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Inicio Medicina Clínica Nuevos abordajes en el tratamiento de la trombosis venosa profunda
Journal Information
Vol. 139. Issue S2.
Actualización en enfermedad tromboembólica
Pages 19-23 (October 2012)
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Vol. 139. Issue S2.
Actualización en enfermedad tromboembólica
Pages 19-23 (October 2012)
Nuevos abordajes en el tratamiento de la trombosis venosa profunda
New approaches in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis
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José Antonio Nieto Rodríguez
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca, España
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Resumen

En los últimos años han concluido o están a punto de finalizar varios estudios en fase III con nuevos anticoagulantes que cambiarán el tratamiento actual de la trombosis venosa profunda. Son productos con farmacocinética y farmacodinámica muy previsibles que no necesitan monitorización, por lo que resultan muy atractivos para el tratamiento de gran número de estos pacientes. Dabigatran, edoxaban e idrabiotaparinux se han desarrollado como alternativas a warfarina, y apixaban y rivaroxaban como tratamiento único de esta enfermedad, con una fase inicial de tratamiento intensivo de 1 o 3 semanas, respectivamente. Los resultados conocidos hasta ahora muestran una eficacia y seguridad similares al tratamiento convencional, por lo que en principio estos anticoagulantes serán especialmente útiles en los pacientes con INR inestables, que toman fármacos incompatibles con los antivitaminas K o en los que no es posible la monitorización.

Palabras clave:
Trombosis venosa profunda
Nuevos anticoagulantes orales
Warfarina
Enfermedad tromboembólica venosa
Dabigatran
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Edoxaban
Idrabiotaparinux
Abstract

In the last few years, several phase III clinical trials of new drug treatments for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have been carried out or are about to finish. These drugs have a predictable and reliable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic response and do not require monitoring and are consequently an attractive alternative for the treatment of a high proportion of patients with DVT. Dabigatran, edoxaban and idrabiotaparinux have been developed as an alternative to warfarin, and apixaban and rivaroxaban as onedrug only treatment for this disease, with a 1- or 3-week intensified phase of initial treatment, respectively. So far, the reported results show non-inferior efficacy and safety to warfarin or to conventional treatment. Therefore, the new anticoagulants will be particularly useful in patients with unstable INRs, warfarin incompatible pharmacologic interactions, and in those without access to regular coagulation monitoring.

Keywords:
Deep vein thrombosis
New oral anticoagulants
Warfarin
Venous thromboembolic disease
Dabigatran
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Edoxaban
Idrabiotaparinux

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