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Inicio Rehabilitación Papel de la fisioterapia y el deporte en la escoliosis idiopática
Journal Information
Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 107-113 (January 2001)
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 107-113 (January 2001)
Papel de la fisioterapia y el deporte en la escoliosis idiopática
Role of physiotherapy and sports in idiopathic scoliosis
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I. Máñez Añón*, V. Íñigo Huarte, P. Fenollosa Vázquez, G. Girona Chenoll
Médicos Especialistas en Rehabilitación y Medicina Física. Comunidad Valenciana.
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Resumen

Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica del material obtenido de las bases de datos Índice Médico Español y Medline de los años 1992-1998. El objetivo ha sido revisar el conocimiento científico actual sobre el tratamiento de la Escoliosis Idiopática mediante técnicas fisioterápicas.

Se analizan, los resultados obtenidos con técnicas de electroestimulación como terapia única, cinesiterapia como terapia aislada y coadyuvante del tratamiento ortésico y las indicaciones respecto a la actividad deportiva que se realizan en esta patología.

La indicación de la electroterapia en el tratamiento de la Escoliosis Idiopática se encuentra prácticamente en desuso ya que no se ha mostrado eficaz en detener la progresión de la misma. La cinesiterapia como técnica aislada no se considera capaz de modificar la historia natural de la Escoliosis Idiopática, pero se concluye, sobre la base de los estudios realizados, la importancia de la misma como coadyuvante del tratamiento ortopédico para mejorar resultados funcionales. Respecto a los deportes las indicaciones no se realizan con una finalidad terapéutica. El deporte debe recomendarse con el objetivo de no desvincular de una importante área de desarrollo a estos adolescentes.

Palabras clave:
Escoliosis
Terapia física
Ejercicio
Deporte
Summary

A bibliographic review of the material obtained from the Spanish Medical Index databases and Med-line during 1992-1998 was carried out. Its objective was to review the present day scientific knowledge on the treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis by physiotherapic techniques. The results obtained with electrostimulation techniques as a single therapy, cinesitherapy as an isolated therapy and co-adjuvant of the orthesis treatment and the indications regarding athletic activity performed with this disease are analyzed.

The indication for electrotherapy in the treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis is practically obsolete since it has no demonstrated effectivity in detaining its progression. Cinesitherapy as an isolated technique is not considered capable of modifying the natural history of the idiopathic scoliosis, however its importance as a coadjuvant to the orthopedic treatment to improve the functional results is concluded from the studies performed. Regarding sports, the indications are not made with a therapeutic objective. Athletic activities should be recommended with the aim of not separating these adolescents from an important developmental area.

Key words:
Scoliosis
Physical therapy
Exercise
Athletics

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