metricas
covid
Buscar en
Neurología (English Edition)
Toda la web
Inicio Neurología (English Edition) Pollakiuria as a complex motor tic in a patient with Tourette syndrome
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Letter to the Editor
Pollakiuria as a complex motor tic in a patient with Tourette syndrome
Polaquiuria como tic motor complejo en un paciente con síndrome de Tourette
R. García-Ramos
Corresponding author
garciaramosg@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, E. López Valdés
Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Read
12018
Times
was read the article
974
Total PDF
11044
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:25 [
  "pii" => "S2173580819300197"
  "issn" => "21735808"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.02.013"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01"
  "aid" => "1058"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neurología"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2017"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "cor"
  "cita" => "Neurologia. 2020;35:46-7"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 605
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 31
      "HTML" => 480
      "PDF" => 94
    ]
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:20 [
      "pii" => "S0213485317301524"
      "issn" => "02134853"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrl.2017.02.014"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01"
      "aid" => "1058"
      "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neurología"
      "documento" => "simple-article"
      "crossmark" => 1
      "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
      "subdocumento" => "cor"
      "cita" => "Neurologia. 2020;35:46-7"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => true
        "ES2" => true
        "LATM" => true
      ]
      "gratuito" => true
      "lecturas" => array:2 [
        "total" => 869
        "formatos" => array:3 [
          "EPUB" => 53
          "HTML" => 509
          "PDF" => 307
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:10 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Carta al Editor</span>"
        "titulo" => "Polaquiuria como tic motor complejo en un paciente con s&#237;ndrome de Tourette"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "46"
            "paginaFinal" => "47"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Pollakiuria as a complex motor tic in a patient with Tourette syndrome"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Garc&#237;a-Ramos, E&#46; L&#243;pez Vald&#233;s"
            "autores" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "R&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a-Ramos"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "E&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "L&#243;pez Vald&#233;s"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2173580819300197"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.02.013"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => true
            "ES2" => true
            "LATM" => true
          ]
          "gratuito" => true
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580819300197?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485317301524?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
      "url" => "/02134853/0000003500000001/v1_202003180804/S0213485317301524/v1_202003180804/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S217358081930029X"
    "issn" => "21735808"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2019.02.006"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01"
    "aid" => "1086"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Neurologia. 2020;35:47-9"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 181
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 36
        "HTML" => 84
        "PDF" => 61
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
      "titulo" => "Scurvy and Wernicke&#39;s encephalopathy&#58; An underdiagnosed association&#63;"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "47"
          "paginaFinal" => "49"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Encefalopat&#237;a de Wernicke-escorbuto&#44; &#191;una asociaci&#243;n infradiagnosticada&#63;"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0010"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1050
              "Ancho" => 1400
              "Tamanyo" => 129133
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; Gingivitis and teeth deformities&#46; &#40;B&#41; Dermoscopic image of a corkscrew hair&#46; &#40;C&#41; Dermoscopic image of follicular purpura&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "J&#46; Villacieros-&#193;lvarez, P&#46; Chicharro, S&#46; Trillo, A&#46; Barbosa"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "J&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Villacieros-&#193;lvarez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "P&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Chicharro"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Trillo"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Barbosa"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0213485317302256"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrl.2017.05.011"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485317302256?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S217358081930029X?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/21735808/0000003500000001/v1_202004040635/S217358081930029X/v1_202004040635/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:20 [
    "pii" => "S2173580819300598"
    "issn" => "21735808"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.05.005"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-01-01"
    "aid" => "1091"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neurolog&#237;a"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "rev"
    "cita" => "Neurologia. 2020;35:40-5"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 104
      "formatos" => array:2 [
        "EPUB" => 25
        "PDF" => 79
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:12 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Review</span>"
      "titulo" => "Early electrophysiological findings in Fisher-Bickerstaff syndrome"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "40"
          "paginaFinal" => "45"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Hallazgos electrofisiol&#243;gicos precoces en s&#237;ndrome Fisher-Bickerstaff"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "M&#46;A&#46; Alberti, M&#46; Povedano, J&#46; Montero, C&#46; Casasnovas"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Alberti"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Povedano"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "J&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Montero"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "C&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Casasnovas"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0213485317302414"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrl.2017.05.012"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485317302414?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580819300598?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/21735808/0000003500000001/v1_202004040635/S2173580819300598/v1_202004040635/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:13 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
    "titulo" => "Pollakiuria as a complex motor tic in a patient with Tourette syndrome"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "saludo" => "Dear Editor&#44;"
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "46"
        "paginaFinal" => "47"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Garc&#237;a-Ramos, E&#46; L&#243;pez Vald&#233;s"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "R&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a-Ramos"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "garciaramosg@yahoo.es"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "E&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "L&#243;pez Vald&#233;s"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento&#44; Servicio de Neurolog&#237;a&#44; Hospital Cl&#237;nico San Carlos&#44; Universidad Complutense de Madrid&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Polaquiuria como tic motor complejo en un paciente con s&#237;ndrome de Tourette"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tourette syndrome &#40;TS&#41; is a condition with onset in childhood&#44; characterised by motor and phonic tics&#44; and such associated psychiatric disorders as obsessive-compulsive disorder &#40;OCD&#41; and attention-deficit&#47;hyperactivity disorder&#59; patients with TS present a wide variety of phenotypes&#46; It is believed to be caused by a dysfunction of different cortical circuits&#44; especially in the fronto-parietal cortex and basal ganglia&#44; which explains the clinical heterogeneity of the syndrome&#46; The current theory is that TS is caused by alterations in the brain&#39;s development and maturation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Pollakiuria is defined as an abnormal urinary frequency&#44; and has occasionally been described as a tic in children with TS or paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> There are no reported cases of pollakiuria in adults diagnosed with TS&#46; We describe an adult case of TS and pollakiuria&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our patient was a 46-year-old man with OCD&#44; hypothyrodism&#44; and TS diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria since childhood&#44; with simple and complex motor and phonic tics&#46; He responded well to tetrabenazine &#40;125<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day&#41;&#46; He had been treated for depression or anxiety disorder by the psychiatry department&#59; at some point during this treatment&#44; he presented benzodiazepine overuse&#46; In January 2012&#44; as he presented good emotional control and no tics&#44; the patient himself decided to progressively discontinue all medication &#40;tetrabenazine at 125<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day and dipotassium clorazepate at 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day&#41;&#46; In November 2012&#44; he consulted due to a history of pollakiuria of several months&#8217; duration&#44; reporting a urinary frequency of up to 50 times a day&#44; which incapacitated him&#46; The patient reported perineal and left inguinal pain&#44; which was alleviated when he urinated&#46; Pain was diffuse&#44; dull&#44; of short duration&#44; and paroxysmal&#44; and was exacerbated by sitting&#46; The symptoms incapacitated him fully&#44; preventing him from going outdoors or living independently&#46; He reported no symptoms suggesting depression or anxiety recurrence&#46; Months before his follow-up appointment&#44; he had already consulted with the urology department&#44; which requested the following tests&#58; lumbar MRI scan&#44; urinary tract and abdomen and pelvis ultrasounds&#44; cystography&#44; urine culture&#44; blood analysis&#44; urodynamic study&#44; and EMG of the pelvic wall&#59; all tests yielded normal results&#46; At the time of consultation&#44; he reported having used antimuscarinic drugs with no benefits&#46; The neurological examination identified no abnormalities&#46; This was a case of pollakiuria as a response to several months&#8217; history of genital pain with no bladder&#44; prostate&#44; or genital lesion&#46; Since no alterations were found in the neurological examination&#44; lumbar MRI scan&#44; or EMG&#44; we also ruled out lumbosacral neuromuscular disease&#46; Considering the reported symptoms&#44; we considered the possibility of a motor tic or compulsion&#46; We believed the pain to be a premonitory sensation and urination to be the motor pattern alleviating pain&#59; therefore&#44; our initial diagnostic hypothesis was a complex motor tic&#44; to be treated with aripiprazole at 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day&#46; One month after treatment onset&#44; the patient was asymptomatic and reported no adverse effects&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Obsessive-compulsive disorder&#44; or anakastic personality disorder&#44; shares many features with TS&#58; both mainly affect young patients&#44; present a remitting course and premonitory sensation prior to motor tic&#44; and may be associated with complex motor rituals&#46; Between 25&#37; and 50&#37; of patients with TS present OCD and 20&#37;&#8211;30&#37; of OCD patients have tics&#46; Therefore&#44; in a patient with TS presenting complex motor rituals&#44; a differential diagnosis of tics and compulsion should be performed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The function of compulsion is to alleviate an obsession or the anxiety caused by an unpleasant intrusive thought&#46; However&#44; tics involve a premonitory sensation which can be defined as a sense of urgency to perform the movement&#44; although it may also be a physical symptom localised in the area where the tic occurs&#46; In our patient&#44; the genital pain&#44; alleviated by urination&#44; may be considered the premonitory sensation that appears by definition before the tic&#46; Urinating would be the complex motor tic&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Interoception is the capacity to perceive sensations originating in the internal organs of the body&#46; Increased perception of the need to urinate may also be considered as heightened interoception in our patient&#46; Increased interoceptive capacity has been related to increased perception of the premonitory sensation of tics&#44; which in turn has been associated with more severe tics&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Our patient&#39;s pollakiuria may be considered a severe complex motor tic causing a significant limitation to his daily life&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is important to identify the symptoms of patients displaying complex motor rituals in order to select an appropriate therapeutic approach&#44; since compulsion and tic require different treatments&#46; Aripiprazole is a well-tolerated drug which achieves adequate control of tics&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pollakiuria in an adult patient with TS should raise suspicion of the possibility of a complex motor tic&#44; which would require an adjustment of the therapeutic approach&#46;</p></span>"
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:2 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Garc&#237;a-Ramos R&#44; L&#243;pez Vald&#233;s E&#46; Polaquiuria como tic motor complejo en un paciente con s&#237;ndrome de Tourette&#46; Neurolog&#237;a&#46; 2020&#59;35&#58;46&#8211;47&#46;</p>"
      ]
      1 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">This study was presented in poster format at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the SEN&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:4 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Tics and Tourette&#39;s&#58; Update on pathophysiology and tic control"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Ganos"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1097/WCO.0000000000000356"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Curr Opin Neurol"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "513"
                        "paginaFinal" => "518"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27310537"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Pollakiuria in children with tic disorders"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "H&#46;S&#46; Wang"
                            1 => "H&#46;L&#46; Chang"
                            2 => "S&#46;W&#46; Chang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chang Gung Med J"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "773"
                        "paginaFinal" => "778"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16422183"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Repetitive behaviours in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome&#58; Tics&#44; compulsions&#44; or both&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Worbe"
                            1 => "L&#46; Mallet"
                            2 => "J&#46;L&#46; Golmard"
                            3 => "C&#46; B&#233;har"
                            4 => "F&#46; Durif"
                            5 => "I&#46; Jalenques"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1371/journal.pone.0012959"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "PLoS ONE"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "e12959"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20885982"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Aripiprazole for Tourette&#39;s syndrome&#58; a systematic review and meta-analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "W&#46; Zheng"
                            1 => "X&#46;B&#46; Li"
                            2 => "Y&#46;Q&#46; Xiang"
                            3 => "B&#46;L&#46; Zhong"
                            4 => "H&#46;F&#46; Chiu"
                            5 => "G&#46;S&#46; Ungvari"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/hup.2498"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Hum Psychopharmacol"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "11"
                        "paginaFinal" => "18"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26310194"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21735808/0000003500000001/v1_202004040635/S2173580819300197/v1_202004040635/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "9409"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Letters to the editor"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21735808/0000003500000001/v1_202004040635/S2173580819300197/v1_202004040635/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580819300197?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]
Article information
ISSN: 21735808
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 November 127 3 130
2024 October 308 13 321
2024 September 321 19 340
2024 August 215 22 237
2024 July 228 15 243
2024 June 199 13 212
2024 May 248 20 268
2024 April 184 8 192
2024 March 267 18 285
2024 February 203 24 227
2024 January 308 20 328
2023 December 269 16 285
2023 November 241 9 250
2023 October 334 14 348
2023 September 178 9 187
2023 August 230 7 237
2023 July 274 7 281
2023 June 186 14 200
2023 May 253 21 274
2023 April 212 12 224
2023 March 171 12 183
2023 February 149 23 172
2023 January 146 11 157
2022 December 137 13 150
2022 November 157 20 177
2022 October 140 14 154
2022 September 197 10 207
2022 August 140 14 154
2022 July 192 19 211
2022 June 152 14 166
2022 May 163 16 179
2022 April 212 17 229
2022 March 181 17 198
2022 February 212 12 224
2022 January 149 14 163
2021 December 103 9 112
2021 November 147 18 165
2021 October 198 34 232
2021 September 131 27 158
2021 August 127 21 148
2021 July 160 19 179
2021 June 105 12 117
2021 May 144 13 157
2021 April 516 48 564
2021 March 351 15 366
2021 February 207 12 219
2021 January 180 26 206
2020 December 172 13 185
2020 November 155 23 178
2020 October 119 10 129
2020 September 107 14 121
2020 August 93 9 102
2020 July 130 12 142
2020 June 86 5 91
2020 May 17 10 27
2020 April 16 12 28
2020 March 10 6 16
2020 February 12 5 17
2020 January 16 7 23
2019 December 51 8 59
2019 November 94 14 108
2019 October 50 3 53
2019 September 85 1 86
2019 August 10 0 10
2019 July 18 11 29
2019 June 53 20 73
2019 May 68 26 94
2019 April 25 0 25
2019 March 5 1 6
Show all

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos