Azathioprine Study Group.
Gastroenterology, 117 (1999), pp. 527-535
[20.]
B.H. Stover, D.F. Bratcher.
Varicella-zoster virus: infection, control, and prevention.
Am J Infect Control, 26 (1998), pp. 369-384
[21.]
R. Snoeck, G. Andrei, E. De Clercq.
Current pharmacological aproaches to the therapy of varicella zoster virus infection. A guide to treatment.
Drugs, 57 (1999), pp. 187-206
Copyright © 2003. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos