Article information
Abstract
Introduction
There are publications in which various neurological diseases are analysed on film. However, no references have been found on movement disorders in this medium.
Methodology and resultsA total of 104 documents were collected and reviewed using the internet movie data base (IMDb). The majority were associated with dystonia, Parkinson's and tics, were American commercial productions, and the most common genre was drama.
DiscussionThe cinema usually depicts old men with developed Parkinson's disease. However, motor complications only appear in 19% and non-motor symptoms in 14%. The image of dystonia is generally that of a young man, with disabling dystonia secondary to childhood cerebral palsy. Tics appear associated with Tourette's syndrome, with the excessive use of obscene expressions and with very few references to other important aspects of this syndrome, such as mood and behavioural changes. The majority of tremors portrayed on film are associated with Parkinsonism and are not pathological. Myoclonus appears anecdotically and is normally symptomatic.
ConclusionsParkinson's disease is the type of movement disorder that the cinema portrays with greater neurological honesty and in a more dignified manner.
Keywords:
Parkinsonism
Dystonia
Tremor
Tics
Film
Resumen
Introducción
Hay publicaciones que analizan distintas afecciones neurológicas en el cine; sin embargo, no se han encontrado referencias sobre los trastornos del movimiento en dicho medio.
Metodología y resultadosSe han revisado 104 documentos, recopilados a través de la base de datos cinematográfica de internet (IMDb), entre los que predominan los relacionados con la distonía, el parkinsonismo y los tics. En su mayoría son producciones comerciales estadounidenses y el género más frecuente es el drama.
DiscusiónEl cine suele mostrar varones ancianos con enfermedad de Parkinson evolucionada; sin embargo, sólo en el 19% aparecen complicaciones motoras y en el 14%, sintomatología no motora. La imagen del distónico generalmente es la de un varón joven, con distonía discapacitante secundaria a parálisis cerebral infantil. Los tics aparecen asociados al síndrome de Tourette, con uso abusivo de expresiones coprolálicas y con escasas referencias a otros aspectos relevantes de este síndrome, como las alteraciones anímicas o conductuales. La mayor parte del temblor cinematográfico está relacionado con el parkinsonismo o no es patológico. Las mioclonías aparecen anecdóticamente y suelen ser sintomáticas.
ConclusionesLa enfermedad de Parkinson es el tipo de trastorno del movimiento que el cine aborda con mayor rigor neurológico y de una manera más digna.
Palabras clave:
Parkinsonismo
Distonía
Temblor
Tics
Cine
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