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Vol. 27. Issue 5.
Pages 295-299 (January 2004)
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Vol. 27. Issue 5.
Pages 295-299 (January 2004)
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Proteinuria y microglobulina β2 urinaria, como marcadores de lesión tubular renal, en la valoración de la gravedad de la pancreatitis aguda
Proteinuria and Urinary Beta 2-Microglobulin as Markers of Tubular Malfunction in the Assessment of Severity of Acute Pancreatitis
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J.L. Frasqueta, J. Sáezb, C. Trigoa, J. Martínezb, M. Pérez-Mateob,
Corresponding author
perezmateo_mig@gva.es

Correspondencia: Dr. M. Pérez-Mateo. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Pintor Baeza, s/n. 03010 Alicante. España
a Laboratorio de Bioquímica. Servicio de Análisis Clínicos. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Alicante
b Unidad de Gastroenterología. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Alicante. España
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Introduccion

La proteinuria es un hallazgo común en la pancreatitis aguda (PA). El incremento de la excreción urinaria de proteínas podría deberse a una alteración en la función del túbulo renal proximal inducida por sustancias liberadas por el páncreas. El grado de disfunción tubular podría reflejar la gravedad de la PA.

Objetivos

Estudiar el perfil evolutivo y posible valor pronostico de la proteinuria y la microglobulina β2 urinaria como marcadores de lesión tubular renal, en pacientes con PA.

Pacientes Y Metodos

Se estudió retrospectivamente a pacientes con PA ≤ 24 h de evolucion desde el comienzo síntomas. Se recogieron muestras de orina el primer, segundo y tercer días de hospitalización. En un subgrupo de 25 pacientes las muestras de orina del primer día pudieron obtenerse dentro de las primeras 24 h de evolución desde el comienzo de los síntomas. La gravedad de la PA se clasificó según los criterios de Atlanta. Se determinaron la proteinuria y la microglobulina β2 y se ajustaron por la concentracion de creatinina urinaria.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 51 pacientes con PA (26 varones y 25 mujeres; edad: 59,6 ± 16,7 años). Quince casos fueron graves y 36 leves. La etiologia mas frecuente fue la biliar (60,1%). Las medianas y los intervalos intercuartílicos de la proteinuria obtenidos en los dias 1, 2 y 3 fueron de 180,5 (84,0-250,9), 164,3 (16,7-421,7) y 136,7 (24,0-371,29) mg/g de creatinina, respectivamente, y en el segundo dia mostraron diferencias significativas entre las pancreatitis graves y leves (339,7 [191,7- 471,8] frente a 120,1 [11,0-382,6]; p = 0,04). Las medianas de la microglobulina β2 fueron: 9,7 (1,1-93,3), 27,6 (4,7-421,4) y 88,3 (7,3-415,2) μg/mg de creatinina, respectivamente, sin que se hallaran diferencias significativas entre las pancreatitis leves y las graves. Al seleccionar al subgrupo de pacientes cuyas muestras se obtuvieron dentro de las 24 h desde el comienzo de los síntomas, ninguno de los 2 marcadores urinarios mejoró los resultados obtenidos para el total de pacientes global.

Conclusiones

La proteinuria es ligeramente superior en las PA graves y discrimina las formas graves de las leves en el segundo día de la evolución. La microglobulina β2 como marcador de alteracion tubular renal no es de utilidad como sistema pronóstico en los pacientes con PA de nuestro estudio.

Introduction

Proteinuria is a common finding in acute pancreatitis (AP). Increased urinary beta 2-microglobulin can be explained by renal tubular malfunction induced by substances released from the pancreas. The degree of renal tubular malfunction may reflect the severity of AP.

Aim

To assess proteinuria and urinary beta 2-microglobulin as prognostic factors in AP.

Patients And Methods

We retrospectively studied patients with AP with symptom onset within 24 hours before admission. Random urine specimens were obtained on days 1, 2 and 3 after admission. In a subgroup of 25 patients, urine samples could be obtained within 24 hours of symptom onset on day 1. The severity of AP was established using the Atlanta criteria. Proteinuria and beta 2-microglobulin were determined and were adjusted by urinary creatinine concentrations.

Results

We studied 51 patients with AP (26 men and 25 women; age: 59.6 (±16.7 years). Fifteen cases of AP were severe and 36 were mild. The most frequent etiology was gallstones (60.1%). Levels of proteinuria were (median and interquartile range) in mg/g creatinine: day 1: 180.5 (84.0- 250.9), day 2: 164.3 (16.7-421.7), and day 3: 136.7 (24.0- 371.29). Differences between severe and mild AP were significant on day 2 of admission: 339.7 (191.7-471.8) versus 120,1 (11.0-382.6); p = 0.04. Levels of urinary beta 2-microglobulin in AP on days 1 to 3 postadmission were: 9.7 (1.1- 93.3), 27.6 (4.7-421.4) and 88.3 (7.3-415.2) ìg/mg of creatinine, respectively. When urinary beta 2-microglobulin was compared between severe and mild AP, no significant differences were found among days 1, 2 and 3. Selection of only the subgroup of patients whose urine samples were obtained within 24 h of symptom onset, did not improve the results of these urine markers for the group as a whole.

Conclusions

1) Proteinuria was slightly increased in severe AP and was able to discriminate between mild and severe episodes on day 2 of admission. 2) Urinary beta 2-microglobulin as a tubular malfunction marker did not discriminate between mild and severe AP in patients in our study.

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Copyright © 2004. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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