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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Mortality and cardiovascular risk in vasculitis ANCA. Importance of hypertension...
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Vol. 41. Issue 1.
Pages 5-16 (January - March 2024)
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Vol. 41. Issue 1.
Pages 5-16 (January - March 2024)
Original article
Mortality and cardiovascular risk in vasculitis ANCA. Importance of hypertension and renal function. Experience from southern Spain
Mortalidad y riesgo cardiovascular en vasculitis ANCA. Importancia de la hipertension y funcion renal. Experiencia del sur de España
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M.A. Martin-Gómeza,
Corresponding author
doritamg@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, A. Rodríguez Torresb, M. Espinosa Hernándezc, M. Lopez Mendozad, J.M. Sabio Sáncheze, M. Martin Armadaf, I. Martin Suarezg, J.L. Callejas Rubioh, M.M. Castilla Castellanoi, J.C. Anglada Pintadoj, A.C. Barnosi Marínk, M.D. Martinez Estebanl, L. Castilla Guerram, E. De Ramón Garridon, on behalf of the Andalusian Association of Autoimmune Diseases (AADEA) and the Andalusian Society of Arterial Hypertension (SAHTA)
a Nephrology Poniente Hospital, El Ejido, Almería, Spain
b Nephrology Pediatrician Torrecardenas Hospital, Almería, Spain
c Nephrology Reina Sofía Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
d Nephrology Virgen del Rocío Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
e Internal Medicine Autoimmune Unit, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, Granada, Spain
f Internal Medicine, Jaén Hospital Complex, Jaén, Spain
g Internal Medicine, Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital, Huelva, Spain
h Internal Medicine, San Cecilio Clinic Hospital, Granada, Spain
i Nephrology Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
j Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Jerez, Jerez, Cádiz, Spain
k Internal Medicine, Torrecárdenas Hospital, Almería, Spain
l Nephrology Universitary Regional Hospital of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
m Internal Medicine, Virgen de Macarena Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
n Internal Medicine, Andalussian Society of Autoimmune Diseases (AADEA), Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
Table 2. Uni and multivariate estimates of the strength of association of clinical and sociodemographic predictor variables and all-cause mortality.
Table 3. Uni and multivariate estimates of the strength of the association of the clinical and sociodemographic predictor variables and the presence of a cardiovascular event (CVE).
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Abstract
Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the principal causes of death in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-(ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).

Objectives

To evaluate the mortality and it's causes and CVD and its vascular risk factors (VRFs) in AAV patients in Andalusia.

Methods

A multicenter cohort of 220 AAV patients followed-up from 1979 until June 2020 was studied in Andalussia, south of Spain. The information, including socio-demographic and clinical data was recorded retrospectively through chart review. Data was analysed using Chi2, ANOVA and Cox proportional hazards regresion as uni and multivariate test with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

During a mean ± standard deviation follow-up of 96.79 ± 75.83 months, 51 patients died and 30 presented at least one CVE. Independent prognostic factors of mortality were age (HR 1.083, p=0.001) and baseline creatinine (HR 4.41, p=0.01). Independent prognostic factors of CVE were age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.042, p=0.005] and the presence of hypertension (HTN) six months after diagnosis (HR 4.641, p=0.01). HTN, diabetes and renal failure, all of these important VRFs, are more prevalent in AAV patients than it is described in matched general population.

Conclusions

Age and baseline renal function, but not CVEs, are predictors of mortality and age and early HTN are independent predictors for having a CVE. CVD screening in AAV patients is demanded.

Keywords:
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Mortality
Cardiovascular disease
Hypertension
Resumen
Introducción

La enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) es una de las principales causas de muerte en las vasculitis asociadas a anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA) (VAA).

Objetivos

Evaluar la mortalidad y sus causas, entre ellas la ECV y sus factores de riesgo vascular (FRV) en pacientes con VAA en Andalucía.

Métodos

Se estudió una cohorte multicéntrica de 220 pacientes con VAA seguidos desde 1979 hasta junio de 2020 en Andalucía. La información, incluidos los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, se registró retrospectivamente a través de la revisión de historias clínicas. Los datos se analizaron mediante Chi2, ANOVA y regresión de riesgos proporcionales de Cox de forma uni y multivariante con un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%.

Resultados

Durante un seguimiento medio y desviación estándar de 96,79 ± 75,83 meses, 51 pacientes fallecieron y 30 presentaron al menos un ECV. Los factores pronósticos independientes de mortalidad fueron la edad (HR 1,083, p=0,001) y la creatinina basal (HR 4,41, p=0,01). Los factores pronósticos independientes de ECV fueron la edad [hazard ratio (HR) 1,042, p=0,005] y la presencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) seis meses después del diagnóstico (HR 4,641, p=0,01). La prevalencia de HTA, diabetes e insuficiencia renal fue elevada o muy elevada en comparación con la población general emparentada, todos FRCV determinantes para el pronóstico de estos pacientes.

Conclusiones

La edad y la función renal basal son predictores de mortalidad y la edad y la HTA de aparición precoz son predictores independientes de tener ECV. Se recomienda el cribado de FRCV en pacientes con vasculitis ANCA.

Palabras clave:
Vasculitis asociada a ANCA
Mortalidad
Enfermedad cardiovascular
Hipertensión

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