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Vol. 25. Issue 7.
Pages 430-434 (January 2010)
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Vol. 25. Issue 7.
Pages 430-434 (January 2010)
Original article
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Brain Atrophy in Clinically Isolated Syndrome
Atrofia cerebral en pacientes con síndrome desmielinizante aislado
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J.I. Rojasa,
Corresponding author
, L. Patruccoa, C. Besadab, L. Bengoleab, E. Cristianoa
a Sección de Neuroinmunología y Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
b Sección de Neurorradiología, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imágenes, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Abstract
Introduction

Previous reports have shown that brain atrophy appears early in the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether brain atrophy already exists in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) by comparing with a control sample.

Methods

Patients with CIS were included prospectively from June 2008 to June 2009. A control group of healthy persons, matched by age and gender with CIS, was also included during the same period of time. An automated analysis tool, SIENAX, was used to obtain total brain volume (TBV), gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV). Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the data.

Results

Twenty CIS patients and 30 healthy controls were included (8 vs. 17 females, p=0.11). Mean age for CIS was 35±6 years vs. 34.4±5 in controls (p=0.61). Mean EDSS in CIS was 1.1±0.5. Eighteen patients with CIS (90%) had abnormal baseline MRI. The TBV in CIS was 1.6μl±0.22μl×106 vs.1.65±0.15×106 in controls (p=0.005), the GMV in CIS was 0.58±0.05×106 vs. 0.67±0.03×106 in controls (p=0.001) and the WMV in CIS was 1±0.1×106 vs. 1.12±0.02×106 in controls (p=0.03).

Conclusions

This is the first study dealing with brain atrophy in a CIS sample from Latin America in which brain atrophy, mainly grey matter atrophy, was shown in early stages of the disease compared with healthy individuals.

Keywords:
Clinically isolated syndrome
Brain atrophy
SIENAX
Multiple sclerosis
Resumen
Introducción

Estudios previos demostraron que la atrofia cerebral (AC) aparece precozmente en esclerosis múltiple. Es nuestro objetivo evaluar la AC en pacientes con síndrome desmielinizante aislado (SDA) respecto a un grupo control en una población argentina.

Métodos

Se incluyó prospectivamente a pacientes con SDA durante el período junio de 2008 a junio de 2009. El grupo control estaba formado por sujetos sanos apareados por edad y sexo. Se utilizó el programa SIENAX para medir el volumen cerebral total (VCT), el volumen de sustancia gris (VSG) y de sustancia blanca (VSB) en cada grupo. Los datos se compararon con la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Se consideró significativo p<0,05.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 20 pacientes con SDA y 30 controles sanos (8 frente a 17 mujeres; p=0,11). La media de edad en SDA fue 35±6 frente a 34,4±5 años en controles (p=0.61). El EDSS de los pacientes con SDA fue 1,1±0,5; 18 pacientes (90%) con SDA tenían lesiones en la resonancia magnética cerebral. El VCT en SDA fue 1,6±0,22μl × 106 frente a 1,65±0,15 × 106 en controles (p=0,005); el VSG en SDA fue 0,58±0,05 × 106 frente a 0,67±0,03 × 106 en controles (p=0,001), y el VSB en SDA fue 1±0,1 × 106 frente a 1,12±0,02 × 106 en controles (p=0,03).

Conclusiones

Éste es el primer estudio en una población latinoamericana con SDA que demostró atrofia cerebral con predomino en la sustancia gris, respecto a un grupo control. Esta herramienta es coste-efectiva para la medición de la AC, aspecto poco estudiado en nuestro medio.

Palabras Claves:
Síndromes desmielinizantes aislados
Atrofia cerebral
SIENAX
Esclerosis múltiple
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Copyright © 2010. Sociedad Española de Neurología
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