covid
Buscar en
Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Toda la web
Inicio Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología Coagulación intravascular diseminada: una complicación de la inducción del pa...
Journal Information
Vol. 47. Issue 10.
Pages 453-465 (January 2004)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 47. Issue 10.
Pages 453-465 (January 2004)
Full text access
Coagulación intravascular diseminada: una complicación de la inducción del parto con prostaglandinas
Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a complication of labor induction with prostaglandin
Visits
10842
C. Bedoyaa,
Corresponding author
carbed@supercable.es

Correspondencia: Avda. Blas Infante, 8-A, 4.°-4.a. 41011 Sevilla. España
, N. Gaitána, J. Gonzálezb
a Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Sevilla
b Servicio de Hematología. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Sevilla. España
This item has received
Article information
Objetivos

Estudiar 12 casos de coagulación intravascular diseminada (CID), que se produjeron en relación con el uso de la prostaglandina E2 (PgE2) por vía endocervical para la inducción del parto.

Sujetos y métodos

Durante el período transcurrido entre septiembre de 1995 y marzo de 2003, se practicaron 4.013 inducciones del parto con PgE2 intracervical en gestaciones a término. Los datos clínicos y los estudios de coagulación de la sangre fueron conclusivos para hacer el diagnóstico de CID.

Resultados

La frecuencia de esta complicación es relativamente baja, 3 × 1.000 inducciones, pero su morbilidad es importante (50% de histerectomías). El marcador más significante de la discrasia sanguínea fueron los valores altos en suero del dímero D. El estudio anatomopatológico de las piezas extirpadas reveló una lesión del canal cervical en todos los casos. No hallamos evidencia de que el paso de líquido amniótico a la circulación sanguínea materna haya desencadenado la CID.

Conclusión

Estos 12 casos de CID presentados después de la aplicación intracervical del gel de PgE2 se atribuyen al paso de factor tisular a la circulación sanguínea, o incluso a una respuesta inmunológica por el paso del mismo gel de prostaglandina a través del tejido epitelial al cervical. La posibilidad de que el líquido amniótico haya causado la CID se considera altamente improbable, y el éxito de la histerectomía (6 ocasiones) como recurso último para controlar la hemorragia, se añade en contra de la embolia de líquido amniótico como causa desencadenante.

Palabras Clave:
Inducción del parto
Prostaglandina E2
Coagulación intravascular diseminada
Abstract
Objectives

We studied 12 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with the use of intracervical prostaglandin E2 (PgE2) for labor induction.

Subjects and methods

From September 1995 to March 2003, PgE2 gel was applied to 4,013 term pregnancies for labor induction. Clinical data and blood coagulation analysis were conclusive in the diagnosis of DIC.

Results

The frequency of this complication was relatively low (3 x 1000 inductions) but maternal morbidity was high (50% of the patients required hysterectomy). The most significant marker of the coagulation disorder consisted of blood levels of D dimmer, which in most cases were greater than 8,000 µg/L. In all patients, pathological reports showed epithelial damage of the cervical channel with vascular compromise. We found no evidence that the intravascular passage of amniotic fluid was the trigger mechanism for DIC.

Conclusion

These 12 cases of DIC, which appeared after intracervical application of PgE2 gel, can be attributed to the intravascular passage of tissue factor from the cervical channel, or even to an immunologic response to the direct passage of PgE2 through the cervical epithelial tissue. The possibility that DIC is caused by amniotic fluid seems highly improbable. The success of hysterectomy (in six patients) as a last resort to control bleeding provides further evidence against an amniotic fluid embolism as the trigger mechanism for DIC.

Key Words:
Labor induction
Prostaglandin E2
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
U. Seligsohn.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation.
4th, pp. 1677-1697
[2.]
M. Dupuy.
Injections de matiére cerebral dans les veins.
Gas Med Paris, 2 (1834), pp. 524
[3.]
J.B. DeLee.
A case of fetal hemorrhagic diathesis with premature detachment of the placenta.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 44 (1901), pp. 785
[4.]
E. Stanhke.
Über das Verhalten der blutplattchen bei Eklampsie.
Zentralbl Gynok, 113 (1922), pp. 391
[5.]
P.E. Steiner, C.C. Lushbaugh.
Maternal pulmonary embolism by amniotic fluid as a cause of obstetric shock and unexpected death in obstetrics.
Jama, 117 (1941), pp. 1245-1340
[6.]
A.E. Weiner, D.E. Reid, C.C. Roby, L.K. Diamond.
Coagulation defects with intrauterine death from Rh isosensitizacion.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 60 (1950), pp. 1015
[7.]
J.A. Pritchard, O.D. Ratnoff.
Studies of fibrinogen an others hemostatic factors in women with intrauterine death and delayed delivery.
Sur Gynecol Obstet, 101 (1955), pp. 467
[8.]
D.G. McKay, J.F. Jewett, D.E. Reid.
Endotoxic shock and the generalized Shwartzman reaction in pregnancy.
Obstet Gynecol, 18 (1959), pp. 56
[9.]
C.H. Egley.
Hydatidiform mole and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 121 (1975), pp. 1122-1123
[10.]
B.M. Sibai, M.K. Ramadan, I. Usta, M. Salama, B.M. Mercer, S.A. Friedman.
Maternal morbidity and mortality in 442 preg-nancies with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 169 (1993), pp. 100-106
[11.]
I.M. Usta, J.R. Barton, E.A. Amon, A. Gonzalez, B.M. Sibai.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: an experience in the diagnosis and management.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 171 (1994), pp. 1342
[12.]
R.T. Burkman, B.R. Bell, M.F. Atienza, T.M. King.
Coagulopathy with midtrimester induced abortion. Association with hyperosmolar urea administration.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 127 (1977), pp. 533-566
[13.]
R.W. Stander, H.C. Flessa, H.I. Glueck, C.T. Kisker.
Changes in maternal coagulation factors after intraamniotic injection of hypertonic saline.
Obstet Gynecol, 27 (1971), pp. 660
[14.]
J. Sprung, M. Rakic, S. Patel.
Amniotic fluid embolism during epidural anesthesia for cesarean section.
Acta Anaesthesiol Belg, 42 (1991), pp. 225-231
[15.]
W.H. Noble.
Amniotic fluid embolus.
Can J Anaesth, 40 (1993), pp. 971-980
[16.]
G. Lau, P.P. Chui.
Amniotic fluid embolism: a review of 10 fatal cases.
Singapore J, 35 (1994), pp. 180-183
[17.]
Q.L. Zheng, X.M. Zhang.
Analysis of 39 cases of maternal deaths caused by incorrect use of oxytocin.
Chung Hua Fu Chan Ko Tsa Chih, 29 (1994), pp. 276-316
[18.]
R. Roungsipragarn, Y. Herabutya.
Amniotic fluid embolism: a case report.
J Thai, 76 (1993), pp. 105-107
[19.]
Y. Herabutya, P. Prasertsawat.
Ripening of the unfavorable cervix with prostaglandin E2: intracervical versus intravaginal route.
J Thai, 76 (1993), pp. 638
[20.]
L. Leitner, P. Bauer, M. Fabsits.
Fruchtwasserembolie Ein Fallbericht mit positivem Ausgang.
Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther, 30 (1995), pp. 113-115
[21.]
A.E. Weiner, D.E. Reid.
The pathogenesis of amniotic fluid embolism coagulant activity of amniotic fluid.
N Engl J Med, 243 (1950), pp. 597
[22.]
D.G. McKay.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation: an intermediary mechanism of disease.
Harper & Row, (1964),
[23.]
S.M.M. Karim, J. Devlin.
Prostaglandin content of amniotic fluid during pregnancy and labor.
Br J Obstet Gynecol, 74 (1979), pp. 230
[24.]
F.G. Cunningham, P.C. MacDonald, N.F. Gant, K.J. Leveno, L.C. Gilstrap III.
Trabajo de parto anómalo.
Williams Obstetrics, pp. 875-879
[25.]
S.M. Chatelain, J.G. Quirk Jr..
Embolia de líquido amniótico y tromboembolia.
Clin Obstet Gynecol, 33 (1990), pp. 463-470
[26.]
M.D. Benson.
Nonfatal amniotic fluid embolism. Three possible cases and a new clinical definition.
Arch Med, 2 (1993), pp. 989
[27.]
R. Hardway, D. McKay.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation: A cause of shock.
Ann Surg, 149 (1959), pp. 462
[28.]
J.J. Parrilla, E. González, R. Serna, L. Abad.
Mecanismo de alteración hemostática en el embolismo de líquido amniótico. Shock séptico, shock hemorrágico, muerte fetal intra útero, mola hidatídica. Clínica ginecológica.
Alteraciones de la hemostasia en Obstetricia, pp. 169-192
[29.]
R.B. Rutherford.
Fisiopatología del traumatismo y choque.
Traumatología, pp. 37-39
[30.]
I.S. Menon, S.L. Barron, D. Weightman, H.A. Dewar.
The uterus as contributor of plasminogen activator to the blood.
J Obstet Gynecol Br Common, 77 (1970), pp. 591
[31.]
B. Astedt.
Significance of placenta in depression of fibrinolytic activity during pregnancy.
J Obst Gynec Br Common, 79 (1972), pp. 205
[32.]
J.W. Crowell, B. Houston.
The effect of acidity on blood coagulation.
Am J Physiology, 201 (1961), pp. 379
[33.]
M.D. Benson, H. Kobayashi, R.K. Silver, H. Oi, P.A. Greenberger, T. Terao.
Immunologic studies in presumed amniotic fluid embolism.
Obstet Gynecol, 97 (2001), pp. 510-514
[34.]
J.J. Ridgeway, D.L. Weyrich, T.J. Benedetti.
Fetal heart rate changes associated with uterine rupture.
Obstet Gynecol, 103 (2004), pp. 506-512
[35.]
C.H. Egarter, P.W. Husslein, W.F. Rayburn.
Uterine hyperstimulation after low-dose prostaglandin E2 therapy: tocolytic treatment in 181 cases.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 163 (1990), pp. 794-796
Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
Download PDF
Article options
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos