Article information
Resumen
La ictericia es un hallazgo frecuente en el paciente con malaria. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, se considera un signo de peligro cuando se acompaña de aumento importante de las bilirrubinas y comúnmente se relaciona con disfunción hepática y lesión de otros sistemas. La lesión hepática en estos pacientes es frecuente, está asociada a otras complicaciones, y es reversible si se identifica y se trata a tiempo. Con este trabajo se pretende revisar el valor semiológico de la ictericia como indicador de malaria complicada, explicar su patogénesis y los mecanismos de daño hepático; además, hacer un enfoque del paciente con hepatopatía palúdica, diferenciando la disfunción hepática de la falla y la encefalopatía hepáticas.
Palabras clave:
ictericia
malaria complicada
hepatopatía
disfunción hepática
falla hepática
Abstract
Jaundice is a common finding in malaria patients. According to the World Health Organization, it is considered a sign of danger when accompanied by an important increase of bilirubinand it is frequently related to hepatic dysfunction and injury to other organs. Liver injury in these patients is common and it is associated with other complications. If it is identified and treated early, it is reversible.
This paper reviews the semiological value of jaundice as an indicator of complicated malaria; it explains its pathogenesis and the mechanisms of liver damage. It also focuses on the patient with hepathopathy, distinguishing hepatic dysfunction, hepatic failure and hepatic encephalopathy.
Key words:
Jaundice
complicated malaria
hepathopathy
hepatic dysfunction
hepatic failure
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