covid
Buscar en
Geofísica Internacional
Toda la web
Inicio Geofísica Internacional Morphology and magnetic survey of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary of Colima, Mex...
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Morphology and magnetic survey of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary of Colima, Mexico
Juan Ramón Peláez Gaviria, Carlos A. Mortera Gutiérrez, William L. Bandy
Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, 04510, México D.F., México
François Michaud
Géosciences Azur, La Darse, BP48, 06235, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
Read
5776
Times
was read the article
1089
Total PDF
4687
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S0016716913714636"
  "issn" => "00167169"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S0016-7169(13)71463-6"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-01-01"
  "aid" => "71463"
  "copyright" => "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2013"
  "documento" => "article"
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Geofisica Internacional. 2013;52:73-85"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2691
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 54
      "HTML" => 2151
      "PDF" => 486
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0016716913714648"
    "issn" => "00167169"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0016-7169(13)71464-8"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-01-01"
    "aid" => "71464"
    "copyright" => "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México"
    "documento" => "article"
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Geofisica Internacional. 2013;52:87-92"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 878
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 36
        "HTML" => 442
        "PDF" => 400
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "A possible case of Sporadic Aurora in 1843 from Mexico"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "87"
          "paginaFinal" => "92"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 844
              "Ancho" => 1410
              "Tamanyo" => 84505
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IDV index measured from 1835 until 1855&#46; Right axis indicates the estimated heliospheric magnetic field from IDV index&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:3 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Jos&#233; Manuel Vaquero"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Jos&#233; Manuel"
              "apellidos" => "Vaquero"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Mar&#237;a Cruz Gallego"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a Cruz"
              "apellidos" => "Gallego"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Fernando Dom&#237;nguez-Castro"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Fernando"
              "apellidos" => "Dom&#237;nguez-Castro"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0016716913714648?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/00167169/0000005200000001/v2_201505081355/S0016716913714648/v2_201505081355/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0016716913714624"
    "issn" => "00167169"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0016-7169(13)71462-4"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2013-01-01"
    "aid" => "71462"
    "copyright" => "Universidad Nacional Aut&#243;noma de M&#233;xico"
    "documento" => "article"
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Geofisica Internacional. 2013;52:59-72"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1570
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 47
        "HTML" => 1272
        "PDF" => 251
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Study of Seismic Clusters at Bah&#237;a de Banderas Region&#44; Mexico"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "59"
          "paginaFinal" => "72"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0030"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 6"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1551
              "Ancho" => 1951
              "Tamanyo" => 371413
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Wave forms &#40;P and S&#41; for Families 07 and 09 &#40;Two seconds windows&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Marta Rutz L&#243;pez, Francisco J&#46; N&#250;&#241;ez Corn&#250;, Carlos Su&#225;rez Plascencia"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Marta"
              "apellidos" => "Rutz L&#243;pez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Francisco J&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "N&#250;&#241;ez Corn&#250;"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos"
              "apellidos" => "Su&#225;rez Plascencia"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0016716913714624?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/00167169/0000005200000001/v2_201505081355/S0016716913714624/v2_201505081355/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:18 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Morphology and magnetic survey of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary of Colima&#44; Mexico"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "73"
        "paginaFinal" => "85"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:2 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "Juan Ram&#243;n Pel&#225;ez Gaviria, Carlos A&#46; Mortera Guti&#233;rrez, William L&#46; Bandy"
        "autores" => array:3 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Juan Ram&#243;n"
            "apellidos" => "Pel&#225;ez Gaviria"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Carlos A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Mortera Guti&#233;rrez"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "cmortera&#64;geofisica&#46;unam&#46;mx"
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "William L&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Bandy"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "Instituto de Geof&#237;sica&#44; Universidad Nacional Aut&#243;noma de M&#233;xico Ciudad Universitaria&#44; Delegaci&#243;n Coyoac&#225;n&#44; 04510&#44; M&#233;xico D&#46;F&#46;&#44; M&#233;xico"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "Fran&#231;ois Michaud"
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Fran&#231;ois"
            "apellidos" => "Michaud"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "G&#233;osciences Azur&#44; La Darse&#44; BP48&#44; 06235&#44; Villefranche-sur-Mer&#44; France"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 939
            "Ancho" => 1399
            "Tamanyo" => 169098
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Morphotectonic elements of the study area&#46; The abbreviations are&#58; PAC &#61; Pacific Plate&#59; NAM &#61; North American Plate&#59; COC &#61; Cocos Plate&#59; RIV &#61; Rivera Plate&#59; MR &#61; Mathematician Ridge&#59; MoT &#61; Moctezuma Trough&#59; EGG &#61; El Gordo Graben&#59; SCG &#61; Southern Colima Graben&#59; JB &#61; Jalisco Block&#59; TT &#61; Tamayo Transform&#59; RT &#61; Rivera Transform&#59; PRT &#61; Paleo Rivera Transform&#59; MSS &#61; Moctezuma Spreading Segment&#59; EPR-PRS &#61; East Pacific Rise Pacific-Rivera Segment&#59; EPR-PCS &#61; East Pacific Rise Pacific-Cocos Segment&#59; MAT &#61; Middle American Trench&#46; Modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">DeMets and Traylen</span> &#40;2000&#41;</a>&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025"><a name="p74"></a>Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The collision of the East Pacific Rise &#40;EPR&#41; with the western margin of the North American Plate has been recorded along the continental margin of North America from Alaska to Mexico &#40;e&#46;g&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Atwater&#44; 1989</a>&#41;&#46; The most recent collision appears off Manzanillo&#44; Mexico &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#44; in the area located between the northern end of the Pacific-Cocos segment of the East Pacific Rise &#40;EPR-PCS&#41; and the Middle America Trench &#40;MAT&#41; where there exists two closely spaced triple junctions formed between the Rivera&#44; Pacific&#44; Cocos and North American plates &#40;e&#46;g&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Atwater&#44; 1970</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Molnar&#44; 1973</a>&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; this site should be ideal for studying the processes associated with the approach and collision of a seafloor spreading center with a subduction zone&#46; Unfortunately&#44; the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary the Rivera Transform and the remnant paleo-Rivera Transform are also located near the collision zone and significantly complicate the morphologic elements associated with this collision &#40;e&#46;g&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The complexity of the seafloor morphology and seafloor magnetic lineations in this area in conjunction with&#44; for the most part&#44; poorly navigated magnetic data and sparse multibeam coverage&#44; has led to several proposals as to the plate configuration and tectonic history of this area &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Mammerickx and Carmichael&#44; 1989</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065">Bourgois and Michaud&#44; 1991</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">DeMets and Wilson&#44; 1997</a>&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; to better define the morphology and tectonic history of this area&#44; total field marine magnetic data were collected during two campaigns&#44; MARTIC04 in 2004 and MARTIC05 in 2006&#44; aboard the B&#47;O EL PUMA and combined with multibeam data collected during the 2002 BART&#47;FAMEX campaigns of the NO L&#8217;Atalante&#46; Some of the bathymetric data of the BART&#47; FAMEX campaigns conducted in this area have been previously published &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2005</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">2008</a>&#41;&#59; however&#44; the majority of the data in the area located between the MAT and the EPR-PCS remained unpublished&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Previous Work</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several proposals exist concerning the evolution of the northernmost segment of the EPR-PCS&#44; particularly regarding its relation to the southern limit of the Rivera plate&#46; Discriminating between these proposals has proved difficult due to the highly complex tectonics of the zone and to the poor spatial coverage of the magnetic and multibeam bathymetric data&#46; Many previous studies have used the seafloor morphology and the seafloor spreading magnetic lineation data to try to resolve the kinematics and deformational history of this area&#46; Some of these studies were of a regional focus &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a name="p75"></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Mammerickx and Klitgord&#44; 1982</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Klitgord and Mammerickx&#44; 1982</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">Atwater&#44; 1989</a>&#41;&#59; whereas others were focused more directly on various aspects of the kinematics of the Rivera Plate &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Eissler and McNally&#44; 1984</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">DeMets and Stein&#44; 1990</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">Bandy and Pardo&#44; 1994</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">DeMets and Wilson&#44; 1997</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1997</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1998</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100">DeMets and Traylen&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125">Jaramillo and Su&#225;rez&#44; 2011</a>&#41; or on the complexities of the various boundaries of the Rivera Plate &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Bourgois <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1988</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Bandy et <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">al</span>&#46;&#44; 1995</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055">2005</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">2008</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">Kostoglodov and Bandy&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220">Pardo and Su&#225;rez&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1997</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">2000</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">2001</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Bandy and Hilde&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">Serrato-D&#237;az et <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">al</span>&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46; Although all of these studies have made significant contributions to understanding the tectonics of the Rivera plate&#44; they have yet to provide a clear understanding of either the recent evolution of the northernmost segment of the EPR-PCS&#44; or the nature of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Mammerickx and Klitgord &#91;1982&#93;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Klitgord and Mammerickx &#91;1982&#93;</a> showed that the magnetic lineations of the EPR formed since 5 Ma document a relocation of seafloor spreading from the Mathematician Ridge to the present location of the EPR as the EPR propagated northward from the Orozco Facture Zone to the area of the Rivera Transform&#46; They proposed that the propagation ceased at about 3&#46;5 Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2A</a>&#41; and that the northward extent of the propagation was at the Rivera Transform&#46; In contrast&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a> &#40;see also <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Bandy and Hilde&#44; 2000</a>&#41; proposed that the EPR-PCS propagated north of the Rivera Transform&#44; reaching its northern limit near the MAT at ~1&#46;77Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2B</a>&#41;&#46; They also proposed that at 1&#46;5 Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figures 2C</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">2D</a>&#41;&#44; the part of this spreading center located north of the Rivera Transform was abandoned&#47;decapitated by the formation of the Rivera Transform&#44; a proposal that is consistent with the subsequent findings of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale &#40;1995&#41;</a>&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2001&#41;</a> proposed that the EPR-PCS may have extended even further northward than that proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a> and that the ridge segment north of the Rivera Transform has since been subducted beneath the Jalisco Block &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2C</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The nature of the boundary between the Rivera and Cocos plates&#44; as well as the relative motion across the boundary&#44; is also controversial and various proposals have been presented&#46; These proposals can be classified into three main groups&#46; The first group proposes that the boundary is a generally NE-SW oriented sinistral transform boundary&#44; the exact orientation and location being somewhat different in the various proposals &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005">Atwater&#44; 1970</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205">Molnar&#44; 1973</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225">Reid&#44; 1976</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210">Nixon&#44; 1982</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115">Eissler and McNally&#44; 1984</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175">Mammerickx and Carmichael&#44; 1989</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110">DeMets and Stein&#44; 1990</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale&#44; 1995</a>&#41;&#46; A variant on this proposal is that of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105">DeMets and Wilson &#40;1997&#41;</a> who proposed that the boundary is a difuse zone of left lateral&#44; NNE-SSW oriented shearing&#46; The second group &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">Kostoglodov and Bandy&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Bandy et <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">al</span>&#46;&#44; 1995</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1998</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Bandy and Hilde&#44; 2000</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">Serrato-D&#237;az et <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">al</span>&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#41; proposes that El Gordo Graben is the tip of a rift between the Rivera and Cocos plates and that this rift is currently propagating SW towards the EPR&#44; resulting in a situation that is analogous<a name="p76"></a> to the present day Galapogos triple junction &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">Lonsdale&#44; 1988</a>&#41;&#46; The divergence between the Rivera and Cocos plates is proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a> to be the result of the ridge-trench collision off the southern tip of Baja California at about 8 Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155">Lonsdale&#44; 1991</a>&#41; and subsequent pivoting of the Rivera plate away from the rest of the Cocos Plate&#44; a proposal that is consistent with the results of recent seismic studies &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250">Yang&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145">Le&#243;n Soto <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#41;&#46; The third group proposes that it is a diffuse boundary between the Cocos and North American plates &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185">Michaud and Bourgois&#44; 1995</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1997</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Data and Methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Two primary data sets were used in this study&#46; The first consists of the previously unpublished total field magnetic data obtained during the MARTIC04 &#40;October 28-November 9&#44; 2004&#41; and MARTIC05 &#40;January 10-31&#44; 2006&#41; campaigns of the B&#47;O EL PUMA&#46; The ship tracks along which the magnetic data was collected are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a>&#46; The second data set consists of the multibeam data collected in the study area during the BART&#47;FAMEX campaigns of the NO L&#8217;Atalante conducted in 2002&#58; these data are previously unpublished except near the Moctezuma Spreading Center &#40;MSS&#41; where they have been published in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2008&#41;</a>&#46; These data were supplemented with data from the following sources&#58; Ridge Project database&#44; United States National Geophysical Data Center &#40;NGDC&#41;&#44; USGS and Harvard earthquake databases&#46; The ages of the lithosphere in the study area were determined from the seafloor marine magnetic lineations&#44; constrained by one recent radiometric age determination of one seafloor sample dredged during MARTIC04 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Canet <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2008</a>&#41;&#46; The details of this age determination are given in Schaaf <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;manuscript in preparation&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Total field marine magnetic data were collected using a GEOMETRICS G877 marine proton precession magnetometer which has a resolution of 0&#46;1 nT &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120">Geometrics&#44; Inc&#46;&#44; 2001</a>&#41;&#46; To avoid ship effects&#44; the sensor was towed 250 meters behind the B&#47;O EL PUMA&#44; which has a length of 50 meters&#46; A measurement was taken every 2 seconds&#46; The locations of the measurements have been corrected for layback as the data were being recorded using the GEOMETRICS MAGLOG light program&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To correct for the diurnal variation during MARTIC-04&#44; a permanent base station was installed &#40;19&#176; 7&#8242; 20&#46;68&#8243; N y 104&#176; 23&#8242; 59&#46;36&#8243; W&#41; within the &#8216;EI Naranjo&#8217; campus of the Universidad del Mar de Colima&#44; Manzanillo&#44; Colima&#46; Readings were taken with the Sintrex Envimag proton precession magnetometer at 5 min intervals&#46; A magnetic storm began on November 7 and<a name="p77"></a> data collected during the storm were not used&#46; The base station magnetometer was down on November 1 and November 2&#46; For these two days&#44; the magnetic record from the permanent observatory at Teoloyucan&#44; M&#233;xico was used to make the diurnal corrections&#44; after having been shifted to fit the Colima data&#46; More information on the treatment of the base station data can be found in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215">Pel&#225;ez Gaviria &#40;2008&#41;</a>&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To correct for the diurnal variation during MARTIC-05&#44; a permanent base station was set up in the UNAM Biological Reserve&#44; Chamela&#44; Jalisco &#40;19&#176; 29&#8242;56&#46;1&#8243;N y 105&#176; 02&#8242;32&#46;1&#8243;W&#41;&#46; Readings were taken at 1 minute intervals using a GEOMETRICS G856AX proton precession magnetometer&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The selection criteria for both base stations were that the stations were located &#40;1&#41; in an area having a low magnetic gradient &#40;&#60;4&#46;5 nT&#47;m&#41;&#44; &#40;2&#41; less than 150 km from the study area&#44; &#40;3&#41; more than 60 meters from buildings&#44; roads&#44; power lines&#44; or any other objects that might generate magnetic noise &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075">Breiner&#44; 1973</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After removing the diurnal variation the data were next corrected for ship&#8217;s heading following the methods presented by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085">Bullard and Mason &#40;1961&#41;</a>&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240">Whitmarsh and Jones &#40;1969&#41;</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Buchanan <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;1996&#41;</a>&#46; Next&#44; these values were reduced to magnetic anomaly values by subtracting out the value of the main field using the IAGA IGRF-10 Model which was obtained from the United States National Geophysical Data Center&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The multi-beam bathymetric data of the 2002 BART&#47;FAMEX campaigns were collected with a dual SIMRAD EM-12 multi-beam system and the raw data was processed using the CARAIBES software while onboard by IFREMER technicians to produce a 200 x 200 meter grid of bathymetric values&#46; These values were combined with existing multibeam data to produce a new bathymetry map &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Results</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The new map of the seafloor magnetic anomaly lineations &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figure 5</a>&#41; indicates that in the southern part of the study area&#44; the recent magnetic anomalies are for the most part continuous and undisrupted south of 17&#46;6&#176;N&#44; consistent with the seafloor morphology &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41;&#46; North of 17&#46;6&#176;N&#44; in the area immediately west of the EPR-PCS&#44; the older lineations are unidentifiable as they have been disrupted both by the recent southward propagation of the MSS and the recent northward propagation of the northern tip of the EPR-PCS&#46; The lineations are also unidentifiable in the area located between the active tip of the EPR-PCS and the Paleo-Rivera Transform&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">East of the EPR-PCS two abandoned ridge segments are identified &#40;segments P1 and P2&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Figure 5</a>&#41;&#46; The magnetic lineations indicate that seafloor spreading along ridge segment P1 ceased just after the time of anomaly 1R as Anomaly J is observed to both sides of P1&#46; This is slightly older than that proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Bandy et <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">al</span>&#46; &#40;2008&#41;</a> who proposed that P1 was abandoned at 0&#46;7 Ma based on the anomaly pattern along the MSS&#46; The time of abandonment of P2 is not determinable from the magnetic data&#46; However&#44; P2 is most likely associated with a southward cessation of spreading along the EPR-PCS and therefore&#44; seafloor spreading along P2 most likely ceased within the past 0&#46;78 m&#46;y</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Between P1 and the MAT&#44; anomalies <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">3<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span></span> to 1R are observed within the study area&#46; Anomalies <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">3<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span></span> to 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> terminate at the southern boundary of the El Gordo Graben&#44; whereas anomalies1R and J extend undisrupted northward to the latitude of the paleo-Rivera Transform&#46; Anomaly 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> and Anomaly 2 also appear to extend northward to 18&#46;5&#176;N&#46; However&#44; in contrast to anomalies 1R and J&#44; anomalies 2 and 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> are disrupted&#44; particularly in the area just west of the El Gordo Graben at 18&#46;0&#176;N where both anomalies exhibit a significant decrease in their magnitudes&#46; On the north flank of this area of decreased magnitude&#44; Anomaly 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> may be deflected westward &#40;i&#46;e&#46; the crust appears to be rotated clockwise&#41;&#46; On the south flank of this area of decreased magnitude&#44; Anomaly 2 also appears to bend slightly westward&#46; This pattern of disruption is consistent with the proposal of <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a> that the El Gordo Graben is the tip of a SW propagating rift situated between the Rivera and Cocos plates&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Also to the east of the EPR&#44; Anomaly 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> exhibits a prominent westward deflection at 18&#46;4&#176;N where it approaches a prominent&#44; ENE-WSW elongated&#44; magnetic high &#40;henceforth is termed the &#8220;Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament&#8221;&#41;&#46; This westward bend suggests that the area of the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament may be located within a generally east-west trending sinistral shear couple&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Consistent with previous studies &#40;e&#46;g&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale&#44; 1995</a>&#41;&#44; the older magnetic lineations located north of the Rivera Transform&#44; lineations 4A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> to 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; are deflected westward as they approach the Rivera Transform&#44; in good agreement with the bathymetric data &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41;&#46; In contrast&#44; the new data shows that none of the lineations located east of 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> are deflected westward&#59; instead they exhibit a slight eastward deflection as they approach the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament&#46; This is also observed in the bathymetric data where a difference in the seafloor morphology is observed to either side of 105&#46;8&#176;W north of the Rivera Fracture Zone&#47;<a name="p78"></a> paleo-Rivera Transform &#40;terminology from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2008&#41;</a>&#41;&#46; The broad positive anomaly located just east of Anomaly 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> has been tentatively identified as Anomaly 2 by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a>&#46; This anomaly terminates against the west end of the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament&#41; and it intersects the MAT off Chamela&#44; Jalisco &#40;at 19&#46;3&#176;N&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament consists of two ENE-WSW segments which are offset in a right-stepping manner in the trench&#46; This lineament is aligned with the Manzanillo graben &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1993</a>&#41; and its projection is towards the port of Manzanillo&#46; It is tempting to associate this lineament with a transform boundary between the Rivera and Cocos plates&#44; however the lineament does not coincide with any bathymetric feature typically associated with a major transform plate boundary &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figures 4</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">6</a>&#41;&#46; Further&#44; the right-stepping offset of the two segments of the lineament indicates that if it were a transform&#44; the sense of motion would be dextral&#46; This is in contrast to the sinistral sense of motion indicated by the deflection of Anomaly 2 across the lineament as noted above&#46; Hence&#44; the origin of this lineament is uncertain&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0030"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The bathymetry in this area can be divided into several morphotectonic zones &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figure 6</a>&#41;&#46; Several of these zones have been described in previous studies&#46; These include&#58; &#40;1&#41; zones A which are clearly formed in relation to the propagation of the EPR-PCS and MSS &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170">Mammerickx&#44;1984</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#59; and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">etal</span>&#46;&#44; 2008</a>&#41;&#59; &#40;2&#41; zones F &#40;west of the Moctezuma Trough and east of the Michoacan trough&#41; are the old crust created at the Mathematician Ridge through which the EPR propagated &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Mammerickx and Klitgord&#44; 1982</a>&#59;<a name="p79"></a><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135">Klitgord and Mammerickx&#44; 1982</a>&#41;&#59; and &#40;3&#41; Zone B is the old crust formed at the Rivera Rise which is bent westward as it approaches the Rivera Transform&#46; This bending has been proposed to be due to shearing during the initial formation of the Rivera Transform &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150">Lonsdale&#44; 1995</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several previously undiscribed morphotectonic zones can be seen in the new bathymetric map&#46; The first of these&#44; Zone C&#44; confirms that the EPR-PCS has indeed propagated north of the paleo-Rivera transform as proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a>&#46; The western limit of this zone is clearly marked by a change in seafloor fabric as well as by a prominent escarpment &#40;the tectonic pseudofault of the propagator&#41; that is down-dropped to the east &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41;&#46; The seafloor spreading fabric within zone C trends NNW-SSE and unlike the seafloor fabric in zone B to the west&#44; the seafloor fabric does not bend westward as it approaches the paleo-Rivera Transform&#46; This spreading fabric is cut by two short&#44; parallel&#44; NNE-SSW striking faults near the MAT at 19&#176;N &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Figure 4</a>&#41;&#46; The eastern tectonic pseudofault of Zone C is not entirely clear&#44; but may correspond to the NNW-SSE bathymetric ridge located between -105&#46;2&#176; and -105&#46;4&#176;&#46; The age of the seafloor within zone C on its western side &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Figure 3</a> for location&#41; has been dated as 1&#46;4 &#177; 0&#46;7 Ma and 1&#46;3 &#177; 0&#46;3 Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230">Schaaf <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2009</a>&#41;&#44; consistent with the proposal that the broad&#44; anomaly located east of anomaly 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> may indeed be Anomaly 2&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The new bathymetric data also indicates that the MAT in this area can be subdivided into three morphologic zones &#40;D1&#44; D2 and E on <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figure 6</a>&#41;&#46; A prominent east-west oriented&#44; down-to-the-north escarpment &#40;for reasons ex-plained in the next section&#44; this escarpment is called the Paleo-Transformada de Colima or the PCoT&#41; separates zone D1 to the north from zone D2&#46; North of the PCoT the flat trench floor widens<a name="p80"></a> abruptly&#46; Zone E is the El Gordo Graben area &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">Bourgois <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1988</a>&#41; which is a zone of high heat flow &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">Khutorskoy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1994</a>&#41; and thinned oceanic crust &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235">Serrato-Diaz <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2004</a>&#41;&#46; Zone D-2 is a previously unrecognized zone containing seamounts&#44; fault scarps &#40;the most prominent of which is herein referred to as the Manzanillo Escarpment&#41; oriented perpendicular to the strike of the trench and small bathymetric ridges that rise above the sediment cover&#46; Zones D-1 are the typical trench morphotectonic domains&#46; The morphologic complexities of zones D-2 and E are most likely associated with deformation within the Rivera-Cocos Plate Boundary&#46; It is also important to note that zone D-2 contains the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineation&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The part of Zone G located just west and NW of the El Gordo Graben&#44; was first identified near the trench by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2000&#41;</a>&#46; The seafloor in this zone is oriented clockwise of that exhibited by the crust formed at the EPR-PCS&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2000&#41;</a> propose that this difference in reorientation may reflect older crust formed along the EPR-PCS prior to 1&#46;5 Ma&#46; Alternatively&#44; it may in reflect the disruption of young crust formed at the EPR-PCS due to the SW propagation of the El Gordo Graben towards the EPR &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#41;&#44; or more generally&#44; to disruption related to the development of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Tectonic history of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The results of this study in conjunction with the results of prior studies indicate that the complex morphology in the boundary between the Rivera and Cocos plates is the result of the effects of &#40;1&#41; the northward propagation of the EPR-PCS through the older&#44; pre-existing seafloor formed at the Rivera Rise and its eventual collision with the MAT off Chamela&#44; &#40;2&#41; the subsequent decapitation of the EPR-PCS during the initial formation of the Rivera Transform&#44; &#40;3&#41; deformation associated with the formation of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#44; and &#40;4&#41; reorganizations of both the location and directions of propagation &#40;i&#46;e&#46; several episodes of self-decapitation &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165">Macdonald <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 1988</a>&#41; or cyclic rift failure &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245">Wilson&#44; 1990</a>&#41; and the formation of the MSS&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The new revision of the magnetic anomalies&#44; the new age date and the new multibeam bathymetric data confirm the presence of a relict spreading center that propagated past the latitude of the El Gordo Graben terminating at the MAT &#40;~19&#46;2&#176;N&#41; at ~1&#46;7Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0035">Figure 7</a>&#41;&#46; At this time the<a name="p81"></a> PCoT may have formed in a manner proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2000&#41;</a>&#46; Specifically&#44; prior to the southward cessation of spreading&#44; the PCoT may have formed as a transform linking the tip of the EPR-PCS with the MAT&#46; If so&#44; the presence of the PCoT implies that a segment of the EPR has been subducted below the Jalisco margin north of Chamela &#40;see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2b</a>&#41;&#46; Shortly after 1&#46;7Ma&#44; the spreading center was abandoned perhaps as a gradual southward progressing cessation of spreading&#44; or as an abrupt decapitation due to the formation of the Rivera Transform at 1&#46;5 Ma&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0035"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Between 1&#46;5 and 0&#46;7 Ma the EPR-PCS stabilized at the present-day relict spreading center P1 and the Rivera Transform-EPR eastern junction was located at the northern tip of P1&#46; It is very tempting to propose that the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament was a transform boundary between the Rivera and Cocos plates during this time&#46; However this is unclear as the western extent of this lineament lies to the north of the junction of the paleo-Rivera Transform with P1 and the morphology associated with this lineament is not convincingly that of a major plate boundary transform&#46; Alternatively&#44; since 1&#46;5 Ma the area east of the decapitated EPR tip&#44; west of the MAT&#44; south of the PCoT and north of the inferred East Clarion Fracture Zone &#40;E-CFZ&#41;&#44; appears to have been broken into small crustal blocks that have been rotated and uplifted&#58; the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineation&#44; and its associated Manzanillo Escarpment&#44; may be a result of this deformation&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At about 0&#46;7 Ma the plate boundary again became unstable and the EPR-PCS once again began to retreat southward undergoing at least two episodes of self-decapitation which resulted in relict rift P1 and the present day rift tip which has recently been propagating northward and may be decapitated in the future&#46; In conjunction with this new period of southward cessation of spreading along the EPR-PCS&#44; the MSS has propagated southward since its inception at 0&#46;7 Ma &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy&#44; 1992</a>&#59; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060">Bandy <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46;&#44; 2008</a>&#41; which has led to the present-day morphology illustrated in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Figure 6</a>&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Clearly&#44; the present-day morphotectonic elements are not those typically observed for major transform plate boundaries&#44; and as a result the nature of the boundary remains unclear&#46; The deformation of the bathymetry and magnetic li-neations west of the El Gordo Graben are clearly consistent with a SW propagating zone of extension between the Rivera and Cocos plates as proposed by <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">Bandy &#40;1992&#41;</a>&#46; However&#44; this alone would not explain the strike slip focal mechanism solutions<a name="p82"></a> for events occurring in this region &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0040">Figure 8</a>&#41;&#46; Alternatively&#44; the most prominent deviation in the magnetic lineations occurs north of the El Gordo graben&#44; at the Manzanillo Magnetic lineament&#46; However&#44; the orientation of this lineament is not consistent with the orientation of the nodal planes of the focal mechanisms of earthquakes occurring in this area&#59; this magnetic lineation does not poses a transform morphology&#59; and it does not cut across morphotectonic zone C &#40;i&#46;e&#46; it does not connect with either the MSS or with the EPR-PCS&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; it does not appear to be the present day boundary&#46; Given the magnetic and morphologic signature of this area&#44; the present day Rivera-Cocos boundary&#44; if it exists&#44; appears to be a broad zone of deformation&#44; extending from the El Gordo Graben&#44; at which it appears to be extensional&#44; to 19&#176;N where is appears to be subjected to either N-S or E-W oriented shear stresses&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0040"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The principle conclusions of this study are&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;1&#41;</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The development of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary is influenced by the evolution of the EPR-PCS and its close proximity to the MAT as well as by the formation of the Rivera Transform&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;2&#41;</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A prominent high amplitude&#44; en echelon&#44; magnetic anomaly oriented roughly perpendicular to the MAT is observed between 18&#46;4&#176;N and 18&#46;8&#176;N&#46; This anomaly &#40;the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament&#41; consists of two&#44; right-stepping&#44; en-echelon segments and is aligned with the Manzanillo Trough formed within the continental slope and shelf area of the overriding North American plate&#46; Anomaly <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span>A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> bends sharply westward as it approaches this lineament from the south indicated that it marks a crustal discontinuity&#46;<a name="p83"></a></p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;3&#41;</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The origin of the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament is uncertain&#46; It connects with neither the MSS nor the active EPR-PCS&#44; thus&#44; it does not appear to be an active plate boundary&#46; The lineament coincides with the Manzanillo Escarpment&#58; however&#44; this morphologic feature is not typical of a transform plate boundary&#46; Thus&#44; it does not appear to be an older&#44; presently inactive plate boundary&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;4&#41;</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The anomalies on the Rivera plate north of the Manzanillo Magnetic Lineation exhibit a slight eastward bend as they approach this lineation&#44; in sharp contrast to lineations of the Rivera plate to the west &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; Anomalies 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; 5N<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#44; 4Ar&#44; etc&#46;&#41; which bend sharply westward as they approach the Rivera Transform&#47;Paleo-Rivera Transform&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;5&#41;</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The EPR-PCS propagated northward&#44; past the present day location of the Rivera Transform&#44; intersecting the MAT at about 1&#46;7 Ma&#46; The present day location of the ridge trench intersection is off Chamela&#44; Jalisco at 19&#46;2&#176;N&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;6&#41;</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At 1&#46;5 Ma&#44; spreading ceased north of the present day location of the Rivera Transform&#44; perhaps being decapitated by the formation of the Rivera Transform&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;7&#41;</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since 1&#46;5 Ma the EPR-PCS has undergone an overall southward cessation of spreading&#44; during which short pulses of northward ridge propagation and subsequent abandonment occurred&#44; leaving behind several relict rift tips&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#40;8&#41;</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The morphotectonic elements of the boundary zone do not clearly define the nature of the plate boundary&#44; however these elements in conjunction with earthquake focal mechanisms of events occurring in the boundary zone suggest that the boundary is a broad zone where N-S extension is occurring in the southern part of this zone&#44; whereas the northern part of the zone is dominated by shear stresses&#46;</p></li></ul></p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:12 [
        0 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres497988"
          "titulo" => "Resumen"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0005"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec519534"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
        ]
        2 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres497987"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0010"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec519535"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
        ]
        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Previous Work"
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Data and Methods"
        ]
        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0020"
          "titulo" => "Results"
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0025"
          "titulo" => "Tectonic history of the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary"
        ]
        9 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0030"
          "titulo" => "Conclusions"
        ]
        10 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack161011"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        ]
        11 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Bibliography"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2012-05-04"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2012-10-30"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec519534"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "anomal&#237;as magn&#233;ticas marinas"
            1 => "tect&#243;nicas de placas"
            2 => "Dorsal &#8216;East Pacific Rise&#8217;"
            3 => "trinchera Mesoamericana"
            4 => "reconstrucciones de las placas"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec519535"
          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "marine magnetic anomalies"
            1 => "plate tectonics"
            2 => "East Pacific Rise"
            3 => "Middle America Trench"
            4 => "Mexico"
            5 => "plate reconstructions"
            6 => "Rivera-Cocos plate boundary"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La propagaci&#243;n del segmento Pac&#237;fico-Cocos de la dorsal East Pacific Rise &#40;EPR-PCS&#41; ha alterado significativamente la configuraci&#243;n de la placa en el extremo norte de la Trinchera Mesoamericana&#46; Esta propagaci&#243;n de la dorsal&#44; la colisi&#243;n del segmento EPR-PCS con la trinchera Mesoamericana&#44; la separaci&#243;n de las placas Rivera y Cocos&#44; y la formaci&#243;n de la Transformada de Rivera han ocasionado un ensamble complejo de elementos morfo-tect&#243;nicos en el &#225;rea del l&#237;mite entre placas Rivera-Cocos&#44; contrastante a lo t&#237;pico de un l&#237;mite transformante entre placas&#46; Los datos marinos existentes de magnetismo y batimetr&#237;a han sido inadecuados para resolver esta complejidad&#44; por lo que una malla densa de datos del campo magn&#233;tico total fue colectada durante las campa&#241;as oceanogr&#225;ficas MARTIC-04 y MARTIC-05 del buque oceanografico B&#47;O El PUMA en 2004 y 2006&#46; Estos datos han clarificado considerablemente el patr&#243;n de las lineaciones magn&#233;ticas contiguas a la Trinchera Mesoamericana&#44; e interesantemente un alto magn&#233;tico en forma de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">en echelon</span>&#44; o-rientado NE-SW observandolo alejado del Graben de Manzanillo&#44; hacia mar&#46; Desafortunadamente&#44; la naturaleza exacta del l&#237;mite entre Rivera-Cocos permanece imprecisa&#46; Pero estos datos muestran que el segmento de la dorsal EPR-PCS alcanza la latitud &#40;~18&#46;3&#176;N&#41; de la actual Transformada de Rivera en la is&#243;crona magn&#233;tica 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">3</span> &#40;~3&#46;5Ma&#41; y se propaga m&#225;s hacia el norte&#44; interceptando la Trinchera Mesoamericana aproximadamente en 1&#46;7 Ma &#40;Chron 2&#41;&#46; En 1&#46;5 Ma&#44; el esparcimiento oce&#225;nico ces&#243; a lo largo de la dorsal EPR&#44; al norte de 18&#46;3&#176;N&#44; y la dorsal EPR-PCS desde entonces ha retrocedido hacia el sur en asociaci&#243;n con la propagaci&#243;n hacia el sur del centro de esparcimiento Moctezuma Spreading Segment &#40;MSS&#41;&#46; Al norte de 18&#46;3&#176;N&#44; el piso oce&#225;nico cercano a la trinchera se ha fracturado en menores bloques que presentan levantamientos&#44; posiblemente debido a la subducci&#243;n de la litosfera reci&#233;n formada por el EPR-PCS&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The propagation of the Pacific-Cocos Segment of the East Pacific Rise &#40;EPR-PCS&#41; has significantly altered the plate configuration at the north end of the Middle America Trench&#46; This ridge propagation&#44; the collision of the EPR-PCS with the Middle America Trench&#44; the separation of the Rivera and Cocos plates and the formation of the Rivera Transform have produced a complex arrangement of morphotectonic elements in the area of Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#44; atypical of an oceanic transform boundary&#46; Existing marine magnetic and bathymetric data has proved inadequate to unravel this complexity&#44; thus&#44; a dense grid of total field magnetic data were collected during campaigns MARTIC-04 and MARTIC-05 of the B&#47;O EL PUMA in 2004 and 2006&#46; These data have greatly clarified the magnetic lineation pattern adjacent to the Middle America trench&#44; and have revealed an interesting <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">en echelon</span>&#44; NE-SW oriented magnetic high offshore of the Manzanillo Graben&#46; We interpret these new data to indicate that the EPR-PCS ridge segment reached the latitude &#40;~18&#46;3&#176;N&#41; of the present day Rivera Transform at about Chron 2A<span class="elsevierStyleInf">3</span> &#40;~3&#46;5Ma&#41; and propagated further northward&#44; intersecting the Middle America Trench at about 1&#46;7 Ma &#40;Chron 2&#41;&#46; At 1&#46;5 Ma spreading ceased along the EPR north of 18&#46;3&#176;N and the EPR-PCS has since retreated southward in association with a southward propagation of the Moctezuma Spreading Segment&#46; North of 18&#46;3&#176;N the seafloor near the trench has been broken into small&#44; uplifted blocks&#44; perhaps due to the subduction of the young lithosphere generated by the EPR-PCS&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:8 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 939
            "Ancho" => 1399
            "Tamanyo" => 169098
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Morphotectonic elements of the study area&#46; The abbreviations are&#58; PAC &#61; Pacific Plate&#59; NAM &#61; North American Plate&#59; COC &#61; Cocos Plate&#59; RIV &#61; Rivera Plate&#59; MR &#61; Mathematician Ridge&#59; MoT &#61; Moctezuma Trough&#59; EGG &#61; El Gordo Graben&#59; SCG &#61; Southern Colima Graben&#59; JB &#61; Jalisco Block&#59; TT &#61; Tamayo Transform&#59; RT &#61; Rivera Transform&#59; PRT &#61; Paleo Rivera Transform&#59; MSS &#61; Moctezuma Spreading Segment&#59; EPR-PRS &#61; East Pacific Rise Pacific-Rivera Segment&#59; EPR-PCS &#61; East Pacific Rise Pacific-Cocos Segment&#59; MAT &#61; Middle American Trench&#46; Modified from <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">DeMets and Traylen</span> &#40;2000&#41;</a>&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 840
            "Ancho" => 1946
            "Tamanyo" => 198122
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Previous models for the evolution of the area between the EPR&#44; RT and MAT off Manzanillo&#46; A&#41; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180">Mammerickx and Klitgord &#40;1982&#41;</a> for the periods 6&#46;5 Ma and the present day&#46; &#40;B&#41; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">Bandy and Hilde &#40;2000&#41;</a> for 1&#46;7 Ma and 0&#46;95 Ma&#46; &#40;C&#41; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200">Michaud <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">et al</span>&#46; &#40;2001&#41;</a> for the periods 2 Ma and the present day&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1277
            "Ancho" => 1317
            "Tamanyo" => 494322
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Map of the ship tracks along which the magnetic data was collected&#46; The tracks of MARTIC04 are shown in blue and those of MARTIC05 are shown in green&#46; Dredge sites are shown in red &#40;samples obtained and age dated&#41; and yellow &#40;no sample obtained&#41;&#46; Background bathymetry map from GeoMapApp &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0005" href="http://www.geomapapp.org">www&#46;geomapapp&#46;org</span>&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1532
            "Ancho" => 1541
            "Tamanyo" => 721751
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Principle morphotectonic elements superimposed on bathymetry&#46; The bathymetry map was constructed using the available multibeam&#44; including previously unpublished data from the 2002 FAMEX&#47;BART campaigns&#46; Abreviations are&#58; RFZ &#61; Rivera Fracture Zone&#59; MH &#61; Manzanillo horst&#59; MSS-PSF-0 &#61; Outer Pseudo-Fault associated with the propagation of the Moctezuma Spreading Segment&#59; MSS-PSF-I &#61; Inner Pseudo-Fault associated with the propagation of the Moctezuma Spreading Segment&#59; P1 y P2&#58; relict spreading segments of the EPR&#46; Other abbreviations are those used in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0025"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1519
            "Ancho" => 1547
            "Tamanyo" => 493732
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Magnetic anomaly map&#46; The principle morphotectonic elements are superimposed to aid in the interpretation&#46; Number on the lineations are the lineation identifications&#46; MML &#61; Manzanillo Magnetic Lineament&#46; See <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figures 1</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">4</a> for definitions of the other abbreviations&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0030"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 6"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1244
            "Ancho" => 1312
            "Tamanyo" => 202230
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Magnetic anomaly lineations superimposed on a schematic representation of the different morphotectonic zones in the study area&#46; See text for details&#46; PCoT &#61; Paleo-Colima Transform&#44; OSS &#61; Overlapping Spreading System&#44; MSc &#61; Manzanillo Escarpment&#44; Morphologic zone H is the Continental Shelf&#46; See <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figures 1</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">4</a> for definitions of the other abbreviations&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      6 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0035"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 7"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr7.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1304
            "Ancho" => 1307
            "Tamanyo" => 239025
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Schematic representations of the tectonic evolution from 3 Ma to 1&#46;0 Ma&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      7 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0040"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 8"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr8.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1520
            "Ancho" => 1540
            "Tamanyo" => 687360
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Earthquake Centroid Moment Tensor solutions &#40;as of July 2007&#41; superimposed on the new bathymetry map&#46; Note the strike slip mechanisms within the area just seaward of the MAT&#46; Focal mechanism solutions obtained from the USGS &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0010" href="http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/sopar/">http&#58;&#47;&#47;neic&#46;usgs&#46;gov&#47;neis&#47;sopar&#47;</span>&#41; and the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095">Centroid Moment Tensor Catalogue &#40;2007&#41;</a> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0015" href="http://www.globalcmt.org/CMTsearch.html">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;globalcmt&#46;org&#47;CMTsearch&#46;html</span>&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliography"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:50 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "Atwater&#44; 1970"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Implications of plate tectonics for the Cenozoic tectonic evolution for western North America"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Atwater T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "GSA Bull"
                        "fecha" => "1970"
                        "volumen" => "81"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3513"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3536"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "Atwater&#44; 1989"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Plate tectonic history of the northeast Pacific and western North America"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Atwater T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:5 [
                        "titulo" => "The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii&#58; Geology of North America"
                        "paginaInicial" => "21"
                        "paginaFinal" => "72"
                        "serieVolumen" => "N"
                        "serieFecha" => "1989"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy&#44; 1992"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:5 [
                        "titulo" => "Geological and Geophysical Investigation of the Rivera-Cocos Plate Boundary&#58; Implications for Plate Fragmentation"
                        "fecha" => "1992"
                        "paginaInicial" => "195"
                        "editorial" => "Ph&#46;D&#46; Dissertation&#44; Texas A&#38;M University"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "College Station&#44; Texas"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy and Pardo&#44; 1994"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Statistical examination of the existence and relative motion of the Jalisco and Southern Mexico Blocks"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;"
                            1 => "Pardo M&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Tectonics"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "numero" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "755"
                        "paginaFinal" => "768"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy and Hilde&#44; 2000"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Morphology and recent history of the ridge propagator system located at 18&#176;N&#44; 106&#176;W"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Hilde T&#46;W&#46;C&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Cenozoic Tectonics and Volcanism of Mexico"
                        "paginaInicial" => "29"
                        "paginaFinal" => "40"
                        "serieFecha" => "2000"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 1993"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Gravity Field of the southern Colima graben&#44; Mexico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;A&#46;"
                            2 => "Urrutia-Fucugauchi J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geof&#237;sica Internacional"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "561"
                        "paginaFinal" => "567"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The subducted Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#58; Where is it&#44; what is it&#44; and what is its relationship to the Colima rift&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;"
                            2 => "Urrutia-Fucugauchi J&#46;"
                            3 => "Hilde T&#46;W&#46;C&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; Res&#46; Lett&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3075"
                        "paginaFinal" => "3078"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 1997"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Implications of the October 1995 Colima-Jalisco Mexico earthquake on the Rivera-North America Euler vector"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Kostoglodov V&#46;"
                            2 => "Singh S&#46;K&#46;"
                            3 => "Pardo M&#46;"
                            4 => "Pacheco J&#46;"
                            5 => "Urrutia-Fucugauchi J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; Res&#46; Lett&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "485"
                        "paginaFinal" => "488"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 1998"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Southwest migration of the Instantaneous Rivera-Pacific Euler pole Since 0&#46;78 Ma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Kostoglodov V&#46;"
                            2 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;A&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geof&#237;sica Internacional"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "37"
                        "paginaInicial" => "153"
                        "paginaFinal" => "169"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 2000"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The Rivera-Cocos plate boundary&#58; Implications for Rivera-Cocos relative motion and plate fragmentation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Hilde T&#46;W&#46;C&#46;"
                            2 => "Yan C&#46;-Y&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Cenozoic Tectonics and Volcanism of Mexico"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "28"
                        "serieFecha" => "2000"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 2005"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Subsidence and strike-slip tectonism of the upper continental slope off Manzanillo&#44; Mexico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:17 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            2 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                            3 => "Calmus T&#46;"
                            4 => "Dyment J&#46;"
                            5 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;A&#46;"
                            6 => "Ortega-Ram&#237;rez J&#46;"
                            7 => "Pontoise B&#46;"
                            8 => "Royer J&#46;-Y&#46;"
                            9 => "Sichler B&#46;"
                            10 => "Sosson M&#46;"
                            11 => "Rebolledo-Vieyra M&#46;"
                            12 => "Bigot-Cormier F&#46;"
                            13 => "D&#237;az-Molina O&#46;"
                            14 => "Hurtado-Artunduaga A&#46;D&#46;"
                            15 => "Pardo-Castro G&#46;"
                            16 => "Trouillard-Perrot C&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Tectonophysics"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "398"
                        "numero" => "3-4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "115"
                        "paginaFinal" => "140"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0060"
              "etiqueta" => "Bandy et al&#46;&#44; 2008"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Multibeam bathymetry and sidescan imaging of the Rivera transform-Moctezuma spreading segment junction&#44; northern East Pacific rise&#58; New constraints on Rivera-Pacific relative plate motion"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:11 [
                            0 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            1 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            2 => "Dyment J&#46;"
                            3 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;A&#46;"
                            4 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                            5 => "Calmus T&#46;"
                            6 => "Sosson M&#46;"
                            7 => "Ortega-Ramirez J&#46;"
                            8 => "Royer J&#46;-Y&#46;"
                            9 => "Pontoise B&#46;"
                            10 => "Sichler B&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Tectonophysics"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "454"
                        "numero" => "1-4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "70"
                        "paginaFinal" => "85"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0065"
              "etiqueta" => "Bourgois and Michaud&#44; 1991"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Active fragmentation of the North American Plate at the Mexican triple junction area off Manzanillo"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                            1 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geo-Marine Lett&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "59"
                        "paginaFinal" => "65"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0070"
              "etiqueta" => "Bourgois et al&#46;&#44; 1988"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Active fragmentation of the North American plate&#58; offshore boundary of the Jalisco block off Manzanillo"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:12 [
                            0 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                            1 => "Renard V&#46;"
                            2 => "Aubouin J&#46;"
                            3 => "Bandy W&#46;"
                            4 => "Barrier E&#46;"
                            5 => "Calmus T&#46;"
                            6 => "Carfantan J&#46;-C&#46;"
                            7 => "Guerrero J&#46;"
                            8 => "Mammerickx J&#46;"
                            9 => "Mercier de Lepinay B&#46;"
                            10 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            11 => "Sosson M&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "C&#46;R&#46; Acad&#46; Sci&#46; Paris"
                        "fecha" => "1988"
                        "volumen" => "2&#44; 307"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1121"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1130"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11803819"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0075"
              "etiqueta" => "Breiner&#44; 1973"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Breiner S&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Applications manual for portable magnetometers"
                        "fecha" => "1973"
                        "editorial" => "Geometrics"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "San Jose&#44; California&#44; USA"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0080"
              "etiqueta" => "Buchanan et al&#46;&#44; 1996"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Marine magnetic data processing in equatorial regions off Ghana"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "Buchanan S&#46;K&#46;"
                            1 => "Scrutton R&#46;A&#46;"
                            2 => "Edwards R&#46;A&#46;"
                            3 => "Whitmarsh R&#46;B&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; J&#46; Int&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "125"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "123"
                        "paginaFinal" => "131"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0085"
              "etiqueta" => "Bullard and Mason&#44; 1961"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The magnetic field astern of a ship"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Bullard E&#46;C&#46;"
                            1 => "Mason R&#46;G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Deep Sea Research"
                        "fecha" => "1961"
                        "volumen" => "8"
                        "numero" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "20"
                        "paginaFinal" => "27"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "Canet et al&#46;&#44; 2008"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mineralogical and geochemical constraints on the origin of ferromanganese crusts from the Rivera Plate &#40;western margin of Mexico&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "Canet C&#46;"
                            1 => "Prol-Ledesma R&#46;M&#46;"
                            2 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            3 => "Schaaf P&#46;"
                            4 => "Linares C&#46;"
                            5 => "Tauler E&#46;"
                            6 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Marine Geology"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "251"
                        "paginaInicial" => "47"
                        "paginaFinal" => "59"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0095"
              "etiqueta" => "Centroid Moment Tensor Catologue&#44; 2007"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Centroid Moment Tensor Catologue&#44; <a href="http://www.seismology.harvard.edu/CMTsearch.html">www&#46;seismology&#46;harvard&#46;edu&#47;CMTsearch&#46;html</a> &#40;last accessed July 2007&#41;&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "DeMets and Traylen&#44; 2000"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Motion of the Rivera plate since 10 Ma relative to the Pacific and North American plates and the mantle"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "DeMets C&#46;"
                            1 => "Traylen S&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Tectonophysics"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "318"
                        "paginaInicial" => "119"
                        "paginaFinal" => "159"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "DeMets and Wilson&#44; 1997"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Relative motions of the Pacific&#44; Rivera&#44; North American&#44; and Cocos plates since 0&#46;78 Ma&#46; J"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "DeMets C&#46;"
                            1 => "Wilson D&#46;S&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "102"
                        "numero" => "B2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2789"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2806"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0110"
              "etiqueta" => "DeMets and Stein&#44; 1990"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Present-day kinematics of the Rivera Plate and implications for tectonics in southwestern Mexico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "DeMets C&#46;"
                            1 => "Stein S&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "95"
                        "numero" => "B13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "21931"
                        "paginaFinal" => "21948"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0115"
              "etiqueta" => "Eissler and McNally&#44; 1984"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Seismicity and tectonics of the Rivera Plate and implications for the 1932 Jalisco&#44; Mexico&#44; Earthquake"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Eissler H&#46;K&#46;"
                            1 => "McNally K&#46;C&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "numero" => "B6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "4520"
                        "paginaFinal" => "4530"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0120"
              "etiqueta" => "Geometrics&#44; Inc&#46;&#44; 2001"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "Geometrics&#44; Inc&#46;"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "G-877 Marine Magnetometer 25165-OM Rev&#46; A Operation Manual"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "editorial" => "Geometries&#44; Inc&#46;"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "San Jose&#44; CA&#44; USA"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0125"
              "etiqueta" => "Jaramillo and Su&#225;rez&#44; 2011"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The 4 December 1948 Islas Mar&#237;as&#44; Mexico earthquake &#40;Mw 6&#46;4&#41;&#58; reverse faulting beneath the Tres Marias escarpment and implications for the Rivera-North American relative plate motion"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Jaramillo S&#46;H&#46;"
                            1 => "Su&#225;rez G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geof&#237;sica Internacional"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "50"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "313"
                        "paginaFinal" => "317"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0130"
              "etiqueta" => "Khutorskoy et al&#46;&#44; 1994"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Tectonics of the offshore Manzanillo and Tecpan basins&#44; Mexican Pacific&#44; from heat flow&#44; bathymetric and seismic data"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "Khutorskoy M&#46;D&#46;"
                            1 => "Delgado-Argote L&#46;A&#46;"
                            2 => "Fern&#225;ndez R&#46;"
                            3 => "Kononov V&#46;I&#46;"
                            4 => "Polyak B&#46;G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geof&#237;sica Internacional"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "33"
                        "paginaInicial" => "161"
                        "paginaFinal" => "185"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0135"
              "etiqueta" => "Klitgord and Mammerickx&#44; 1982"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Northern East Pacific Rise&#58; Magnetic anomaly and bathymetric framework"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Klitgord K&#46;D&#46;"
                            1 => "Mammerickx J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "87"
                        "numero" => "B8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "6725"
                        "paginaFinal" => "6750"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0140"
              "etiqueta" => "Kostoglodov and Bandy&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Seismotectonic constraints on the convergence rate between the Rivera and North American plates"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Kostoglodov V&#46;"
                            1 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "17977"
                        "paginaFinal" => "17989"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "Le&#243;n Soto et al&#46;&#44; 2009"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mantle flow in the Rivera-Cocos subduction zone"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [
                            0 => "Le&#243;n Soto G&#46;"
                            1 => "Ni J&#46;F&#46;"
                            2 => "Grand S&#46;P&#46;"
                            3 => "Sandvol E&#46;"
                            4 => "Valenzuela R&#46;W&#46;"
                            5 => "Guzm&#225;n Speziale M&#46;"
                            6 => "G&#243;mez Gonz&#225;lez J&#46;M&#46;"
                            7 => "Dom&#237;nguez Reyes T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; J&#46; Int&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "179"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1004"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1012"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "Lonsdale&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Segmentation and disruption of the East Pacific Rise in the mouth of the Gulf of California"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Lonsdale P&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Marine Geophysical Researches"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "323"
                        "paginaFinal" => "359"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0155"
              "etiqueta" => "Lonsdale&#44; 1991"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Structural patterns of the Pacific floor offshore peninsular California"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Lonsdale P&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "The Gulf and Peninsula Province of the Californias"
                        "paginaInicial" => "87"
                        "paginaFinal" => "125"
                        "serieFecha" => "1991"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0160"
              "etiqueta" => "Lonsdale&#44; 1988"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Structural pattern of the Galapagos microplate and evolution of the Galapagos triple junction"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Lonsdale P&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1988"
                        "volumen" => "93"
                        "paginaInicial" => "13"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0165"
              "etiqueta" => "Macdonald et al&#46;&#44; 1988"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Deep-tow and Sea Beam studies of dueling propagating ridges on the East Pacific Rise near 20&#176;40&#8217;S"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "Macdonald K&#46;C&#46;"
                            1 => "Haymon R&#46;M&#46;"
                            2 => "Miller S&#46;P&#46;"
                            3 => "Sempere J&#46;-C&#46;"
                            4 => "Fox P&#46;J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1988"
                        "volumen" => "93"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2875"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2898"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            33 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0170"
              "etiqueta" => "Mammerickx&#44; 1984"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The morphology of propagating spreading centers"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Mammerickx J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1817"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1824"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            34 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0175"
              "etiqueta" => "Mammerickx and Carmichael&#44; 1989"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A spreading incursion in the continent near the Rivera plate and Jalisco Block&#63; &#40;abstract&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Mammerickx J&#46;"
                            1 => "Carmichael I&#46;S&#46;E&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eos Trans&#46; Am&#46; Geophys&#46; Union"
                        "fecha" => "1989"
                        "volumen" => "70"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1318"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1319"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            35 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0180"
              "etiqueta" => "Mammerickx and Klitgord&#44; 1982"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Northern East Pacific Rise&#58; Evolution from 25 m&#46;y&#46; B&#46;P to the present"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Mammerickx J&#46;"
                            1 => "Klitgord K&#46;D&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "87"
                        "numero" => "B8"
                        "paginaInicial" => "6751"
                        "paginaFinal" => "6759"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            36 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0185"
              "etiqueta" => "Michaud and Bourgois&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Is the Rivera Fracture Zone a transform fault as currently accepted&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            1 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "C&#46;R&#46; Acad&#46; Sci&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "II"
                        "numero" => "321"
                        "paginaInicial" => "521"
                        "paginaFinal" => "528"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            37 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0190"
              "etiqueta" => "Michaud et al&#46;&#44; 1997"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "the Rivera fracture zone revisited"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            1 => "Royer J&#46;-Y&#46;"
                            2 => "Bourgois J&#46;"
                            3 => "Mercier de Lepinay B&#46;"
                            4 => "Petit Liaudon G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Marine Geology"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "137"
                        "paginaInicial" => "207"
                        "paginaFinal" => "225"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            38 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0195"
              "etiqueta" => "Michaud et al&#46;&#44; 2000"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "New insights into the subducting ocean crust in the Middle American Trench off western Mexico &#40;17&#176;-19&#176;N&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [
                            0 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            1 => "Da&#241;obeitia J&#46;"
                            2 => "Carbonell R&#46;"
                            3 => "Bartolom&#233; R&#46;"
                            4 => "Cordoba D&#46;"
                            5 => "Delgado Argote L&#46;"
                            6 => "N&#250;&#241;ez-Corn&#250; F&#46;"
                            7 => "Monfret T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Tectonophysics"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "318"
                        "paginaInicial" => "187"
                        "paginaFinal" => "200"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            39 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0200"
              "etiqueta" => "Michaud et al&#46;&#44; 2001"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Did the East Pacific Rise subduct beneath the North America Plate &#40;western Mexico&#41;&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            1 => "Da&#241;obeitia J&#46;"
                            2 => "Bartolom&#233; Carbonell R&#46;"
                            3 => "Delgado Argote L&#46;"
                            4 => "Cordoba D&#46;"
                            5 => "Monfret T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geo-Marine Letters"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "numero" => "3"
                        "paginaInicial" => "168"
                        "paginaFinal" => "173"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            40 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0205"
              "etiqueta" => "Molnar&#44; 1973"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fault plane solutions of earthquakes and direction of motion in the Gulf of California and on the Rivera Fracture Zone"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Molnar P&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "GSA Bull&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1973"
                        "volumen" => "84"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1651"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1658"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            41 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0210"
              "etiqueta" => "Nixon&#44; 1982"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The relationship between Quaternary volcanism in central Mexico and the seismicity and structure of subducted ocean lithosphere"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Nixon G&#46;T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "GSA Bull&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "93"
                        "numero" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "514"
                        "paginaFinal" => "523"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            42 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0215"
              "etiqueta" => "Pel&#225;ez Gavaria&#44; 2008"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Pel&#225;ez Gavaria J&#46;R&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:5 [
                        "titulo" => "An&#225;lisis de las anomal&#237;as magneticas marinas en el limite sur de la placa de Rivera&#44; frente a Colima"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "paginaInicial" => "122"
                        "editorial" => "Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Mexico"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            43 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0220"
              "etiqueta" => "Pardo and Su&#225;rez&#44; 1995"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Shape of the subducted Rivera and Cocos plates in southern Mexico&#58; Seismic and tectonic implications"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Pardo M&#46;"
                            1 => "Su&#225;rez G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "numero" => "B7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "12"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            44 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0225"
              "etiqueta" => "Reid&#44; 1976"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Reid I&#46;D&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:5 [
                        "titulo" => "The Rivera Plate&#58; A Study in Seismology and Plate Tectonics"
                        "fecha" => "1976"
                        "paginaInicial" => "288"
                        "editorial" => "Ph&#46;D&#46; Dissertation&#44; University of California"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "San Diego"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            45 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0230"
              "etiqueta" => "Schaaf et al&#46;&#44; 2009"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "Schaaf P&#46;"
                            1 => "Bandy W&#46;"
                            2 => "Mortera C&#46;"
                            3 => "Michaud F&#46;"
                            4 => "Ruffet G&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Mid ocean ridge basalts from the Pacific Rivera Plate&#44; Mexico&#58; Heterogeneous geochemistry and geochronology &#40;abstract&#41;&#44; International Lateinamerika-Kolloquium 2009 Abstracts and Program"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "paginaInicial" => "255"
                        "paginaFinal" => "256"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            46 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0235"
              "etiqueta" => "Serrato-D&#237;az et al&#46;&#44; 2004"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Active rifting and crustal thinning along the Rivera-Cocos plate boundary as inferred from Mantle Bouguer gravity anomalies"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Serrato-D&#237;az G&#46;"
                            1 => "Bandy W&#46;L&#46;"
                            2 => "Mortera-Guti&#233;rrez C&#46;A&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geof&#237;sica Internacional"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "361"
                        "paginaFinal" => "381"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            47 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0240"
              "etiqueta" => "Whitmarsh and Jones&#44; 1969"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Daily variation and secular variation of the geomagnetic field from shipboard observations in the Gulf of Aden"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Whitmarsh R&#46;B&#46;"
                            1 => "Jones M&#46;T&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Geophys&#46; J&#46; Int&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1969"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "numero" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "477"
                        "paginaFinal" => "488"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            48 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0245"
              "etiqueta" => "Wilson&#44; 1990"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Kinematics of overlapping rift propagation with cyclic rift failure"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Wilson D&#46;S&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Earth and Planetary Science Letters"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "96"
                        "numero" => "3-4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "384"
                        "paginaFinal" => "392"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            49 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0250"
              "etiqueta" => "Yang et al&#46;&#44; 2009"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Seismic structure beneath the Rivera subduction zone from finite-frequency seismic tomography"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [
                            0 => "Yang T&#46;"
                            1 => "Grand S&#46;P&#46;"
                            2 => "Wilson D&#46;"
                            3 => "Guzman-Speciale M&#46;"
                            4 => "G&#243;mez-Gonz&#225;lez J&#46;M&#46;"
                            5 => "Dom&#237;nguez-Reyes T&#46;"
                            6 => "Ni J&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J&#46; Geophys&#46; Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "114"
                        "paginaInicial" => "B01302"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack161011"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        "texto" => "<p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We thank the Captain&#44; crew and administrative staff of the BO El PUMA for their help during the collection of the marine magnetic data&#59; G&#46; Su&#225;rez for helpful discussions&#59; Peter Schaaf&#44; Margarita L&#243;pez and the staff of the Geochronology Laboratory of CICESE who dated the basalt sample&#44; the Coordinaci&#243;n Acad&#233;mica de Buques Oceanogr&#225;ficos &#40;CABO&#41;&#44; UNAM for providing the ship time during the MARTIC04 and MARTIC05 campaigns&#44; Esteban Hern&#225;ndez and the staff of the UNAM Geomagnetic Observatory in Teoloyucan&#44; Mexico for their help in establishing and maintaining the magnetic base stations data deployed for this work&#46; The MARTIC04 and MARTIC05 campaigns were funded by UNAM-DGAPA grants IN117305-2&#44; IN116505&#44; IN114410&#44; IN102507 and IN104707-3&#44; CONACyT grant F50235 and Instituto de Geof&#237;sica&#44; UNAM grant G111&#46; The BART- FAMEX campaigns of the N&#46;O&#46; L&#8217;Atalante were funded by grants from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique &#40;CNRS&#41;&#44; France and CONACyT grant &#35;T36681&#44; Mexico&#46; Partial funding during the analysis phase was also provided by CONACyT grant &#35;50235-F We thank the reviewers for their comments which helped improve the clarity of the manuscript&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/00167169/0000005200000001/v2_201505081355/S0016716913714636/v2_201505081355/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "36047"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Original paper"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/00167169/0000005200000001/v2_201505081355/S0016716913714636/v2_201505081355/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0016716913714636?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]
Article information
ISSN: 00167169
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 2 0 2
2024 October 31 9 40
2024 September 28 14 42
2024 August 50 8 58
2024 July 21 3 24
2024 June 19 9 28
2024 May 22 5 27
2024 April 22 14 36
2024 March 33 5 38
2024 February 32 9 41
2024 January 16 8 24
2023 December 22 11 33
2023 November 20 7 27
2023 October 40 14 54
2023 September 50 20 70
2023 August 35 7 42
2023 July 20 2 22
2023 June 51 27 78
2023 May 43 6 49
2023 April 57 3 60
2023 March 57 4 61
2023 February 50 13 63
2023 January 61 12 73
2022 December 36 6 42
2022 November 51 14 65
2022 October 29 12 41
2022 September 38 10 48
2022 August 35 19 54
2022 July 37 12 49
2022 June 33 13 46
2022 May 29 12 41
2022 April 43 13 56
2022 March 49 15 64
2022 February 49 9 58
2022 January 71 10 81
2021 December 30 14 44
2021 November 39 17 56
2021 October 52 10 62
2021 September 89 20 109
2021 August 61 17 78
2021 July 46 15 61
2021 June 39 11 50
2021 May 56 9 65
2021 April 94 12 106
2021 March 51 5 56
2021 February 54 9 63
2021 January 55 11 66
2020 December 34 19 53
2020 November 37 15 52
2020 October 36 11 47
2020 September 46 9 55
2020 August 114 12 126
2020 July 78 12 90
2020 June 58 3 61
2020 May 38 5 43
2020 April 34 2 36
2020 March 67 7 74
2020 February 59 5 64
2020 January 19 8 27
2019 December 28 3 31
2019 November 21 2 23
2019 October 25 2 27
2019 September 28 8 36
2019 August 21 8 29
2019 July 21 14 35
2019 June 35 18 53
2019 May 114 31 145
2019 April 53 30 83
2019 March 22 9 31
2019 February 44 10 54
2019 January 31 7 38
2018 December 35 2 37
2018 November 46 0 46
2018 October 55 8 63
2018 September 100 10 110
2018 August 73 3 76
2018 July 29 6 35
2018 June 13 2 15
2018 May 28 5 33
2018 April 21 7 28
2018 March 19 5 24
2018 February 26 3 29
2018 January 27 0 27
2017 December 17 3 20
2017 November 32 2 34
2017 October 21 8 29
2017 September 29 11 40
2017 August 21 2 23
2017 July 26 2 28
2017 June 60 7 67
2017 May 31 19 50
2017 April 34 2 36
2017 March 28 38 66
2017 February 29 5 34
2017 January 30 6 36
2016 December 34 9 43
2016 November 34 9 43
2016 October 27 10 37
2016 September 55 6 61
2016 August 46 6 52
2016 July 19 6 25
2016 June 24 12 36
2016 May 18 18 36
2016 April 31 3 34
2016 March 37 11 48
2016 February 31 11 42
2016 January 182 14 196
2015 December 19 14 33
2015 November 22 4 26
2015 October 33 9 42
2015 September 19 11 30
2015 August 43 3 46
2015 July 33 5 38
2015 June 22 1 23
2015 May 38 3 41
2015 April 34 8 42
2015 March 40 4 44
2015 February 5 1 6
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article