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Inicio Medicina Clínica Temporal variability of Lp(a) in clinically stable patients: Implications for ca...
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Original article
Available online 22 July 2024
Temporal variability of Lp(a) in clinically stable patients: Implications for cardiovascular risk assessment
Variabilidad temporal de Lp(a) en pacientes clínicamente estables: implicaciones para la evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular
Maria G. Mattaa,b,
Corresponding author
magabrielama@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Laura Schreierc, Augusto Lavalle-Cobod, Sebastian Garcia-Zamorae, Agustina Ferraresia, Angeles Madsena, Sofia Bellinia, Guadalupe Ramosa, Paula Roubiceka, Pablo Corrala
a Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad FASTA, Clinical Researcher at the Clinical Research Institute (IIC), Mar del Plata, Argentina
b Cardiology Department, Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Dr, Douglas QLD 4814, Australia
c University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Lipids and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, INFIBIOC-UBA, Argentina
d Cardiology Department, Sanatorio Otamendi, CABA, Argentina
e Sanatorio Delta, Rosario, Argentina
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Figures (2)
Tables (3)
Table 1. Participants baseline characteristics.
Table 2. Baseline Lp(a) values, maximum variation, correlation, and their absolute and percentage variability.
Table 3. Factors associated with variability in Lp(a) levels compared between patients with or without hypervariable Lp(a) levels.
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Abstract
Objectives

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet it is often overlooked in routine clinical assessments. As a primarily genetically determined risk factor, the traditional recommendation is to assess its level once in a lifetime, as the variability of Lp(a) over time is considered to be minimal. This study aims to evaluate the potential variability of Lp(a) in clinically stable patients and investigate factors contributing to the lack of stable levels.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on a sample of adult patients attending a lipid clinic. Participants with at least two Lp(a) measurements taken with a minimum interval of four months were included. Lp(a) measurements were performed using the immunoturbidimetric assay. Variability in Lp(a) values was calculated as a percentage change from baseline, with participants exceeding a 25% change classified as having hypervariable Lp(a) levels. Additional clinical and biochemical variables were assessed.

Results

61 participants with 171 Lp(a) determinations were included. Thirty-four percent exhibited a variability of 25% or higher (hypervariable). Men showed slightly greater variability than women. Changes in Lp(a) categories were observed among hypervariable patients, with some participants experiencing an increase while others showed a decrease. Menopause was present in all the women with hypervariable levels.

Conclusion

Our study suggests reconsidering the reliance on a single Lp(a) measurement for assessing cardiovascular risk. Repeat measurements, particularly in borderline cases, may be beneficial.

Keywords:
Lipoprotein(a)
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular risk factor
Resumen
Objetivos

La lipoproteína(a) [Lp(a)] es un factor de riesgo cardiovascular cuyo valor se considera estable a lo largo del tiempo debido a que su concentración está determinada, principalmente en forma genética. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar si existe variabilidad a lo largo el tiempo en pacientes clínicamente estables y analizar los factores que contribuyen a su variabilidad.

Métodos

Análisis retrospectivo en una muestra de 61 pacientes adultos de la misma etnia que asistieron a una Clínica de Lípidos. Se incluyeron participantes con al menos dos mediciones de Lp(a) tomadas con un intervalo mínimo de cuatro meses. La Lp(a) se analizó con ensayo inmunoturbidimétrico, en un mismo laboratorio. La variabilidad en los valores de Lp(a) se calculó como un cambio porcentual desde el valor inicial, clasificando a los participantes que excedieron un cambio del 25% como hipervariables. También se evaluaron variables clínicas y bioquímicas adicionales.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 61 participantes con 171 determinaciones de Lp(a). El 34% mostró una variabilidad del 25% o mayor. Los hombres mostraron una variabilidad ligeramente mayor que las mujeres. Se observaron cambios en las categorías de Lp(a) entre los hipervariables, algunos participantes experimentaron un aumento mientras que otros mostraron una disminución. La menopausia estaba presente en todos los casos de mujeres hipervariables.

Conclusión

Nuestra investigación sugiere replantear el uso exclusivo de una sola medición de Lp(a) para evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular. La realización de mediciones repetidas, especialmente en casos limítrofes, podría ser beneficiosa.

Palabras clave:
Lipoproteína(a)
Enfermedades cardiovasculares
Factor de riesgo cardiovascular

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