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Vol. 45. Issue 4.
Pages 160-164 (January 2002)
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Vol. 45. Issue 4.
Pages 160-164 (January 2002)
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Síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal
Twin-twin transfusion syndrome
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M. Ballesteros*, G. Albaigés, E. Aguilar, M. de la Flor, F. Pla, J. Bellart, R.M. Miralles
Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Hospital Universitario de Tarragona Joan XXIII. Universidad Rovira i Virgili. Tarragona
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Resumen

El síndrome de transfusión feto-fetal (STFF) es una complicación que se presenta en un 10-15% de las gestaciones gemelares monocoriales biamnióticas. Es una afección exclusiva de este tipo de gemelaridad y se caracteriza por la presencia de anastomosis arteriovenosas cuyo flujo unidireccional no está equilibrado por otras conexiones vasculares y, por consiguiente, se produce la secuencia oligoamnios-hidramnios. La afección fetal es debida a una hipovolemia del gemelo donante y a una hipervolemia del gemelo receptor

Presentamos nuestra experiencia en este tipo de enfermedad. En los casos presentados, diagnosticados al final del segundo trimestre, se llevaron a cabo como medida terapéutica amniodrenajes seriados, los cuales permitieron prolongar la gestación para la maduración pulmonar fetal, aunque no solucionaron el STFF

Realizamos, asimismo, una revisión en cuanto a las diferentes opciones de tratamiento actual que van desde la conducta expectante, con una mortalidad cercana al 100%, hasta los tratamientos etiológicos basados en la ablación selectiva con láser de los vasos comunicantes con una supervivencia de al menos un gemelo del 70%, con una tasa de handicap neurológico menor al 5%

Palabras clave:
Transfusión feto-fetal
Oligoamnios
Monocorional
Amniodrenaje
Láser
Abstract

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome is a complication that appears in 10-15% of hiamniotic monochorial twin pregnancies. The syndrome occurs only in this type of multiple pregnancy and is caused by te presence of multiple and unbalanced arteriovenous anastomoses, which result in the oligoamnioshydramnios sequence. Fetal involvement is due to hypovolemia in the donor twin and hypervolemia in the recipient

We present our experience of this type of condition and discuss differences in management according to gestational age and severity at diagnosis. There are two types of procedure in our centre: firstly, legal termination of pregnancy in the earliest and most severe cases and secondly amniodrainage in patients referred at the beginning of the third trimester

We provide a review of the literature on currently accepted treatment options, which range from expectant management with 100% mortality to etiological treatments based on selective laser ablation of the arteriovenous communications. This latter treatment has a 70% survival rate of a least one twin and a neurological handicap rate of less than 5%

Keywords:
Twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Oligoamnios
Monochorionic
Amniodrainage
Laser
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Bibliografía
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
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