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Inicio Rehabilitación Fuerzas de reacción desde el piso durante la marcha en personas con amputación...
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Vol. 56. Issue 3.
Pages 237-242 (July - September 2022)
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Vol. 56. Issue 3.
Pages 237-242 (July - September 2022)
Caso clínico
Fuerzas de reacción desde el piso durante la marcha en personas con amputación transtibial unilateral, serie de casos
Ground reaction forces during gait in people with unilateral transtibial amputation, a series of cases
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L.D. Gallo Cardona, J. Castellanos Ruiz
Corresponding author
jcastellanos@autonoma.edu.co

Autor para correspondencia.
, C.L. Ávila Rendón
Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
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Resumen

En personas con amputación transtibial unilateral (ATU) usualmente se presentan deficiencias en los mecanismos que fundamentan la marcha, posiblemente debido a la ausencia del segmento reseccionado, lo cual impacta la capacidad para ajustar activamente el miembro inferior protetizado. Se incluyeron cinco participantes con ATU, evaluando las fuerzas de reacción desde el piso durante la marcha mediante un sistema integrado BTS GAITLAB. En el miembro inferior sano (MIS) la primera fuerza de pico vertical y la segunda tendieron a ser mayores que en el miembro inferior protetizado (MIP). Tanto las fuerzas de desaceleración como de propulsión fueron menores en esta extremidad, además, se observó variabilidad en las fuerzas mediolaterales. La dependencia para mantener control activo del centro de gravedad durante la marcha desde el MIS se dio probablemente por restricciones mecánicas en el control activo del tobillo y limitaciones para absorber y generar fuerzas que permitan controlar la estabilidad postural durante la marcha desde el MIP.

Palabras clave:
Amputación
Fenómenos biomecánicos
Marcha
Fisioterapia
Abreviaturas:
ATU
MIP
MIS
Med
Lat
T1
F1
T2
F2
Ant
Pos
T3
F3
T4
F4
T5
T6
Vert
T7
F5
T8
F6
T9
F7
T10
Abstract

Unilateral Transtibial Amputees (UTA) usually present deficiencies in the mechanisms underlying their gait likely because of the absence of the resected segment, thus having an impact on the ability to actively adjust the lower limb prosthesis. Five participants with UTA were evaluated considering the ground reaction forces during gait by using an integrated BTS GAITLAB system. The first and the second vertical peak forces tended to be greater in the Healthy Lower Limb (HLL) than in the Lower Limb prosthesis (LLP). Both the deceleration and propulsion forces were lower in this limb prosthesis, in addition, a variability of the mediolateral force was observed. Maintaining active control of the center of gravity during gait from the HLL was probably due to mechanical restrictions to actively control the ankle and the limitations for force absorption and generation that allow controlling postural stability during gait from the LLP.

Keywords:
Amputation
Biomechanical phenomena
Gait
Physical therapy specialty

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