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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Últimos avances en pancreatitis crónica
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Vol. 35. Issue S1.
Jornada de Actualización en Gastroenterología Aplicada
Pages 86-90 (September 2012)
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Vol. 35. Issue S1.
Jornada de Actualización en Gastroenterología Aplicada
Pages 86-90 (September 2012)
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Últimos avances en pancreatitis crónica
Latest advances in chronic pancreatitis
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J. Enrique Domínguez-Muñoz, Julio Iglesias-García
Corresponding author
julio.iglesias.garcia@sergas.es

Autor para correspondencia.
Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Fundación para la Investigación en Enfermedades del Aparato Digestivo (FIENAD), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España
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Resumen

Los avances más importantes presentados sobre la pancreatitis crónica (PC) se han centrado en la etiopatogenia, en aspectos nutricionales, en la mejoría en las técnicas diagnósticas y en algunas opciones de tratamiento. Sobre la etiopatogenia se ha confirmado la importancia del tabaco y su asociación con el alcohol. La insuficiencia pancreática exocrina (IPE) secundaria a la PC se asocia con alteraciones en el metabolismo óseo (osteopenia y osteoporosis), con una disminución de las vitaminas liposolubles y con una alteración en los valores de aminoácidos esenciales. La ultrasonografía endoscópica se ha confirmado como la técnica en mayor desarrollo para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad, sobre todo por las nuevas tecnologías de optimización de la imagen. Se continúa con el desarrollo de los tests de aliento para el diagnóstico de la IPE (optimización del test de triglicéridos marcados con 13C y desarrollo de un nuevo test basado en la determinación de bicarbonato marcado con 13C). En el tratamiento del dolor se han mostrado resultados modestos con el uso de antioxidantes, enzimas pancreáticas y/o de secretina intravenosa. Destacar la asociación de la PC con el cáncer de páncreas, que obliga a un seguimiento estricto, sobre todo de pacientes con masas inflamatorias en el contexto de la PC.

Palabras clave:
Pancreatitis crónica
Insuficiencia pancreática exocrina
Ultrasonografía endoscópica
Abstract

The most important advances in chronic pancreatitis concern its etiopathogenesis, nutritional aspects, and improvements in diagnostic techniques and some treatment options. In the etiopathogenesis of this disease, the importance of smoking and its association with alcohol have been confirmed. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) secondary to chronic pancreatitis is associated with bone metabolism alterations (osteopenia and osteoporosis), a reduction in liposoluble vitamins and alterations in essential amino acid levels. Endoscopic ultrasound has been confirmed as the most highly developed technique for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, especially due to new image optimization technologies. Breath tests for the diagnosis of EPI continue to be developed (optimization of the C-13 mixed triglyceride test and the development of a new test based on C-13-labelled bicarbonate determination). Modest results in pain treatment have been achieved with the use of antioxidants, pancreatic enzymes and/or intravenous secretin. The association of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic cancer requires strict follow-up, especially in patients with inflammatory masses in the context of chronic pancreatitis.

Keywords:
Chronic pancreatitis
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Endoscopic ultrasound
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Copyright © 2012. Elsevier España, S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
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