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Inicio Rehabilitación Estudios de investigación: usos, validez y sesgos
Journal Information
Vol. 35. Issue 6.
Pages 369-372 (January 2001)
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Vol. 35. Issue 6.
Pages 369-372 (January 2001)
Estudios de investigación: usos, validez y sesgos
Research studies: uses, validity and biases
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J. García Díaz*,*, C. Echevarría Ruiz De Vargas**, M.ªJ. Zarco Jiménez***
* Médico Rehabilitador. FREMAP. Sevilla.
** Médico Rehabilitador. Hospital Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla.
*** Médico Rehabilitador. Hospital Puerta del Mar. Cádiz.
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Resumen

Exponemos la importancia de desarrollar estudios en medicina de rehabilitación desde la perspectiva del modelo de enfermedad de la OMS, realizamos reseñas expresas a la aportación teórica dada por autores desde la Investigación de los Resultados (Outcomes Research) en Medicina de Rehabilitación. Subrayamos, la importancia de incorporar a la investigación en nuestra especialidad tanto las tecnologías médicas que valoren los déficit provocados por la enfermedad, como el uso de escalas de valoración que objetiven variables subjetivas como puedan ser el dolor o el grado de discapacidad o de nivel de handicap. Igualmente destacamos la importancia de comprender y conocer bien el significado de parámetros estadísticos sencillos, en ocasiones «despreciados» o minusvalorados, como son el tamaño muestral, el error alfa, el error beta, y los errores metodológicos, dado que estos parámetros condicionan la calidad de los estudios.

Palabras clave:
Validez
Sesgos
Investigación de resultados
Summary

We explain the importance of developing studies in rehabilitation medicine from the point of view of the WHO disease model, and we make an express review of the theoretical contribution contributed by the authors from Outcome Research in Rehabilitation Medicine. We stress the importance of incorporating both the medical technologies that assess the deficit provoked by the disease as well as the use of assessment scales that discover the subjective variables such as pain or the incapacity grade or the handicap level into the investigation in our specialty. We also stress the importance of having a good understanding and knowledge of the meaning of the simple statistical parameters which are sometimes overlooked or underevaluated, such as sample size, alpha errors, beta error, methodological errors, given that these parameters condition the quality of the studies.

Key words:
Accuracy
Bias
Outcome Research

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