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Vol. 132. Issue S1.
Pages 33-37 (May 2009)
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Vol. 132. Issue S1.
Pages 33-37 (May 2009)
Enfermedades cardiovasculares y nefropatía crónica: del tratamiento al fomento de la salud
Cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease: from treatment to promoting health
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S. van der Zee, V. Fuster
Corresponding author
valentin.fuster@mssm.edu

Correspondencia: Dr. V. Fuster. The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine. One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030. New York, NY 10029.
The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute y Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Nueva York. Estados Unidos
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La nefropatía crónica está asociada con un mal desenlace cardiovascular, y debería investigarse de forma sistemática en todos los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares o factores de riesgo, tales como la hipertensión y la diabetes mellitus, mediante la determinación de la tasa de filtración glomerular y la razón albúmina/creatinina en muestras aleatorias de orina. Las estrategias para identificar y prevenir la nefropatía crónica deben formar parte de los programas integrals de prevención de enfermedades. Dichas estrategias deben incluir determinación del tabaquismo, del régimen alimentario y las pautas de ejercicio, el índice de masa corporal, la presión arterial, el perfil lipídico, la glucemia y la detección precoz del cáncer de la forma más adecuada para el paciente.

El aumento mundial de pacientes con nefropatía crónica amenaza con alcanzar proporciones epidémicas durante la próxima década, y pocos países podrán afrontar los retos económicos que ello supone. Es esencial realizar un cambio de enfoque global y pasar del tratamiento de la insuficiencia renal a una prevención primaria y secundaria agresivas. Proponemos que los objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas para 2000-2015 se amplíen y, además de la lucha contra las enfermedades infecciosas, incluyan las enfermedades crónicas (enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, nefropatía y cáncer) mediante una estrategia integral.

Palabras clave:
Nefropatía crónica
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular
Fomento de la salud

Chronic kidney disease is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes and should be screened for in all patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus using estimate of glomerular filtration rate and a random urine albumin-tocreatinine ratio. Strategies to identify and prevent chronic kidney disease must be part of a comprehensive program of disease prevention, that include evaluation of tobacco use, diet and exercise patterns, body mass index, blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose and patient-appropriate cancer screening.

The global increase in patients with chronic kidney disease is threatening to reach epidemic proportions over the next decade, and few countries will be able to meet the economic challenges posed. A change in global approach from treatment of renal failure to aggressive primary and secondary prevention is essential. We propose that the United Nations Millenium Developments Goals for 2000-2015 should be expanded to include combatting infectious diseases as well as chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal disease and cancer, using an integrated approach.

Key words:
Chronic kidney disease
Cardiovascular risk factors

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