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Inicio Medicina Clínica Effect of probiotics on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairm...
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 565-573 (June 2024)
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Vol. 162. Issue 12.
Pages 565-573 (June 2024)
Original article
Effect of probiotics on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Efecto de los probióticos en la función cognitiva en los adultos con deterioro cognitivo leve o enfermedad de Alzheimer: un metaanálisis de ensayos aleatorios controlados
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Rui Moa, Man Jiangb, Hongwei Xua, Ruzhen Jiaa,
Corresponding author
jrz032303092@163.com

Corresponding author.
a Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
b Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Table 1. Main characteristics of the included studies.
Table 2. Subgroup analyses of effect of probiotics on cognition.
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Abstract
Background

Recent clinical studies have yielded controversial results regarding the effect of probiotics on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects. To clarify the efficacy of probiotics on cognition, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods

Instructions of the PRISMA 2020 statement were followed. Literature from the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched and manually screened for relevant published RCTs. We performed statistical analysis using RevMan, and assessed the risk of bias using the R software.

Results

A total of 12 studies comprising 852 patients with MCI or AD were identified. The results of meta-analysis showed that probiotics improved global cognitive function (SMD=0.67; 95% CI, 0.32, 1.02), recall/delayed memory (SMD=0.67; 95% CI: 0.32, 1.02), attention (SMD=0.31; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.58) and visuospatial/constructional (SMD=0.24; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.42) cognitive domain.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis found that probiotic supplementation is associated with an improvement in cognitive performance among patients with AD and MCI. However, current evidence is limited, and more reliable large-scale RCTs with higher methodological quality are needed.

Keywords:
Probiotic
Mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's disease
Meta-analysis
Resumen
Antecedentes

Estudios clínicos recientes han arrojado resultados controvertidos en cuanto al efecto de los probióticos en la función cognitiva de los pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) o deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL). Con el objetivo de aclarar la eficacia de los probióticos en la cognición, llevamos a cabo un metaanálisis de ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados (ECA).

Métodos

Se siguieron las instrucciones de la declaración PRISMA 2020. Realizamos una búsqueda sistemática y seleccionamos manualmente ensayos clínicos aleatorizados relevantes publicados en las bases de datos de PubMed, Embase y Cochrane. El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando RevMan y el riesgo de sesgo fue evaluado utilizando el software R.

Resultados

Identificamos un total de 12 estudios que incluyeron a 852 pacientes con DCL o EA. Los resultados del metaanálisis mostraron que los probióticos mejoraron la función cognitiva global (DME=0,67; IC del 95%: 0,32-1,02), la memoria de recuerdo/demora (DME=0,67; IC del 95%: 0,32-1,02), la atención (DME=0,31; IC del 95%: 0,04-0,58) y el dominio cognitivo visoespacial/constructivo (DME=0,24; IC del 95%: 0,06-0,42).

Conclusión

Este metaanálisis encontró que la suplementación con probióticos está asociada con una mejora en el rendimiento cognitivo entre los pacientes con EA y DCL. Sin embargo, la evidencia actual es limitada, y se necesitan ensayos clínicos aleatorizados a gran escala con mayor calidad metodológica para obtener resultados más confiables.

Palabras clave:
Probióticos
Deterioro cognitivo leve
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Metaanálisis

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