LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Knowledge about Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya in Latin American students, 2016
C.M. Rios-Gonzáleza,b,
, C. Díaz-Vélezc
Corresponding author
carlosmigue_rios@live.com
Corresponding author at: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Cnel. Oviedo, Paraguay. Tel.: +59 5971708328.
Corresponding author at: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Cnel. Oviedo, Paraguay. Tel.: +59 5971708328.
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Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Scheduled for Ambulatory Surgery Girish P. Joshi, MBBS, MD, FFARSCI,* Saravanan P. Ankichetty, MD, DA, MBA,† Tong J. Gan, MD, MHS, FRCA,‡ and Frances Chung, MBBS, FRCPC†.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "B.I. Garduño-Chávez, D. Palacios-Rios, G.M. Cornejo" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "B.I." "apellidos" => "Garduño-Chávez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Palacios-Rios" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G.M." "apellidos" => "Cornejo" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1665579616300643?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/16655796/0000001800000071/v1_201608180032/S1665579616300643/v1_201608180032/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">LETTER TO THE EDITOR</span>" "titulo" => "Knowledge about Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya in Latin American students, 2016" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "134" "paginaFinal" => "135" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "C.M. Rios-González, C. Díaz-Vélez" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "C.M." "apellidos" => "Rios-González" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "carlosmigue_rios@live.com" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Díaz-Vélez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Cnel. Oviedo, Paraguay" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina, Mérida, Venezuela" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Martin de Porres, Filial Norte, Chiclayo, Peru" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author at: Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Cnel. Oviedo, Paraguay. Tel.: +59 5971708328." ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the data reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), vector-borne diseases currently make up more than 17% of all infectious diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Up to 2014, approximately, the dengue virus (DENV) was the only infection transmitted by the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aedes aegypti</span> mosquito. But from 2015 onwards, there have been an important number of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) cases and, as another arbovirus causing important infections,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> the Zika virus (ZIKV) has also shown its first reported cases of infection in Brasil and Colombia.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To the effect of knowing the level of knowledge that the Latin American students of medicine have on these viruses, a transversal observational study was performed via videoconference on DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV epidemiology in Latin America, Organized by the Standing Committee on Medical Education of the American Federation of Scientific Societies of Medical Students (or FELSOCEM, by its Spanish acronym). A questionnaire using Google Docs was designed to collect the information, with 19 questions divided into 2 sections. The first 4 asked about sociodemographic variables, and the second 15 asked about the students’ level of knowledge. A score of 0–8 was considered a low level of knowledge, a score of 9–13 was considered an average level of knowledge, and a score of 14 or 15 was considered a high level of knowledge. One hundred and sixty eight randomly selected medical students participated in our videoconference study. 20.36% (34) were from Ecuador, 11.98% (20) were from Venezuela, and 10.78% (18) were from Paraguay, the largest age group was from 18 to 22 years old, and the majority of the participants were male (56.89%, 95) The predominant level of knowledge was average (80.84%, 135) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). All of the participants knew the preventative measures and the methods to combat the vector, and the lowest percentage of successful answers were to the questions on general signs and symptoms.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There have been many studies whose objective were to measure the level of knowledge of the dengue virus, but there are few to none with the same objective for the Zika or the Chikungunya viruses. The results found on the level of knowledge of DENV were similar to those found by Hernandez et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> where the predominant result was average. While the medical students’ overall level of knowledge was average, it is important to note that there were no students with a high level of knowledge of these 3 arboviral pathologies, so extracurricular activities, such as conferences and educational talks, are of utmost importance in the students’ comprehensive training and knowledge of emerging pathologies, which can affect the Latin-American countries very frequently.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Funding</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No financial support was provided.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2016-03-08" "fechaAceptado" => "2016-03-21" "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Gender</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Male \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">95 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56.89 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43.11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18–22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">102 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61.08 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>23–27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">48 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28.74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28 or more \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Country</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Argentina \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bolivia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Brazil \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Chile \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.59 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Colombia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.58 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ecuador \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20.36 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>El Salvador \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Guatemala \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1.20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Honduras \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.79 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mexico \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Panama \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5.39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Paraguay \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.78 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Peru \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Venezuela \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11.98 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Level of knowledge</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Average \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">135 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">80.84 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1182401.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">General characteristics of the medical students participating in the videoconference, February 2016.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Centro de prensa: Enfermedades transmitidas por vectores" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Organización Mundial de la Salud" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2016" "editorial" => "OMS" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Chikungunya, the emerging migratory rheumatism" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P. Alfaro-Toloza" 1 => "D.E. Clouet-Huerta" 2 => "A.J. Rodríguez-Morales" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S1473-3099(15)70160-X" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet Infect Dis" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "510" "paginaFinal" => "512" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25932584" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Zika: the new arbovirus threat for Latin America" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A.J. Rodríguez-Morales" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Infect Dev Ctries" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "684" "paginaFinal" => "685" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26142684" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Preparación del estudiante de Medicina en prevención y control del dengue" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Hernández" 1 => "D. Olivera" 2 => "M. Alonso-Reyes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Edumecentro" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "174" "paginaFinal" => "187" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/16655796/0000001800000071/v1_201608180032/S166557961630059X/v1_201608180032/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "57880" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letter to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/16655796/0000001800000071/v1_201608180032/S166557961630059X/v1_201608180032/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S166557961630059X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2024 October | 7 | 3 | 10 |
| 2024 September | 19 | 3 | 22 |
| 2024 August | 8 | 1 | 9 |
| 2024 July | 20 | 4 | 24 |
| 2024 June | 18 | 5 | 23 |
| 2024 May | 10 | 7 | 17 |
| 2024 April | 24 | 6 | 30 |
| 2024 March | 26 | 5 | 31 |
| 2024 February | 17 | 5 | 22 |
| 2024 January | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2023 December | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2023 November | 14 | 6 | 20 |
| 2023 October | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2023 September | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2023 August | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2023 July | 13 | 3 | 16 |
| 2023 June | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2023 May | 14 | 6 | 20 |
| 2023 April | 10 | 1 | 11 |
| 2023 March | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2023 February | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2023 January | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2022 December | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2022 November | 15 | 7 | 22 |
| 2022 October | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| 2022 September | 14 | 3 | 17 |
| 2022 August | 23 | 6 | 29 |
| 2022 July | 11 | 8 | 19 |
| 2022 June | 14 | 10 | 24 |
| 2022 May | 15 | 5 | 20 |
| 2022 April | 29 | 10 | 39 |
| 2022 March | 20 | 9 | 29 |
| 2022 February | 10 | 5 | 15 |
| 2022 January | 24 | 6 | 30 |
| 2021 December | 21 | 10 | 31 |
| 2021 November | 18 | 6 | 24 |
| 2021 October | 11 | 20 | 31 |
| 2021 September | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2021 August | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2021 July | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2021 June | 11 | 5 | 16 |
| 2021 May | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2021 April | 16 | 10 | 26 |
| 2021 March | 19 | 4 | 23 |
| 2021 February | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2021 January | 13 | 12 | 25 |
| 2020 December | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| 2020 November | 9 | 2 | 11 |
| 2020 October | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2020 September | 13 | 9 | 22 |
| 2020 August | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2020 July | 16 | 10 | 26 |
| 2020 June | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2020 May | 21 | 12 | 33 |
| 2020 April | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2020 March | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2020 February | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2020 January | 12 | 6 | 18 |
| 2019 December | 15 | 10 | 25 |
| 2019 November | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2019 October | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| 2019 September | 11 | 1 | 12 |
| 2019 August | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2019 July | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2019 June | 22 | 18 | 40 |
| 2019 May | 59 | 18 | 77 |
| 2019 April | 30 | 26 | 56 |
| 2019 March | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2019 February | 8 | 6 | 14 |
| 2019 January | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2018 December | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2018 November | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2018 October | 11 | 10 | 21 |
| 2018 September | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2018 August | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2018 July | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2018 June | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2018 May | 9 | 6 | 15 |
| 2018 April | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2018 March | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2018 February | 11 | 2 | 13 |
| 2018 January | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2017 December | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 November | 12 | 1 | 13 |
| 2017 October | 14 | 3 | 17 |
| 2017 September | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2017 August | 18 | 18 | 36 |
| 2017 July | 18 | 1 | 19 |
| 2017 June | 24 | 8 | 32 |
| 2017 May | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2017 April | 17 | 1 | 18 |
| 2017 March | 39 | 20 | 59 |
| 2017 February | 15 | 4 | 19 |
| 2017 January | 20 | 2 | 22 |
| 2016 December | 36 | 10 | 46 |
| 2016 November | 49 | 12 | 61 |
| 2016 October | 74 | 16 | 90 |
| 2016 September | 52 | 30 | 82 |
| 2016 August | 46 | 13 | 59 |
| 2016 July | 0 | 35 | 35 |
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