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Inicio Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología Fracturas de clavícula en el neonato: incidencia y factores de riesgo
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 113-118 (January 2004)
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Vol. 47. Issue 3.
Pages 113-118 (January 2004)
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Fracturas de clavícula en el neonato: incidencia y factores de riesgo
Clavicular fractures in the neonate: incidence and risk factors
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B. Archillaa, V. Engelsa, L. San Frutosa, P. Toroa, B. Buenoa, B. Buenoa,*, T. del Olmob
a Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia. Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina. Madrid
b Servicio de Neonatología. Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina. Madrid. España
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Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar los factores de riesgo en la aparición de fracturas de clavícula en neonatos en un centro hospitalario.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en el que se revisaron los 3.023 partos del año 2000. Las 55 fracturas de clavícula que tuvieron lugar durante ese año constituyeron el grupo de los casos. Para los controles se eligieron 116 mujeres cuyos hijos no tuvieron signos clínicos de fracturas. El estudio se realizó comparando entre ambos grupos variables maternas, fetales y de la evolución del parto.

Resultados

La incidencia total de fracturas fue del 1,82% en el año 2000. El peso en el grupo de los casos resultó ser significativamente mayor que en los controles (odds ratio [OR] = 4,35; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 2,9–9,5; p = 0,001). La cesárea fue un factor protector frente a las fracturas de clavícula (OR = 0,06; IC del 95%, 0,007–0,48; p = 0,0081). No se encontraron diferencias significativas para el resto de las variables.

Conclusiones

Las fracturas de clavícula son un traumatismo obstétrico difícil de prevenir. En el grupo estudiado resultan más frecuentes en los niños de mayor peso al nacimiento; mientras que la cesárea disminuye su riesgo de aparición.

Palabras clave:
Fracturas de clavícula
Neonatos
Peso fetal
Cesárea
Factores de riesgo
Abstract
Objective

To identify risk factors associated with clavicular fractures in neonates in a single institution.

Material and methods

We performed a retrospective case-control study in which all deliveries (n=3023) that took place in 2000 were reviewed. Newborns with a clavicular fracture (n=55) were compared with a control group of 116 women whose neonates showed no clinical signs of fracture. Maternal, fetal and delivery factors were compared in both groups.

Results

The overall incidence of clavicular fracture was 1.82% in 2000. Fetal weight was significantly higher in cases than in controls (OR=4.35; 95% CI: 2.9–9.5; P=0.001). Cesarean section was a protective factor against clavicular fracture (OR=0.06; 95% CI:0.007–0.48; P=0.0081). No significant differences were found among the remaining variables studied.

Conclusions

Clavicular fractures appear to be more frequent in larger babies, while cesarean section delivery seems to be a protective factor. Nevertheless, clavicular fractures are hard to prevent.

Keywords:
Clavicular fractures
Neonates
Fetal weight
Cesarean section
Risk factors
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
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