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Molero-Mateo, F. Molina-Rueda" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Molero-Mateo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Molina-Rueda" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0213485322000299" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrl.2022.01.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485322000299?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580823000330?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735808/0000003900000006/v1_202406190445/S2173580823000330/v1_202406190445/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2173580823000263" "issn" => "21735808" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrleng.2023.04.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-07-01" "aid" => "1699" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neurología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Neurologia. 2024;39:486-95" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Primary central nervous system vasculitis: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A series of 7 patients" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "486" "paginaFinal" => "495" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Vasculitis primarias del sistema nervioso central: reto diagnóstico y terapéutico. Serie de 7 pacientes" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2235 "Ancho" => 2182 "Tamanyo" => 459404 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Brain MRI scan from patient 1. A) T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences showing a hyperintense lesion in the corpus callosum. B) Decrease in the size of the lesion at 6 months of follow-up. C) Development of a new lesion in the right temporal lobe, showing contrast uptake and increased intensity on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences, at 18 months of follow-up.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a></p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "N. Ruiz-Nieto, H. Aparicio-Collado, A. Segura-Cerdá, L. Barea-Moya, A. Zahonero-Ferriz, M.S. Campillo-Alpera, C. Vilar-Fabra" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Ruiz-Nieto" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "H." "apellidos" => "Aparicio-Collado" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Segura-Cerdá" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Barea-Moya" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Zahonero-Ferriz" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.S." "apellidos" => "Campillo-Alpera" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Vilar-Fabra" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0213485321002796" "doi" => "10.1016/j.nrl.2021.08.008" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213485321002796?idApp=UINPBA00004N" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2173580823000263?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/21735808/0000003900000006/v1_202406190445/S2173580823000263/v1_202406190445/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Increased plasma levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as biomarker for the diagnosis of cardioembolic ischaemic stroke" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "496" "paginaFinal" => "504" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J.A. García-Carmona, E. Conesa-García, D. Vidal-Mena, M. González-Morales, V. Ramos-Arenas, C. Sánchez-Vizcaíno-Buendía, J.J. Soria-Torrecillas, J.A. Pérez-Vicente, L. García-de-Guadiana-Romualdo" "autores" => array:9 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "García-Carmona" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "dr.jagarcar@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Conesa-García" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Vidal-Mena" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "González-Morales" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Ramos-Arenas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Sánchez-Vizcaíno-Buendía" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Soria-Torrecillas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "Pérez-Vicente" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "García-de-Guadiana-Romualdo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Laboratory Medicine Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unit of Neurovascular, Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Head of Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Aumento de los niveles plasmáticos del péptido natriurético N-terminal pro-B (NT-proBNP) como biomarcador para el diagnóstico del ictus isquémico cardioembólico" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1333 "Ancho" => 2500 "Tamanyo" => 154758 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Kaplan–Meier survival curves at 90 days. (A) Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival between cardioembolic and non-cardioembolic stroke groups. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival of patients with a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL. The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> values were obtained from the log rank tests. Abv: CE<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cardioembolic stroke, NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Stroke is the most frequent cause of permanent disability in adulthood and one of the leading causes of death in Spain and worldwide.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> In particular, the incidence of stroke is 187/100,000 inhabitants in Spain.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The diagnosis of stroke is more difficult in the first hours, mainly if the onset is unknown, the signs are atypical, the patient is agitated and access to the image is delayed. Etiologically, ischaemic stroke is classified according to different classification systems such as the TOAST classification<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> the ASCOD phenotyping system<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and the Causal System classification.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> All of them recognize the existence of ischaemic stroke of cardioembolic origin. Cardioembolic stroke has been associated with highest in-hospital mortality during the acute phase of stroke, higher rates of disability, neurological impairment, recurrence and worse prognosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> For these reasons, its diagnosis is of great importance for adequate treatment and correct secondary prevention. Despite a complete and exhaustive study, the origin of 35% of strokes is undetermined.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> In many of these cases, as well as in strokes of cardioembolic origin, the presence of a paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) arrhythmia is the triggering cause of the episode.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> In this regard; cardiac blood biomarkers represent an objective measurement of molecular characteristics which may help in the diagnosis.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The N-terminal pro-type-B natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is the proBNP's inactive residue released from the heart's left ventricle in response to wall stress through volume expansion and increased pressure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Its levels increase with heart failure, myocardial infarctions, atrial fibrillation and are higher in women and elderly.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> In the last few years, NT-proBNP emerged as a serum biomarker in stroke. A recent meta-analysis with data from 2834 patients demonstrated that natriuretic peptides are strongly increased in cardioembolic strokes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> Nonetheless, a cut-off value was not obtained. Only few small studies showed different NT-proBNP cut-off values (>200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL, >265.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL and >313<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL) to be associated with cardioembolic stroke.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–16</span></a> Furthermore, nautriuretic peptides have been found to correlate with stroke severity and mortality.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic ability of NT-proBNP for the identification of ischaemic stroke of cardioembolic origin. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of NT-proBNP for predicting 90-days all-cause mortality.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Study design and clinical protocol</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This is a prospective observational study including adult patients hospitalized by stroke at the Santa Lucia University Hospital from Cartagena, Spain; and designed following the STARD guidelines.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> The recruitment period was from March 1, 2019 to March 1, 2020. All adult patients (≥18 years) with clinically suspected stroke in Emergency Department were eligible for the study. Exclusion criteria were: presence of (a) solid tumours or lymphomas; (b) chronic and acute heart failure; (c) haemorrhagic stroke; (d) brain bleeding secondary to amyloid congophyl angiopathy, aneurysms, subarachnoid haemorrhage; (e) concomitant infections; (f) other complications such as epileptic seizures or acute myocardial infarction and (g) lack of analytical/clinical data.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Stroke diagnosis was performed by trained neurologists according to the World Health Organization definition<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> and confirmed by neuroimaging. Symptoms severity was assessed by using the National Institutes of Health<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> and the following variables related to the stroke were collected: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glucose, LDL-cholesterol and creatinine. Stroke acute treatment and its secondary prevention treatment were carried out by neurologists following approved clinical guidelines<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21–24</span></a> but not any specific treatment or intervention for this study. Patients’ medical history was reviewed and collected the following covariates: high blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, cardiac valvulopathy or shunt, chronic kidney disease, previous stroke, tobacco and alcohol consume, anticoagulants and antiplatelets intake.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Blood sampling and laboratory methods</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Blood samples were collected by venipuncture into tubes with separator gel (BD Vacutainer SST II Advance 8.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL) within the first 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of admission. Tubes were immediately centrifuged (3500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>rpm for 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min at room temperature) and separated serum was used for the immediate measurement of NT-proBNP, the results of which were not reported to the attending physicians.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Serum NT-proBNP levels were measured on a Cobas e702 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). According to manufacturer's data, detection limit, functional sensitivity and measurement range were 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL, 50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL and 10–35,000<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL, respectively.</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Continuous variables were tested for normal distribution using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov's test. Data are summarized as numbers and frequencies for categorical variables and medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) for continuous data. Comparisons between groups were performed with Chi-squared test for categorical data and Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> and Kruskal–Wallis for continuous data.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For the first purpose, discriminatory ability of NT-proBNP for cardioembolic stroke was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) and we additionally calculated the optimal ROC-derived cutoff value according to Youden Index. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with cardioembolic stroke. To achieve the best set of predictors, only variables with a statistical trend in univariate analysis (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.10) were selected for multivariate analysis. Covariates were retained in the final model if they were statistical significant with a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value of <0.05.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For the second purpose, ROC analysis with calculation of the AUC was performed to evaluate the utility of NT-proBNP for prognosis of all-cause mortality in all patients after 90 days. We identified independent predictors for 90-day mortality by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival curves, according to NT-proBNP quartiles, were constructed for comparison among survivors and non-survivors</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We performed analyses by using the software packages SPSS 21.0 (SPSS Inc., IL, USA) and MedCalc 15.0 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). In all tests, a two-sided <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value of <0.05 was considered significant.</p></span></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Results</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the study period, 207 consecutive patients with a suspected stroke at the time of first medical evaluation were recruited. After exclusion criteria were applied, 156 patients (72 women, 84 men; mean age: 69.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.9) were finally included, as showed in the study's protocol flowchart (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Baseline characteristics are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. Patients diagnosed with cardioembolic stroke were significantly older (75.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.010) and associated higher rates of atrial fibrillation/shunt or cardiac valvulopathy (76%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) and oral anticoagulants intake (44%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) versus other stroke groups. In contrast, the prevalence of smokers were significantly lower in the cardioembolic group (7%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.026). Finally, plasma LDL-cholesterol values were significantly higher (132.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.7; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.008) in the large-vessel stroke group and the NIHSS score were significantly lower in the small vessel group (2.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.5; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">NT-proBNP in ischaemic stroke sub-types</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We compared the plasma levels of NT-proBNP in each group of stroke by TOAST classification: small vessel disease stroke (SVo), large artery atherothrombosis stroke (LAA), cardioembolic stroke (CE) and stroke of undetermined cause (UND). As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 2</a>, Kruskal–Wallis revealed a significant increased NT-proBNP plasma levels in the cardioembolic stroke group (2069<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>488.5) versus the large vessel (293.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86.35; ***<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.0001), small vessel (185.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28.66; ***<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.0001) and undetermined (596.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>139.3; ##<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.0088) stroke groups.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">NT-proBNP cut-off value</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In supplementary material (A) is shown the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) of NT-proBNP for diagnosis of cardioembolic stroke which was 0.853 (CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.766–0.941; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001). As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>, Youden index indicated that the optimal cut-off value of NT-proBNP was 499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL (sensitivity 82%, specificity 80%).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">NT-proBNP and cardioembolic stroke</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A logistic bivariate regression analysis was used to truly establish the parameters independently associated with cardioembolic stroke. As shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>, bivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NT-proBNP plasma levels were independently associated to cardioembolic stroke (OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.01, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.00–1.02, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.003). Furthermore, bivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL were independently associated to cardioembolic stroke (OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9.881, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.831–34.489, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Cardioembolic stroke, NT-proBNP and mortality</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We examined the survival at 90 days in both, cardioembolic and no-cardioembolic stroke (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 3</a>A). Log rank (Mantel–Cox) showed no statistical differences (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.495) between cardioembolic (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3; 17.15%, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9.35–24.6) and no-cardioembolic (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9; 15.49%, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11.95–19.02) stroke in death, by all causes, at 90 days. Furthermore, we first obtained a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL cut-off value (COR curve: AUC<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.885, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.81–0.96%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001; sensitivity<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>70%, specificity<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>93%) to predict mortality at 90 days post-stroke (see supplementary material). Secondly we examined the prognostic value of a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL. Kaplan–Meier analysis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 3</a>B) revealed that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL were found to significantly (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) increase the mortality at 90 days (38.0%, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>32.2–53.8) after stroke versus lower plasma levels (12.5%, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10.19–14.93). In this regard, 8 of 12 deaths were in patients with NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL. In this subgroup of patients, 7 deaths were directly attributed to stroke severity and 1 was caused by traumatic car accident. The causes of death in the 4 patients with NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL were (all after hospital discharge): 2 sepsis, 1 heart attack and 1 intestinal haemorrhage in a patient anticoagulated by femoral artery occlusion.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Discussion</span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">NT-proBNP cut-off value</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results showed that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL was useful to predict cardioembolic stroke (sensitivity 82%, specificity 80%). In the last few years, different studies assessed an optimal cut-off value for discriminating the presence of a cardioembolic source. For example, Zecca et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> showed a level of NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL and calculated a 65% sensitivity and 82% specificity 0.82 while Hajsadeghi et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> showed a cut-off value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>342<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL (93% sensitivity, 73% specificity). A recent study showed that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>505<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL distinguished AF-related from noncardiac stroke with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 72%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Interestingly, cut-off value of NT-proBNP has been shown not only within 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of stroke but also 7 and 90 days after (NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>313; >181 and >174<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL, respectively).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Future research and meta-analysis are needed to establish a common, accurate and reliable NT-proBNP's cut-off value.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">NT-proBNP and cardioembolic stroke</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results demonstrated that NT-proBNP plasma levels were higher and independently associated to cardioembolic stroke. A large-scale European prospective study showed that levels of NT-proBNP are positively associated with ischaemic stroke, independently from several other risk factors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> In this line, a prospective study using the ARIC cohort demonstrated an association between NT-proBNP plasma levels and cardioembolic stroke but not with lacunar or haemorrhagic stroke.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> Furthermore, a recent prospective study showed that patients with cardioembolic stroke had higher NT-proBNP.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> Finally, a recent meta-analysis showed that both, BNP and NT-proBNP display closely equivalent diagnostic accuracies in distinguishing cardioembolic ischaemic stroke from non-cardioembolic, with NT-proBNP showing a superior specificity.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> Altogether, these results suggest that NT-proBNP could be a useful biomarker of cardioembolic stroke and therefore may help clinicians to select patients for further etiologic study with subcutaneous Holter monitor. Further research is needed to rule out the impact of NT-proBNP in the etiologic study in patients with undetermined cause of stroke.</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Stroke aetiology, NT-proBNP and mortality</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results demonstrated no differences in mortality within stroke sub-types while a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL showed increased mortality after 90days post-stroke. Mortality of ischaemic stroke has been widely studied in long-term. Nonetheless, short-term mortality has been scarcely studied and is about 8% after 30 days.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> According to previous studies<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> we found no differences in mortality between cardioembolic and no-cardioembolic stroke, by all causes, up-to 90 days. Nonetheless, that study showed an increased mortality in cardioembolic stroke group after 1 and 5 years. Moreover, Bjerkreima et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> showed cardioembolic stroke had a 34% higher risk of death within 5 years while small vessel occlusion had a 48% lower risk of death. In this regard, the risk of recurrent stroke is increased in cardioembolic stroke and, as previously shown; stroke recurrence may be associated with increased inhospital mortality.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a></p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Altogether, our data support previous findings indicating no differences in short-term mortality between subtypes of ischaemic stroke. In addition, recent evidence suggests that plasma levels of natriuretic peptides might be related to mortality after stroke. In particular, high BNP levels (>500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pmol/L) have been shown to be an independent prognostic value for mortality after stroke.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0360"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> A meta-analysis showed that high NT-proBNP plasma levels (>1453<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL) were independently associated to mortality post-stroke with no differences between stroke sub-type. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that NT-proBNP had an added value (discrete) respect to simple clinical variables in ranking patients at high risk of death after stroke.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> As suggested by Jickling and Foerch<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> the ability of NT-proBNP to predict mortality after stroke may relate to disease other than stroke. As previously showed, NT-proBNP is an independent predictor of mortality in cardiac dysfunction, in kidney disease,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> diabetes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> and cardiac surgery.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> Nonetheless, a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL value could be useful for clinicians to inform patients’ family about a poor prognosis at 90 days. Further research is needed to assess the specific management and better treatment in that group of patients with worse prognosis after stroke.</p></span></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Conclusions</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary, our results demonstrated that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL plasma levels may indicate an underlying cardiac cause which should be further studied. Furthermore, despite cardioembolic ischaemic stroke being not associated with higher mortality after 90 days; NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL plasma levels are associated with increased mortality. Therefore, NT-proBNP should be considered for blood testing within 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of stroke.</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Limits</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has several limitations that must be pointed out. First, we excluded patients with conditions which are able to enhance NT-proBNP plasma levels such as sepsis, malignant tumours, chronic or acute heart failure and haemorrhagic stroke. We excluded haemorrhagic stroke patients because a CT scan is mandatory in the diagnosis of acute stroke and then, the differential diagnosis between ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke is done. For the same reason, we found low mortality rates; therefore the results for mortality prediction should be interpreted with caution.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Secondly, although the NT-proBNP value is measured upon arrival at the hospital, the time from the onset of the stroke to the arrival of the patient is variable due to various causes such as the distance to the hospital or the underestimation of the symptoms by the patient or even an incorrect initial diagnosis. Nonetheless, hospital admission is an easily reproducible clinical time point, increasing the external validity of our study and facilitating the replication of our results in clinical practice.</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0155">Contributorship</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">ECG, DVM, VRA, MGM and JAGC collected data. JAGC, JAPV, LGGR, JJST, CSVB researched literature and designed the study. JAGC, LGGR were involved in protocol development, gaining ethical approval and data analysis. JAGC and LGGR wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed and edited the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript.</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0160">Ethical approval</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research Ethic Committee of the Murcia Health Service (E.O. 2020-37 BNPCS2020-01). No identifiable information was retained or is presented in this manuscript.</p></span><span id="sec0095" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0165">Informed consent</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Informed consent was not required for the present study because no additional blood tests were needed as recognized by the Ethical Committee.</p></span><span id="sec0100" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0170">Guarantor</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Not applicable.</p></span><span id="sec0105" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0175">Funding</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors neither received public or private funding nor grant to carry out this study.</p></span><span id="sec0110" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0180">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:18 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2167813" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Aims" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1838455" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2167812" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1838454" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Study design and clinical protocol" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Blood sampling and laboratory methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "NT-proBNP in ischaemic stroke sub-types" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "NT-proBNP cut-off value" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "NT-proBNP and cardioembolic stroke" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Cardioembolic stroke, NT-proBNP and mortality" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Discussion" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "NT-proBNP cut-off value" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "NT-proBNP and cardioembolic stroke" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Stroke aetiology, NT-proBNP and mortality" ] ] ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Limits" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0085" "titulo" => "Contributorship" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0090" "titulo" => "Ethical approval" ] 12 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0095" "titulo" => "Informed consent" ] 13 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0100" "titulo" => "Guarantor" ] 14 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0105" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 15 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0110" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 16 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack752263" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 17 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2021-03-06" "fechaAceptado" => "2021-09-24" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1838455" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "NT-proBNP" 1 => "Cardioembolic ischaemic stroke" 2 => "Stroke mortality" 3 => "Biomarkers" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1838454" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "NT-proBNP" 1 => "Ictus isquémico cardioembólico" 2 => "Mortalidad del ictus" 3 => "Biomarcadores" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Despite comprehensive study, the aetiology of stroke is not identified in 35% of cases.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Aims</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a study to assess the diagnostic capacity of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the identification of ischaemic stroke of cardioembolic origin. The secondary purpose of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of NT-proBNP for predicting 90-day all-cause mortality.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Methods</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We designed a prospective observational study including patients hospitalised due to stroke between March 2019 and March 2020. Blood samples were collected on admission to the emergency department and serum NT-proBNP levels were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using a bivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier curves. Statistical significance was established at <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.05.</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 207 patients with first ischaemic stroke. Plasma NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001) in the cardioembolic stroke group (2069<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>488.5). ROC curves showed that NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL was the optimum value for diagnosing cardioembolic ischaemic stroke (sensitivity, 82%; specificity, 80%). Moreover, plasma NT-proBNP levels<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL were independently associated with cardioembolic stroke (OR: 9.881; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001). Finally, NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL was useful for predicting 90-day mortality (sensitivity, 70%; specificity, 93%).</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">NT-proBNP was independently associated with cardioembolic stroke and should be quantified in blood tests within 24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h of stroke onset. High plasma levels (>499<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL) may indicate an underlying cardioembolic cause, which should be further studied, while NT-proBNP >1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL was associated with increased 90-day mortality.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Aims" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introducción</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A pesar de un completo y exhaustivo estudio, la etiología de un 35% de los ictus isquémicos es desconocida.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar la capacidad de diagnóstico del NT-proBNP en la identificación del ictus isquémico de origen cardioembólico. El objetivo secundario fue evaluar el valor pronóstico del NT-proBNP como predictor de mortalidad de cualquier causa tras 90 días del ictus.</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Métodos</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diseñamos un estudio observacional prospectivo, incluyendo pacientes hospitalizados por ictus. El periodo de reclutamiento fue de marzo de 2019 a marzo de 2020. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre a su admisión en Urgencias y se midieron los niveles plasmáticos de NT-proBNP. El análisis estadístico fue realizado mediante un modelo bivariado de regresión logística, curva de la característica operativa del receptor (curvas ROC) y curvas Kaplan-Meier. Se consideraron significativas diferencias con p < 0,05.</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Resultados</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fueron incluidos 207 pacientes con un primer episodio de ictus isquémico agudo. Los niveles de NT-proBNP fueron significativamente mayores (p < 0,001) en el grupo de ictus isquémico cardioembólico (2.069 ± 488,5). Las curvas ROC mostraron que un NT-proBNP > 499 pg/mL es el valor óptimo para el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico cardioembólico (sensibilidad 82%, especificidad 80%). Además, los niveles plasmáticos de NT-proBNP > 499 pg/mL estaban asociados de forma independiente con el ictus isquémico cardioembólico (OR = 9.881, p = 0,001). Finalmente, un valor de NT-proBNP > 1.500 pg/mL fue útil para predecir la mortalidad de cualquier causa 90 días tras el ictus isquémico (sensibilidad = 70%, especificidad = 93%).</p></span> <span id="abst0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El valor de NT-proBNP estaba asociado independientemente al ictus isquémico de origen cardioembólico y debería ser considerado su análisis en las primeras 24 h desde el inicio del ictus. Niveles elevados (NT-proBNP > 499 pg/mL) pueden indicar un origen cardioembólico subyacente, el cual debería ser estudiado con mayor detalle, mientras que niveles de NT-proBNP > 1.500 pg/mL se asociaron con un incremento de la mortalidad a los 90 días del ictus.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Introducción" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0045" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0050" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "apendice" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "apendice" => "<p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following are the supplementary data to this article:<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p>" "etiqueta" => "Appendix A" "titulo" => "Supplementary data" "identificador" => "sec0120" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:7 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1700 "Ancho" => 2169 "Tamanyo" => 253848 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Study's flowchart.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1301 "Ancho" => 2084 "Tamanyo" => 125386 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) plasma levels by ischaemic stroke sub-type. Data are expressed as the mean<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SEM. Kruskal–Wallis test: ***<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001 vs. SVo and LAA; ## vs. UND stroke. Abv: SVo<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>small vessel occlusion stroke (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>52); LAA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>large artery atherosclerosis stroke (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38); CE<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cardioembolic stroke (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>27); UND<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>undetermined aetiology stroke (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>39); NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1333 "Ancho" => 2500 "Tamanyo" => 154758 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Kaplan–Meier survival curves at 90 days. (A) Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival between cardioembolic and non-cardioembolic stroke groups. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves comparing survival of patients with a NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>pg/mL. The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> values were obtained from the log rank tests. Abv: CE<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cardioembolic stroke, NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abv: UND<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>undetermined; SVo<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>small vessel disease; LAA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>large artery atherothrombosis; CE<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cardioembolic; y<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years; HBP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>high blood pressure; DM<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>diabetes mellitus; DLP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>dyslipidemia; AF<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>atrial fibrillation; CKD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>chronic kidney disease; OACs<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>oral anticoagulants; SBP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>systolic blood pressure; DBP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>diastolic blood pressure; Glu<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>glucose; LDL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>low density lipoprotein; Cr<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>creatinin; NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>N-terminal-pro brain derived natriuretic Peptide; NIHSS<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>national institute health stroke scale.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>156 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">UND<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>39 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">SVo<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">LAA<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>38 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CE<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age (y</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">±</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SEM)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">69.3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">68.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">65.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">68.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">75.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.010</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sex (%)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.189 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Women \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">72 (46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 (51) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (32) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">14 (52) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Men \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">84 (54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">19 (49) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26 (50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">26 (68) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 (48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Patient's history (%)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>HBP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">115 (67) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">29 (74) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">31 (60) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">24 (63) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 (74) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.296 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">51 (30) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 (33) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">22 (42) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (24) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.016</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DLP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">82 (48) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 (52) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">28 (54) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">16 (42) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (37) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.360 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AF/valve/shunt \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 (14) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (31) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">21 (76) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Stroke \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">32 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 (18) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (16) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7 (26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.780 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CKD \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3 (8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.849 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tobacco \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">49 (29) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">18 (35) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">13 (34) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2 (7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.026</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Alcohol \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">33 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (23) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (19) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 (26) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.123 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>OACs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">23 (14) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1 (3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (44) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Antiplatelets \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">34 (20) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9 (23) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">12 (23) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6 (16) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4 (15) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.707 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="7" align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stroke parameters (±SEM)</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SBP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">142.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">139.1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">137.1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">142.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">141.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.629 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DBP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80.1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">78.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">79.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">79.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.953 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Glu \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">128.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">130.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">128.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">129.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">114.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.537 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LDL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">114.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.8 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100.0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">117.8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">132.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">103.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.008</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cr \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.54<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">3.64<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2.6 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.85<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.89<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.357 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NT-proBNP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">640.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>107.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">596.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>139.3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">185.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>28.7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">293.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2069.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>488.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>NIHSS score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.53<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">6.7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.0 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">7.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3571038.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients’ history and stroke related clinical parameters.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " colspan="3" align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">NT-proBNP cut-off points</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Value (pg/mL) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sensitivity (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Specificity (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Best sensitivity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">39.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">8.45 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">More sensitive \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">293 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Optimum value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">499 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">82 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Best specificity \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4797.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">11.1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3571039.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Best cut-off points to differentiate cardioembolic ischaemic stroke.</p>" ] ] 5 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abv: DM<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>diabetes mellitus; AF<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>atrial fibrillation; LDL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>low density lipoprotein; NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>N-terminal-pro brain derived natriuretic peptide.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IC95% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.999 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.949–1.055 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.986 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">DM \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">4.550 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.870–23.683 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.072 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AF/valve/shunt \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.395 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.126–1.237 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.111 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Tobacco \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5.866 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.598–57.575 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.129 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">LDL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.998 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.985–1.011 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.768 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NT-proBNP \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1.000–1.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.003</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NT-proBNP<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>499 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">9.881 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">2.831–34.489 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="char" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0.001</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab3571037.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Non-cardioembolic vs. cardioembolic stroke by bivariate logistic regression model.</p>" ] ] 6 => array:6 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "mmc1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1319 "Ancho" => 2917 "Tamanyo" => 164179 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Supplementary material: Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve for N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Receiver operating characteristic curve for determination of NT-proBNP levels as a graphic representation of the relationship between sensitivity (true-positive rate) and 1-specificity (false-positive rate). In (A), the area under the curve for NT-proBNP (area under the curve, 0.853; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) summarizes the capacity of NT-proBNP as a valuable predictor of cardioembolic aetiology of patients with ischemic stroke; and in (B) is shown the area under the curve for NT-proBNP (area under the curve<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.885, CI95%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.81–0.96%; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001) summarizes the capacity of NT-proBNP as a valuable predictor of 90-days all cause of mortality after stroke.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:38 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "La carga de enfermedad en España: resultados del Estudio de la Carga Global de las Enfermedades 2016" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.B. 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Increased plasma levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as biomarker for the diagnosis of cardioembolic ischaemic stroke
Aumento de los niveles plasmáticos del péptido natriurético N-terminal pro-B (NT-proBNP) como biomarcador para el diagnóstico del ictus isquémico cardioembólico
J.A. García-Carmonaa,
, E. Conesa-Garcíaa, D. Vidal-Menaa, M. González-Moralesb, V. Ramos-Arenasb, C. Sánchez-Vizcaíno-Buendíaa,c, J.J. Soria-Torrecillasa, J.A. Pérez-Vicentea,d, L. García-de-Guadiana-Romualdob
Corresponding author
a Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
b Laboratory Medicine Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
c Unit of Neurovascular, Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
d Head of Department of Neurology, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
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Increased plasma levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as biomarker for the diagnosis of cardioembolic ischaemic stroke
J.A. García-Carmona, E. Conesa-García, D. Vidal-Mena, M. González-Morales, V. Ramos-Arenas, C. Sánchez-Vizcaíno-Buendía, J.J. Soria-Torrecillas, J.A. Pérez-Vicente, L. García-de-Guadiana-Romualdo
10.1016/j.nrleng.2021.09.016Neurologia. 2024;39:496-504