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Letter to the Editor
Bilateral anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy in a patient with haemochromatosis
Neuropatía óptica isquémica anterior bilateral en paciente con hemocromatosis
P. Cifuentes-Canorea
Corresponding author
, R. Gutierrez-Bonet, J. García-Feijoo, E. Santos-Bueso
Departamento de Neurooftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy &#40;AION&#41; is a frequent cause of painless sudden vision loss&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> There are 2 types of AION&#58; arteritic and non-arteritic&#46; Arteritic AION&#44; which is mainly due to giant-cell arteritis &#40;or temporal arteritis&#41;&#44; requires early treatment with corticosteroids&#46; Non-arteritic AION&#44; on the other hand&#44; is more frequent and has a multifactorial aetiology&#59; no specific treatment is available for this type of AION&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> We present a case of bilateral non-arteritic AION in a patient with haemochromatosis&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our patient was a 65-year-old man who visited the emergency department due to sudden vision loss&#44; with onset of loss of part of the visual field in the left eye occurring 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>hours previously&#59; he reported no other associated symptoms&#46; The ophthalmologic examination evidenced a visual acuity of 0&#46;6&#44; vision loss in the lower hemifield&#44; afferent pupillary defect&#44; and diffuse papilloedema with peripapillary haemorrhages in the left eye&#46; The right eye displayed visual acuity of 0&#46;9&#59; the eye fundus examination revealed no alterations&#46; After gathering the anamnesis &#40;the patient reported no accompanying systemic symptoms&#41;&#44; we conducted a thorough neurological examination and a complete analysis which revealed normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels&#46; Our patient was diagnosed with non-arteritic anterior optic neuropathy and received no treatment&#46; We scheduled a follow-up visit to conduct complementary tests&#46; Six months later&#44; our patient returned to the emergency department with the same symptoms in his right eye&#46; An ophthalmologic examination revealed a visual acuity of 0&#46;3 in the right eye and 0&#46;5 in the left eye&#46; There was partial vision loss in the lower hemifield of the right eye and complete vision loss in the lower hemifield of the left eye&#44; afferent pupillary defect and papilloedema involving the upper sector in association with haemorrhages in the right eye and papillary atrophy in the left eye&#46; Subsequent examinations found no cardiovascular risk factors&#59; a complete analysis ruled out coagulation disorders&#44; congenital or acquired hypercoagulability&#44; and presence of autoantibodies&#46; A brain and spinal cord MRI study&#44; an echocardiogram&#44; and a Doppler ultrasound study of the supra-aortic trunks all revealed no alterations&#46; CSF analysis yielded normal results&#46; Additional&#44; more thorough analyses revealed high transferrin saturation and elevated iron and ferritin levels in serum&#46; These findings led to a diagnosis of haemochromatosis&#44; which was subsequently confirmed by the presence of a homozygous mutation in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C282Y</span>&#46; After more than 4 years of follow-up&#44; our patient has experienced no further relapses and examinations reveal no changes&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Haemochromatosis is a systemic disorder caused by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in body tissues&#46; Although the most frequent form is hereditary&#44; haemochromatosis can also be acquired&#46; Since abnormal iron accumulation may interfere in oxygen radical generation and in the alteration of vascular endothelial cells&#44; it could therefore increase the risk of infarction&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In our case&#44; vascular alterations may have affected the optic nerve and resulted in optic nerve infarction&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The literature has reported various ocular alterations secondary to iron accumulation&#44; such as cataracts or Kayser-Fleischer rings in patients with keratoconus&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> To our knowledge&#44; this is the first case of bilateral anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy in a patient with haemocromatosis as the sole risk factor&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 21735808
Original language: English
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es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos