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Inicio Medicina Clínica Enfermedad por citomegalovirus en los pacientes inmunodeprimidos por glomerulone...
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Vol. 160. Issue 5.
Pages 199-202 (March 2023)
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Vol. 160. Issue 5.
Pages 199-202 (March 2023)
Original breve
Enfermedad por citomegalovirus en los pacientes inmunodeprimidos por glomerulonefritis necrosante pauciinmune
Cytomegalovirus disease in immunosuppressed patients with necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis
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Sergio Barroso Hernándeza,
Corresponding author
sbarrosoh@senefro.org

Autor para correspondencia.
, Jorge Alberto Rodríguez Sabillóna, Álvaro Álvarez Lópeza, Elena García de Vinuesa Calvoa, Antonia Calvo Canob, Nicolás Roberto Robles Pérez-Monteolivaa
a Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, España
b Unidad de Patología Infecciosa, Hospital Universitario de Badajoz, Badajoz, España
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Abstract
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Resumen
Introducción

La afectación renal por glomerulonefritis necrosante pauciinmune (GNPI) asociada a vasculitis de pequeño vaso requiere tratamiento inmunodepresor, cuyos efectos secundarios incluyen un mayor riesgo de procesos infecciosos, como la enfermedad por citomegalovirus (CMV), aunque no hay recomendaciones sobre su manejo en las guías de práctica clínica (GPC).

Objetivo

Estudiar la incidencia de enfermedad por CMV y sus determinantes.

Pacientes y métodos

Pacientes con diagnóstico histológico de GNPI en los últimos 10 años, determinando la carga viral de CMV y analizando los determinantes de su concurrencia.

Resultados

Se realizaron 44 biopsias durante el periodo de estudio. Del total, 11 pacientes (25%) desarrollaron enfermedad por CMV; todos habían recibido tratamiento inmunodepresor. Cuatro (30,8%) fallecieron durante el ingreso. Los factores determinantes de la enfermedad fueron la edad (por cada 10 años OR: 3,0, IC 95%: 1,0 a 8,9, p = 0,012) y la albúmina (por cada g/L OR: 0,8, IC 95%: 0,6 a 1,0, p = 0,012).

Conclusiones

La incidencia de enfermedad por CMV en pacientes inmunodeprimidos por GNPI es alta, con alta mortalidad. Sería necesario incluir estrategias en las GPC para prevenir su desarrollo.

Palabras clave:
Glomerulonefritis necrosante pauciinmune
Inmunodepresión
Enfermedad por citomegalovirus
Abstract
Introduction

Renal involvement due to necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (PIGN) associated with small vessel vasculitis requires the use of immunosuppressive. Associated side effects include an increased risk of infectious processes, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease; therefore, there are no recommendations on its management in the various clinical practice guidelines (CPG).

Objective

To study the incidence of CMV disease and its determinants.

Patients and methods

Patients with histological diagnosis of necrotizing pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in the last 10 years, who were determined the viral load of CMV, analyzing the determinants of its occurrence.

Results

Forty-four biopsies were performed during the study period. Eleven patients (25%) developed CMV disease; all had received immunosuppressive treatment. Four (30.8%) died during admission. The determinants of CMV disease were age (for every 10 years OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.0-8.9, p = 0.012), and plasma albumin (for each g/L OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6-1.0, p = 0.012).

Conclusions

The incidence of CMV disease in immunocompromised patients due to PIGN is high, with high mortality. It would be necessary to include strategies in the CPGs to prevent it.

Keywords:
Pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Immunosuppression
Cytomegalovirus disease

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