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Journal Information
Vol. 63. Issue 1.
Pages 89-102 (January - February 2021)
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Vol. 63. Issue 1.
Pages 89-102 (January - February 2021)
Serie: Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract
Usefulness of intestinal ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease
Utilidad de la ecografía intestinal en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
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T. Ripollésa,
Corresponding author
ripolles_tom@gva.es

Corresponding author.
, F. Muñozb, M.J. Martínez-Péreza, E. de Miguelc, J. Poza Cordónd, B. de la Heras Páez de la Cadenae
a Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain
b Servicio de Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
c Servicio de Radiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
d Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
e Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Table 1. Ultrasound parameters of inflammatory activity in Crohn’s disease.
Table 2. Indications for intestinal ultrasound in Crohn's disease.
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Special issue
This article is part of special issue:
Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract

Edited by: Dr. Tomás Ripollés González - Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset, València, España

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Abstract

Imaging techniques play a fundamental role in the initial diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory bowel disease. Intestinal ultrasound has high sensitivity and specificity in patients with suspected Crohn’s disease and in the detection of inflammatory activity. This technique enables the early diagnosis of intra-abdominal complications such as stenosis, fistulas, and abscesses. It has also proven useful in monitoring the response to treatment and in detecting postsurgical recurrence. Technical improvements in ultrasound scanners, technological advances such as ultrasound contrast agents and elastography, and above all increased experience have increased the role of ultrasound in the evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract. The features that make ultrasound especially attractive include its wide availability, its noninvasiveness and lack of ionising radiation, its low cost, and its good reproducibility, which is important because it is easy to repeat the study and the study is well tolerated during follow-up. This review summarizes the role of intestinal ultrasound in the detection and follow-up of inflammatory bowel disease.

Keywords:
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
Monitoring
Transmural healing
Postsurgical recurrence
Ultrasound
Resumen

Las técnicas de imagen desempeñan un papel fundamental en el diagnóstico inicial y seguimiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. La ecografía intestinal tiene alta sensibilidad y especificidad en la sospecha de la enfermedad de Crohn, en la detección de actividad inflamatoria y permite el diagnóstico temprano de complicaciones intraabdominales, como estenosis, fístulas y abscesos; además, ha demostrado su utilidad en la monitorización del tratamiento y en la recurrencia posquirúrgica. El desarrollo técnico de los equipos de ecografía, la incorporación de avances tecnológicos como el contraste ecográfico o la elastografía y, sobre todo, una mayor experiencia, han impulsado su papel en la evaluación de la patología del tubo digestivo. La ecografía es particularmente atractiva gracias a su amplia disponibilidad, su inocuidad, bajo coste y buena reproducibilidad, ya que puede repetirse de forma fácil y bien tolerada por el paciente durante el seguimiento. Esta revisión resume el papel de la ecografía intestinal en la detección y seguimiento de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Crohn
Colitis ulcerosa
Monitorización
Curación transmural
Recurrencia posquirúrgica
Ecografía

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