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Vol. 47. Issue 5.
Pages 222-228 (January 2004)
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Vol. 47. Issue 5.
Pages 222-228 (January 2004)
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Linfoma primario de mama. Presentación de 2 casos
Primary breast lymphoma: report of 2 cases
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3879
F. Esteban
Corresponding author
unidaddelamujer@unidaddelamujer.es
esteban@doctoractive.com

Correspondencia: Unidad de la Mujer. Hospital Ruber Internacional. La Maso, 38. 28034 Madrid. España
, D. Ordóñez, C. González-Lois, R. Jiménez, A. Candia, J.J. Vidal
Unidad de la mujer. Hospital Ruber Internacional. Madrid. España
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Resumen

El linfoma no hodgkiniano primario de mama (LNHPM) constituye un hallazgo muy poco común, representa un 0,04-0,53% de todos los tumores malignos de mama y aproximadamente un 2,2% de los linfomas extranodales.

El diagnóstico se basa en los hallazgos clínicos y anatomopatológicos y exige un exhaustivo estudio de extensión. Las técnicas de imagen no han demostrado ser útiles en el diagnóstico precoz debido al rápido crecimiento del LNHPM y su similitud radiológica con otras tumoraciones mamarias.

El fenotipo histológico es un factor determinante en la elección del tratamiento, esencialmente en los casos que precisa quimioterapia, que variarán dependiendo de cada entidad histopatológica. La radioterapia puede ser una opción como tratamiento complementario en la mama.

La estadificación de Ann Arbor representa el único factor pronóstico estadísticamente significativo. A continuación, presentamos 2 casos de esta variedad clínica, diagnosticados en nuestro servicio en los 2 últimos años. El primer caso corresponde a un linfoma de Burkitt estadio IV A de Ann Arbor y el segundo a un linfoma difuso de células grandes B estadio I. En ambos casos se ha conseguido la remisión completa mediante tratamiento con exéresis local, radioterapia y quimioterapia, y no se ha evidenciado recurrencia ni progresión clínica tras un año de seguimiento. Hemos realizado una amplia revisión de la bibliografía al respecto, haciendo énfasis sobre su verdadera incidencia, factores pronósticos y combinaciones terapéuticas recomendadas.

El LNHPM constituye un hallazgo muy poco frecuente, pero a pesar de su excepcionalidad, no debemos olvidar incluirlo en el diagnóstico diferencial de las tumoraciones mamarias.

Palabras clave:
Linfoma
Mama
Linfoma de mama
Linfoma primario no hodgkiniano de mama
Linfoma extraganglionar
Linfoma no hodgkiniano extraganglionar
Abstract

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast (PNHLB) is a very uncommon finding, accounting for between 0.04% and 0.53% of malignant breast tumors and for approximately 2.2% of extranodal lymphomas.

The diagnosis is based on clinicopathologic findings and requires a highly accurate analysis of tumoral extension. Radiological techniques have been not proved to be useful in early diagnosis due to the rapid growth of PNHLB and their radiological similarities with other breast tumors.

Histologic phenotype is a determining factor in the choice of treatment, especially in patients requiring chemotherapy, which will vary depending on each histopathological entity. Radiotherapy can be an optional therapeutic alternative. Ann Arbor stage is the only significant prognostic factor for survival.We report two cases of PNHLB, which were diagnosed in our department in the last two years. The first case concerns a Burkitt-like lymphoma (Ann Arbor stage IV A). The second case concerns a diffuse lymphoma of the large B-cells (Ann Arbor stage I). In both cases, complete remission was achieved through local excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. No tumor recurrence or progression was observed after one year of follow-up.

We provide a broad review of the literature on this topic and pay special attention to its true incidence, prognostic factors and recommended treatment.

Keywords:
Lymphoma
Breast
Breast lymphoma
Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the breast
Extranodal lymphoma
Extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
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