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Inicio Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN Prevalence of elder abuse in the community and care settings: An umbrella review
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Vol. 50. Issue 6.
(September 2024)
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Vol. 50. Issue 6.
(September 2024)
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Prevalence of elder abuse in the community and care settings: An umbrella review
Prevalencia del abuso de personas mayores en los ámbitos comunitario y de cuidados: una revisión paraguas
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B. Juhásza,
Corresponding author
bjuhasz.med@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, K.S. Khana,b, N. Cano-Ibáñeza,b,c, A. Bueno-Cavanillasa,b,c, J.M. Triviño-Juárezd
a Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
b Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain
c Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain
d Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Table 1. Characteristics of systematic reviews on the prevalence of elder abuse (EA).
Table 2. Characteristics of systematic reviews on the prevalence of elder abuse (EA) among special subpopulations of elderly.
Table 3. Quality assessment of systematic reviews on the prevalence of elder abuse (EA) deploying critical appraisal with modified AMSTAR-2 instrument.
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Abstract
Objective

Elder abuse, an important human rights issue and public health problem, contributes to increased disability and mortality. In the last decades, several reviews have synthesized primary studies to determine its prevalence. This umbrella review aimed to estimate the worldwide overall prevalence rate of elder abuse in the community and care setting.

Methods

Following prospective registration at PROSPERO (CRD42021281866) we conducted a search of eight electronic databases to identify systematic reviews from inception until 17 January 2023. The corrected covered area was calculated to estimate the potential overlap of primary studies between reviews. The quality of the selected reviews was assessed using a modified AMSTAR-2 instrument. We extracted data on the prevalence of any type of elder (people aged 60 years old or older) abuse in the community and care setting.

Results

There were 16 systematic reviews retrieved between 2007 and 2022, out of which ten captured prevalence globally, three in Iran, one in Turkey, one in China and one in Brazil. The 16 reviews included 136 primary studies in total between 1988 and 2020. The overlapping of studies between reviews was found to be moderate (5.5%). The quality of reviews was low (2, 12.5%) or critically low (14, 87.5%). The estimated range of global prevalence of overall elder abuse was wide (1.1–78%), while the estimations of specific abuse prevalence ranged from 0–81.8% for neglect, 1.1–78.9% for psychological abuse, 0.7–78.3% for financial abuse, 0.1–67.7% for physical abuse, and 0–59.2% for sexual abuse.

Conclusions

Although the low quality of the evidence and the heterogeneity of the phenomenon makes it hard to give precise prevalence data, it is without a question that elder abuse is a prevalent problem with a wide dispersion. The focus of attention should shift towards interventions and policymaking to prevent this form of abuse.

Keywords:
Elder abuse
Neglect
Aging
Global health
Systematic review
Umbrella review
Resumen
Objetivo

El abuso de personas mayores, una cuestión importante de derechos humanos y un problema de salud pública, contribuye a aumentar la discapacidad y la mortalidad. En las últimas décadas, varias revisiones sistemáticas han sintetizado estudios primarios para determinar su prevalencia. El objetivo de esta revisión paraguas fue estimar la tasa de prevalencia mundial del abuso de personas mayores en los ámbitos comunitario y de cuidados.

Metodología

Tras el registro prospectivo en PROSPERO (CRD42021281866), llevamos a cabo una búsqueda en 8 bases de datos electrónicas para identificar revisiones sistemáticas desde el inicio hasta el 17 de enero de 2023. Se calculó el área cubierta corregida para estimar el posible solapamiento de estudios primarios entre las revisiones sistemáticas incluidas. La calidad de las revisiones seleccionadas fue evaluada con una versión modificada del instrumento AMSTAR-2. Se extrajeron datos de prevalencia de cualquier tipo de abuso de mayores (personas de 60 o más años) en los ámbitos comunitario y de cuidados.

Resultados

Se identificaron 16 revisiones sistemáticas entre 2007 y 2022, de las cuales 10 estimaron la prevalencia a nivel mundial, 3 en Irán, una en Turquía, otra en China y una última en Brasil. Estas 16 revisiones incluían 136 estudios primarios entre 1988 y 2020. El solapamiento de estudios primarios entre revisiones sistemáticas fue moderado (5,5%). La calidad de las revisiones fue baja (2; 12,5%) o críticamente baja (14; 87,5%). El rango estimado de prevalencia global de abuso en general de personas mayores fue amplio (1,1-78%). El rango estimado de abuso específico osciló entre el 0-81,8% para negligencia, el 1,1-78,9% para abuso psicológico, el 0,7-78,3% para abuso económico, el 0,1-67,7% para abuso físico, y el 0-59,2% para abuso sexual.

Conclusiones

Aunque la baja calidad de la evidencia y la heterogeneidad del fenómeno dificulta proporcionar un valor de prevalencia preciso, el abuso de personas mayores es un problema prevalente con una amplia dispersión. La atención debe centrarse en las intervenciones y la formulación de políticas para prevenir esta forma de maltrato.

Palabras clave:
Abuso de mayores
Negligencia
Envejecimiento
Salud global
Revisión sistemática
Revisión paraguas

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