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Inicio Medicina Clínica Anticuerpos monoclonales para el tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple
Journal Information
Vol. 143. Issue S3.
Esclerosis múltiple
Pages 30-34 (December 2014)
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Vol. 143. Issue S3.
Esclerosis múltiple
Pages 30-34 (December 2014)
Anticuerpos monoclonales para el tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple
Monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
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Victoria Galán Sánchez-Seco, Ignacio Casanova Peño, Rafael Arroyo González
Corresponding author
rafaelarroyo09@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
Unidad de Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España
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Resumen

Hasta mediados de los años noventa, con la aparición del interferón beta y el acetato de glatirámero, no existía tratamiento para la esclerosis múltiple (EM). Sin embargo, debido a su moderado potencial terapéutico en algunos pacientes, se continuó con una amplia búsqueda encaminada a encontrar nuevas y más efectivas estrategias de tratamiento, centrando buena parte de los esfuerzos en los anticuerpos monoclonales (AcMo). A finales de 2004 fue aprobado natalizumab, el primer AcMo para el tratamiento de la EM, que representó un importantísimo avance en el campo de la neuroinmunología. Hoy en día, la experiencia con natalizumab es amplia y existen otros AcMo (alemtuzumab, daclizumab, rituximab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab y anti-lingo-1) pendientes de comercializar, o en fases II y II de estudio con resultados prometedores. En esta revisión se analizan los resultados de eficacia y seguridad de todos ellos.

Palabras clave:
Esclerosis múltiple
Natalizumab
Alemtuzumab
Daclizumab
Rituximab
Ocrelizumab
Ofatumumab
BIIB033
Abstract

Until the mid 1990s, with the appearance of interferon beta and glatiramer acetate, there was no treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, due to their moderate therapeutic potential in some patients, a broad search was continued to find new and more effective treatment strategies, largely concentrated on monoclonal antibodies (MOAB). Natalizumab, the first MOAB for the treatment of MS, was approved at the end of 2004, representing a major advance in the field of neuroimmunology. Today, there is broad experience with natalizumab and other MOAB (alemtuzumab, daclizumab, rituximab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab and anti-lingo-1) that are pending commercialization or are under phase II or III of development with promising results. The present review analyzes the efficacy and safety results of all these drugs.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosis
Natalizumab
Alemtuzumab
Daclizumab
Rituximab
Ocrelizumab
Ofatumumab
BIIB033

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