Complicaciones dermatológicas despues del trasplante cardíaco. Incidencia y pronóstico

Fundamento

Análisis de las lesiones dermatológicas postrasplante cardíaco (TC), los factores pre-disponentes y el pronóstico

Pacientes y método

Estudio retrospectivo de lesiones dermatológicas en 192 TC, en el que se analizan: edad, sexo, residencia, diabetes post-TC, inmu-nodepresión y profilaxis con aciclovir/itraconazol

Resultados

Hubo 163 lesiones dermatológicas en 93 pacientes; las principales, 115 infecciosas (70,5%) y 20 tumorales (12,3%). Las infecciones más frecuentes fueron 22 herpes zoster y 53 piti-riasis versicolor. De 20 lesiones tumorales, 3 eran malignas: 2 carcinomas epidermoides y un sarcoma de Kaposi. Ninguna lesión dermatológica causó hospitalización prolongada. No se observó relación entre la aparición de lesión dermatológica y las variables propuestas

Conclusiones

Las lesiones dermatológicas post-TC más frecuentes fueron las infecciosas. La incidencia de carcinoma epidermoide es baja, con buen pronóstico debido a un diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos

Background

This study was conducted to analyze the type, incidence, predisposing factors and prognosis of cutaneous complications (CC) occuring in heart transplant recipients (HTR)

Patients and method

A retrospective study was carried out among 192 HTR with a survival >1 month. The following variables were recorded: age, sex, place of residence, post-transplant diabetes, glucocorticoid dose, prophylaxis with acy-clovir/itraconazole and CC

Results

One hundred sixty three CC were diagnosed in 93 patients. The major types were infectious complications (n = 115; 70.5%) and tumors (n = 20; 12.3%). The most common infections were viral (herpes zoster; n = 22) and fungal (pyti-riasis versicolor; n = 53). Out the 20 tumors, 3 were malignant: 2 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 1 Kaposi sarcoma. None of the CC caused mortality or prolonged hospital stay. No relationship was found between CC and the variables studied

Conclusions

Skin infections were the most common CC in this cohort of HTR. The incidence of SCC was very low and its prognosis was good due to early diagnosis and surgical excision