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Inicio Revista de Administração e Inovação Medida da cultura de inovação: uma abordagem sistêmica e estratégica com foc...
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Vol. 12. Issue 3.
Pages 56-81 (July - September 2015)
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Vol. 12. Issue 3.
Pages 56-81 (July - September 2015)
Open Access
Medida da cultura de inovação: uma abordagem sistêmica e estratégica com foco na efetividade da inovação
Innovation Culture of Measure: Systemic Approach and Strategic Focus on Innovation with the Effectiveness
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Maria de Fátima Bruno-Faria
Doutora em Psicologia pela Universidade de Brasília – UNB, Professora do Departamento de Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, (Brasil)
Marcus Vinicius de Araújo Fonseca
Professor do Programa de Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – COPPE/UFRJ, (Brasil)
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RESUMO

A cultura de inovação é compreendida neste estudo como o compartilhamento de valores e crenças por indivíduos que integram uma organização a respeito da inovação, aliada à idéia de busca de competitividade. Objetivou-se descrever o processo de construção de uma medida de cultura de inovação, em uma visão sistêmica e estratégica, a partir da análise da literatura sobre o tema e de escalas com finalidades semelhantes. Foram construídas cinco escalas em um total de 124 itens representando cinco diferentes dimensões. Após análise fatorial e de consistência interna dos itens que integravam cada escala, foram confirmadas as seguintes dimensões: Estratégias de inovação: conteúdo da cultura; Estratégias de inovação: sistema de comunicação interna; Condições do contexto interno para inovação; Relacionamento com o contexto externo à organização e Resultados: percepção da efetividade das inovações. Predominaram cargas fatoriais acima de 0,60 e índices de consistência interna acima de 0,80 nos fatores que integram cada escala. As correlações de Pearson entre um item que avaliava o quanto a organização era percebida como inovadora e as escalas apontaram que a medida apresenta validade convergente. Denominou-se o instrumento completo de Avaliação de Cultura de Inovação (ACI). Trata-se de uma medida mais abrangente que as demais disponíveis na literatura revisada que inclui diferentes aspectos da cultura de inovação validada para a realidade das organizações brasileiras com boa qualidade psicométrica. Sugerem-se estudos futuros para que se verifique se a estrutura fatorial se mostrará estável ao longo do tempo, assim como a inclusão de novos achados sobre cultura de inovação.

Palavras-chave:
Cultura de inovação
Instrumento de medidas
Resultados de inovação
ABSTRACT

The culture of innovation is understood in this study as the sharing of values and beliefs by individuals that are part of an organization with respect to innovation, coupled with the idea of seeking competitiveness. This study aimed to describe the process of constructing a measure of innovation culture, in a systemic and strategic vision, based on the analysis of the literature on the topic and on scales that have similar purposes. Five scales were constructed for a total of 124 items representing five different dimensions. After a factor and an internal consistency analysis of the items that made up each scale, the following five dimensions were confirmed: Innovation strategies: content of the culture; Innovation strategies: internal communication system; Conditions of the internal context for innovation; Relationship with the organization’s external context and Results: perception of the effectiveness of innovations. Factor loadings above 0.60 and internal consistency indexes above 0.80 were predominant in the factors within each scale of the five dimensions. Pearson’s correlations between an item that assessed how the organization was perceived as innovative and scales representing each dimension indicated that the measure has convergent validity. The name chosen for the complete instrument, covering the five dimensions, was Evaluation of the Culture of Innovation (ECI). The importance of setting up a measure that is more comprehensive than the others available in the reviewed literature, which includes different aspects of the innovation culture for the reality of Brazilian organizations and with good psychometric qualities, is highlighted. Future studies are suggested to test whether the factor structure will prove stable over time, as well as the completion of revisions that include new findings on the culture of innovation.

Keywords:
Innovation culture
Instrument measures
Innovation results
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Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltda. on behalf of Departamento de Administração Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade Universidade de São Paulo ¿ FEA/USP
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