Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins in crops harvested in Argentina

array:24 ["pii" => "S0325754120300559" "issn" => "03257541" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.002" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01" "aid" => "396" "copyright" => "Asociación Argentina de Microbiología" "copyrightAnyo" => "2020" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:339-47" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0325754119301142" "issn" => "03257541" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2019.07.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01" "aid" => "368" "copyright" => "Asociación Argentina de Microbiología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:348-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 17 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 3 "HTML" => 4 "PDF" => 10 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Imagen microbiológica" "titulo" => "Diagnóstico de Cunninghamella bertholletiae Stadel" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "348" "paginaFinal" => "349" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Diagnosis of Cunninghamella bertholletiae Stadel" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figura 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 608 "Ancho" => 755 "Tamanyo" => 88256 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "Esporangióforos rectos con vesículas y esporangiolos. Tinción de lactofenol con azul de algodón. 100×." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Peggy Vieille Oyarzo, Rodrigo Cruz Choappa" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Peggy" "apellidos" => "Vieille Oyarzo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rodrigo" "apellidos" => "Cruz Choappa" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0325754119301142?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754119301142/v1_202012180643/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S032575412030002X" "issn" => "03257541" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2019.12.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01" "aid" => "379" "copyright" => "Asociación Argentina de Microbiología" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:328-38" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Original article" "titulo" => "Optimization of production of xylanases with low cellulases in Fusarium solani by means of a solid state fermentation using statistical experimental design" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "328" "paginaFinal" => "338" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Optimización de la producción de xilanasas con celulasas bajas en Fusarium solani mediante una fermentación del estado sólido utilizando diseño experimental estadístico" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0025" "etiqueta" => "Figure 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg" "Alto" => 1131 "Ancho" => 1341 "Tamanyo" => 77552 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "HPLC profile of xylan digestion from treatment 8. Monosaccharide standards (1mg/ml) were: Arabinose, red line; Fructose, lemon green line; Glucose, brown line; Mannose, pink line; and Xylose, dark green line." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Mauro M. Martínez-Pacheco, Alberto Flores-García, Miguel A. Zamudio-Jaramillo, Ma. Carmen Chávez-Parga, Mariana Alvarez-Navarrete" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mauro M." "apellidos" => "Martínez-Pacheco" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "Flores-García" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Miguel A." "apellidos" => "Zamudio-Jaramillo" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ma. Carmen" "apellidos" => "Chávez-Parga" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Mariana" "apellidos" => "Alvarez-Navarrete" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S032575412030002X?idApp=UINPBA00004N" "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S032575412030002X/v1_202012180643/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Special article" "titulo" => "Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins in crops harvested in Argentina" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "339" "paginaFinal" => "347" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "María Laura Chiotta, María Verónica Fumero, Eugenia Cendoya, Juan Manuel Palazzini, María Silvina Alaniz-Zanon, María Laura Ramirez, Sofía Noemí Chulze" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "María Laura" "apellidos" => "Chiotta" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "mchiotta@exa.unrc.edu.ar" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "María Verónica" "apellidos" => "Fumero" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Eugenia" "apellidos" => "Cendoya" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Juan Manuel" "apellidos" => "Palazzini" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "María Silvina" "apellidos" => "Alaniz-Zanon" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "María Laura" "apellidos" => "Ramirez" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Sofía Noemí" "apellidos" => "Chulze" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO) – National Scientific and Technical Research Council – Argentina (CONICET) – National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC). Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Fellow from CONICET" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Members of the Research Career of CONICET" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Especies fúngicas toxigénicas y ocurrencia natural de micotoxinas en cultivos y productos cosechados en Argentina" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 3023 "Ancho" => 3032 "Tamanyo" => 818318 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Main crops grown in Argentina. Scale: less than 100,000 tn, between 100,000 tn and 500,000 tn, between 500,000 tn and 1,500,000 tn, between 1,500,000 tn and 4,000,000 tn, between 4,000,000 tn and 6,000,000 tn." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionArgentina is located in South America and due to its vast size and range of altitudes, has a large variety of agroclimatic areas. It is one of the most important food-producing countries worldwide, with almost 30 million hectares of cultivable soil. Agriculture, livestock and agroindustry are the main economic activities,which have traditionally supplied the country with 70–95% of its export earnings. The economy of Argentina is mainly focused on the import and export of cereals, oil grains, fruits, wine, tea, tobacco and cotton.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0780">50,66,67</a> Annually, 25–50% of worldwide harvested crops are contaminated with mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species not only during crop development, but also in storage conditions. The fungal genera most commonly isolated from foods and by-products are Aspergillus,Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria. Different species belonging to these genera can contaminate several substrates and produce mycotoxins causing adverse health effects in consumers, in addition to economic losses in food-producing and food-exporting countries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0535">1,40,95</a> Most mycotoxins showed immunosuppressive, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and neurotoxic effects and some of them are carcinogens.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0610">16,55</a> Data on the occurrence of toxigenic species and mycotoxins are relevant to determine the contamination risk both for humans and animals in different regions. The present review provides data about the occurrence of toxigenic fungal species and the most frequent mycotoxins detected in cereals, oilseeds, fruits and by-products from Argentina.Classification of mycotoxinsThe most important mycotoxins based on their occurrence and toxicity are aflatoxins (AFs), fumonisins (FBs), zearalenone (ZEA), trichothecenes (TRCs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and patulin (PAT).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0805">55,93</a> Other toxicologically important mycotoxins, but less studied, are ergot alkaloids, Alternaria toxins, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, roquefortine C, mycophenolic acid, penitrems, verruculogen, griseofulvin, citreoviridin, among others .<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0840">62,81</a>Aflatoxins and OTA are produced by a species belonging to the genus Aspergillus. Aflatoxins are mainly associated with Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus growth on a variety of food products, including cereals (e.g. maize, wheat, sorghum), peanuts, edible nuts, legumes and by-products.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0690">32</a> For OTA contamination in food, the most relevant producing Aspergillus species belong to section Nigri and Circundati.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0545">3</a> Within the section Nigri, Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus niger have been identified as one of the main sources of OTA contamination and accumulation in grapes, raisins and wines.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0665">27</a> These species have also contributed to OTA contamination in coffee, cocoa, peanut and cereals.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0680">30,59,60,99</a>Fumonisins, ZEA and TRC are produced by several species of the genus Fusarium and wheat and maize are the most frequently contaminated crops. Fumonisins are mainly produced by several members of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC), including Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium nygamai, and Fusarium fujikuroi as well as by Fusarium oxysporum, which is not included in the FFSC.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0620">18</a> Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced particularly by Fusarium graminearum sensu sticto but also by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium cerealis, Fusarium equiseti, F. verticillioides, and Fusarium incarnatum.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0840">62</a> TRCs are divided into four types from A to D, type A and B being the most prevalent toxins found as natural contaminants in the food and feed chains. The most important type A-trichothecenes (A-TRC) are T-2 and HT-2 toxins. Among type B-trichothecenes (B-TRC), the most frequently occurring mycotoxin is deoxynivalenol (DON), along with its biosynthetic precursors 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON). Type A-TRCs are produced mainly by Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium langsethiae whereas DON by F. graminearum ss and F. culmorum. Nivalenol (NIV) co-occurs with Fusarenon-X (FUX) and DON, and is produced mainly by the F. graminearum species complex (FGSC), Fusarium crookwellense and Fusarium nivale.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0705">35,68</a>The most relevant Alternaria toxins are alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TA), tentoxin and altenuene.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0715">37</a> Species within this genus are commonly isolated from wheat, sorghum and barley. In oilseeds such as sunflower and rapeseed, tomato, apples, citrus fruits and vegetables, the occurrence of Alternaria species has also been reported.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0895">73</a>Patulin is produced by different fungal species such as Penicillium expansum (Penicillium leucopus), Penicillium crustosum, Penicillium patulum (Penicillium urticae and Penicillium griseofulvum) and Aspergillus clavatus.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0990">92</a> Patulin-producing fungi have been isolated from various fruits and vegetables mainly from apple and apple-based commodities, and occasionally from other fruits such as pears, oranges, grapes and their sub-products.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0785">51–53,57,70,97,100,105</a> Patulin is highly soluble in water and highly stable in aqueous acid media; thus, it commonly contaminates fruit juices.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0780">50</a>“Emerging mycotoxins” are defined as “mycotoxins, which are neither routinely determined, nor legislatively regulated; however, the evidence of their incidence is rapidly increasing”. The main Fusarium mycotoxins included in this group are enniantins, beauvericin, moniliformin, fusaproliferin, fusaric acid and culmorin. Sterigmatocystin and emodin are produced by several Aspergillus species and mycophenolic acid is produced by fungi of the Penicillium species.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0570">8</a> Recently, some researchers have paid attention to their presence in foods and feeds, especially to enniatins and beauvericin. However, data on their toxicity and incidence are still limited, and further research on these metabolites is necessary to determine the toxicological risk due to their occurrence.Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins on different crops from ArgentinaSeveral fungal species are commonly isolated from a wide variety of crops commonly grown in Argentina. Their occurrence cause spoilage and reduction in food quality and safety during different stages of the chain production such as pre-harvest, post-harvest processing and transport. Thus, their presence in foods and by-products is considered a potential risk due to their ability to produce mycotoxins.Wheat flour, bran and grainsAlternaria, Fusarium,Aspergillus and Penicillium species can be found as frequent fungal contaminants in wheat.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0585">11,89</a>Alternaria was the predominant genus isolated from wheat in different agroecological regions from Argentina such as Entre Ríos and the southeast of Buenos Aires province, where Alternaria alternata is the most prevalent species followed by Alternaria infectoria.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0585">11,85</a> In contrast, Perello et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0940">82</a> observed a high incidence of A. infectoria in wheat grains collected from Buenos Aires area, which could be explained by changes in cropping systems in the last few years. The authors associated this species as the etiological agent of black point disease in wheat grains.The main pathogen associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab worldwide is F. graminearum ss and, it is also the principal pathogen associated with FHB in wheat in Argentina.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0810">56,80</a> However, other Fusarium species have been isolated from bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) wheat grains during FHB non-outbreak years. Fusarium proliferatum, Fusariumsubglutinans and F. verticillioides species were recovered from bread wheat.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0960">86</a> Later, Palacios et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0915">77</a> reported the presence of F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum, F. subglutinans and F. equiseti in durum wheat.TRC natural occurrence on bread and durum wheat grains during FHB outbreak years was evaluated across the main wheat growing regions, including Santa Fe, Buenos Aires and Córdoba provinces (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>). Type A-TRC, T-2 and HT-2 toxins were detected in 2 to 30% of the samples analyzed with levels ranging from 10 to 70 ng/g and from 10 to 30 ng/g for T-2 and HT-2, respectively. Among type B-TRC, DON was the predominant toxin detected in frequencies ranging from 50 to 85% of the samples, the maximum levels detected being higher than 10,000 ng/g.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0565">7,49,58,79,89</a> Palacios et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0920">78</a> detected not only DON but also the glycosylated form deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) in 100 and 94% of durum wheat samples collected from three different geographic locations in the South of Buenos Aires province. The DON and D3G levels observed ranged from 50 to 9,400 ng/g and 50 to 850 ng/g, respectively. Moreover, the DON acetylated derivatives were detected but at lower frequency (49%). Recently, Cirio et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0675">29</a> reported natural DON contamination in wheat flour processed in different mills located in Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, Córdoba, and Tucumán provinces. Ninety-one percent of the samples were contaminated with DON and the mean level detected was 243,000 ng/g. Basilico et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0565">7</a> analyzed NIV occurrence in bread wheat harvested in Santa Fe province and detected NIV levels ranging from 100 to 1,000 ng/g in only 5% of the samples (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia>Fumonisin contamination of durum wheat grain samples collected during two consecutive harvest seasons (2007 and 2008) in different commercial fields located in the South of Buenos Aires province was reported for the first time by Palacios et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0915">77</a> Data from this survey demonstrated that 97% of the samples collected during the 2007 harvest season showed total FB levels ranging from 10 to 1300 ng/g, while very low levels were detected in samples collected during the 2008 harvest season. The authors argued that these results could be explained by differences in rainfall during both evaluated harvest seasons. Later, Cendoya et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0615">17</a> reported FB occurrence not only in durum wheat grain samples, but also in bread wheat grain samples harvested in Buenos Aires province. From the samples, 93% were positive for FBs with levels ranging from 0.10 to 700 ng/g and from 0.10 to 1400 ng/g in bread and durum wheat, respectively. Recently FB contamination in flour wheat samples (68%) collected from different retail stores in Rio Cuarto city was observed, with levels ranging from 0.05 to 18.9 ng/g.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0620">18</a>Natural occurrence of AOH, AME and TA in 65 samples of whole, bran, and flour wheat obtained from a mill located in Gualeyguachú (Entre Ríos) was observed by Romero Bernal et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0980">90</a> The wheat grain samples showed low AOH and AME contamination in comparison with TA levels. AOH and AME were not detected in bran and flour samples. The mean levels found for TA in whole, bran and flour wheat were 19,200, 16,800 and 7,300 ng/g, respectively.Maize flour and grainsThe genus Fusarium is commonly isolated from all maize-growing regions of Argentina. Studies on Fusarium species incidence carried out in both the main and the secondary (Northwest) maize production regions showed that F. verticillioides was the predominant species followed by F. proliferatum and F. graminearum ss.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580">10,46,48,69,75,89</a>Fusariumsubglutinans and Fusariumtemperatum occurrence was high (45 and 60%) in the secondary production region, where lower annual temperatures than in the other areas are recorded.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0735">41</a>Penicillium incidence on maize grains ranged from 40 to 60% and the most prevalent species isolated were Penicilliumfuniculosum, Penicilliumcitrinum, Penicilliumdecumbens, Penicilliumoxalycum,Penicilliumbrevicompactum and Penicillium variable.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0760">46,48,60,75</a> The genus Aspergillus was also isolated from maize grains in levels that varied between 15 and 30%, A. flavus and A. parasiticus being the common observed species.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0595">13,36,60</a> Among other toxigenic species found in maize, A. alternata was observed in 5 to 10% of the samples.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580">10,36,48,75,89</a> Other non-toxigenic fungal species belonging to Cladosporium, Curvularia, Diplodia, Epicoccum, Mucor, Nigrospora, Phoma, Rhizopus and Trichoderma genera were also isolated from this crop.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580">10,36,48,89</a>Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the main mycotoxin associated with maize. It was detected in high percentages of maize flour and grains (90 to 100%) collected in all maize growing regions and in different genotypes, with levels ranging from 1,000 to 10,000 ng/g.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580">10,31,44,47,63,69,75,87,89,96,98</a> Deoxynivalenol and ZEA have been recovered from maize at lower levels than FB1; in 30% and<10% of the samples with levels ranging from 0.1 to 140 ng/g and from 0.1 to 85 ng/g, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0670">28,44,47,75,87,96</a> With regard to AFs, several studies demonstrated low incidence in maize (5 to 10%), with levels ranging from 30 to 300 ng/g. These studies showed that AF occurrence in maize is influenced by climate conditions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0670">28,36,44,47,69,75,81,87,89,96</a>Although at present the natural occurrence of “emerging mycotoxins” in maize has not been evaluated in Argentina yet, the presence of F. subglutinans and F. temperatum have been reported, and both species have high potential to produce beauvericin, moniliformin and fusaproliferin.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0735">41,88</a> Possible synergic effects of these metabolites with other main mycotoxins such as DON and FBs have been observed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0720">38,65</a> There is lack of knowledge concerning most of the emerging mycotoxins; thus, further studies will be necessary to obtain information about their natural occurrence and evaluate possible synergism with the main mycotoxins.Soybean seeds, pods and flowersAlternaria and Fusarium are the most frequent genera isolated from soybean in Argentina followed by Sclerotinia, Phomopsis, Rhizoctonia, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Chaetomium and Penicillium.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550">4,9,11,43,45,91,103,106</a> With regard to Alternaria, A. alternata was the most common species found in soybean seed samples.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550">4,11</a> Among Fusarium species, F. equiseti,Fusarium semitectum and FGSC were frequently isolated from soybean seeds and pods.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0560">6,24</a> A phylogenetic species recognition of the FGSC isolated from soybean seeds, pods and flowers samples was carried out in order to identify the species responsible for TRC production. The results showed evidence of the presence of four species within the F. graminearum species complex: F. graminearum ss, Fusarium cortaderiae, Fusarium meridionale and Fusarium boothii; F. graminearum ss being the most frequently identified fungal species .<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0655">25</a>The natural occurrence of AOH and AME in 50 soybean seed samples harvested in Córdoba province was evaluated by Oviedo et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0900">74</a> Both mycotoxins were present in 60% of the samples whereas 16% and 14% were only contaminated with AOH and AME, respectively. Fifteen of the positive samples showed co-occurrence of both mycotoxins analyzed. Alternariol was detected at levels ranging from 25 to 211 ng/g, whereas AME was detected at concentrations ranging from 62 to 1,153 ng/g. Other studies on TRC natural contamination on soybean grains were conducted in samples also harvested in Cordoba province during the 2007/08 to 2013/14 harvest seasons.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550">4,6,24,26</a> Data showed low DON levels in the sampled area, except during the 2013/14 season where a higher incidence and contamination with levels ranging from 0.7 to 4.3 ng/g were observed. These levels of contamination could be related to higher humidity periods during soybean grain filling and ripening during the 2013/14 harvest season. Although, none of the other mycotoxins such as AFs, ZEA, FBs and OTA were detected in soybean grains, the frequent presence of toxigenic species could indicate a risk of multiple mycotoxin contamination.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0755">45,106</a>Grapes and winesAlternaria and Aspergillus species were frequently isolated in Merlot, Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties collected from Mendoza wine grape growing region. Penicillium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Trichoderma and Ulocladium species were isolated in lower frequency and were occasionally observed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0630">20,61</a> In San Rafael wine grape growing region, the presence of four relevant genera in Malbec grape variety was observed. Among them, Alternaria was predominant (81%), followed by Cladosporium (7%) and alternatively by Aspergillus (4%) or Penicillium (3%). Moreover, Drechslera and other genera that belong to Mucoromycotina subphylum, were isolated in low levels (<5%). In this study, all Alternaria strains were identified as A. alternata.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0950">84</a> In another study, the incidence of Alternariaarborescens and Alternariatenuisima was also observed in Malbec grapes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1035">101</a>Aspergillus section Nigri species were frequently isolated from different vineyards in Argentina.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0635">21–23,61,83</a> Studies carried out on red grape collected from Mendoza vineyards showed that species included within the A. niger aggregate were dominant and the main OTA producers.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0835">61,83</a> Subsequent studies on grapes harvested in different grape growing regions such as La Rioja - Chilecito, San Juan - Tulum Valley, Mendoza - Uco Valley, Mendoza North-East, Mendoza ZARM (high area near Mendoza River), Mendoza South and Neuquén - Río Negro), confirmed that A. niger aggregate species were dominant, followed by A. carbonarius and Aspergillus “uniseriate”. Aspergillus carbonarius showed the highest percentages of OTA-producer strains and also the highest toxin level produced, being mainly isolated from the warmer regions, such as La Rioja and San Juan.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0625">19</a> Using molecular tools, Aspergillus section Nigri species were grouped into four main clusters: A. carbonarius, Aspergillus tubingensis, A. niger “aggregate,” and A. “uniseriate.” The A. tubingensis cluster was the most prevalent group and was clearly separated from the A. niger “aggregate”.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0635">21</a> In another study, phylogenetic data corroborated the biodiversity of Aspergillus section Nigri populations. The sequencing data showed that the strains were grouped as A. carbonarius, A. tubingensis, A. niger, and Aspergillus japonicus. Moreover, Aspergillus homomorphus was identified and its isolation was relevant because it was the first time that it has been found in vineyards and in Argentina.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0640">22</a>Wine samples collected at manufacturers’ stock and retail markets from different regions of Argentina were analyzed to detect OTA occurrence, the results showing that none of the wine samples were contaminated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0910">76</a> In another study, OTA contamination from grapes and wine samples collected in different grape-growing regions was evaluated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0625">19</a> Although ochratoxigenic species were isolated from samples obtained from the regions analyzed, the OTA levels detected in grape and wine samples were low in most of the evaluated samples, ranging from 0.10 to 5.40 ng/g and from 0.01 to 4.82 ng/ml, respectively. Another study showed that imported wines, mainly from Argentina and France, were the most contaminated with OTA, with levels ranging from 0.44 to 2.77 ng/ml.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0695">33</a>Other foodstuffsAlthough peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) and fruits are economically important crops in Argentina, few studies on toxigenic fungi and mycotoxin natural occurrence incidence have been conducted.Studies on AF-producer species in peanuts harvested in the peanut-growing area of Córdoba province showed that A. flavus and A. parasiticus were frequently isolated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0555">5,102</a> Magnoli et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0825">59</a> evaluated the occurrence of Aspergillus section Nigri in stored peanut grains, A. niger var. niger and A. niger var. awamori, followed by A. carbonarius and A. japonicus being the predominant isolated species. In another study, Magnoli et al. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0825">59</a> analyzed stored peanut grains but during a 3-month period, in which, although A. carbonarius was isolated in a low percentage, the percentage of OTA-producer strains was high. Aflatoxin, cyclopiazonic acid and OTA contamination in peanuts was detected in levels ranging from 0.043 to 435 ng/g, from 493 to 4300 ng/g, from 0.5 to 170 ng/g, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0555">5,39,44,102</a>Patulin contamination in foods have been evaluated in different countries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0540">2,34,54,64,71,104</a> In Argentina, Funes and Resnik<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0740">42</a> analyzed PAT occurrence in solid and semisolid fruit by -products such as apple marmalade, jam, sweet and puree, and pear marmalade. The authors reported that 21.6% of the samples were contaminated with PAT (range 17–221 ng/g) and the highest contamination level was detected in apple puree with 50% of positive samples. Later, Oteiza et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0890">72</a> evaluated PAT contamination in fruit commodities (apple, apricot, grape, orange, peach, pear and pineapple) and different types of fruit by-products (concentrated cloudy juice, single strength cloudy juice, concentrated juice, concentrated pulp, single strength pulp and sulphited juice) collected between 2005 and 2013. Data showed that PAT was detected in 33.5% of the samples with levels ranging from 30,000 to 19,622,000 ng/ml. With regard to the effect of fruit commodity, the highest percentage of positive samples (40%) contaminated with PAT and the maximum concentration were detected in apple. The type of products was also an important factor that affected PAT contamination; the higher levels were detected in single strength cloudy juice and single strength pulp (67.4% and 54.1%, respectively). In grape apple and orange juice, the natural occurrence of Alternaria toxins has also been observed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0590">12,94</a>In a study conducted by Castrillo et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0605">15</a>, Aspergillus section Nigri incidence in different commercial brands of yerba mate was evaluated. Uniseriate species were more predominant than biseriate species. The percentage of isolated species was higher in milled yerba mate (without an aging period) than in elaborated yerba mate. In a previous study, the same authors performed a phylogenic analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from yerba mate. In contrast, the results showed that all isolated strains were included in A. niger and A. carbonarius clades.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0600">14</a> No studies about natural mycotoxin occurrence in yerba mate have been conducted yet.ConclusionsDifferent toxigenic fungal species belonging to genera Fusarium, Aspergillus and Alternaria are isolated from the crops of greatest economic importance grown in Argentina. The isolation of these species was influenced by the type of crop and agro-ecological conditions. Mycotoxin occurrence was detected in all crops at variable levels, DON, TRC, FBs and OTA being the most frequently studied.In Argentina the production of commodities increases annually and fungal contamination and mycotoxin occurrence in the food and feed chains represent a high risk to human and animal health, as well as considerable economic losses due to restrictions to the domestic and international markets. Studies on the occurrence of mycotoxins in different crops and by-products are important because they are reliable approaches to evaluate the potential exposure risk of the populations to these contaminants.Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1437186" "titulo" => "Highlights" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1437184" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311739" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres1437185" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" ] ] ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311738" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Classification of mycotoxins" ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins on different crops from Argentina" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Wheat flour, bran and grains" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Maize flour and grains" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Soybean seeds, pods and flowers" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Grapes and wines" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Other foodstuffs" ] ] ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack501433" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2019-10-11" "fechaAceptado" => "2020-06-01" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311739" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Toxigenic fungi" 1 => "Mycotoxins" 2 => "Cereals" 3 => "Oilseeds" 4 => "Fruits" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311738" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Hongos toxigénicos" 1 => "Micotoxinas" 2 => "Cereales" 3 => "Oleaginosas" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "highlights" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Highlights" "resumen" => "<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005">•Fusarium, Aspergillus and Alternaria species are isolated in crops from Argentina.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010">•Fumonisins are mainly detected in maize, wheat and by-products.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015">•Trichotecenes occurrence is high in wheat, soybean and by-products.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020">•Ochratoxin A and patulin are the main toxins detected in fruits and by-products.</li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025">•Mycotoxin contamination in the food chain represent a toxicological risk for humans.</li></ul>" ] "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungal species that mainly belong to Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Alternaria, which can grow in a variety of crops including cereals, oilseeds and fruits. Consequently, their prevalence in foods and by-products not only affects human and animal health but also causes important losses in both domestic and international markets. This review provides data about toxigenic fungal species and mycotoxin occurrence in different crops commonly grown in Argentina. This information will be relevant to establish adequate management strategies to reduce the impact of mycotoxins on human food and animal feed chains and to implement future legislation on the maximum permitted levels of these fungal metabolites." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios producidos por diferentes especies fúngicas pertenecientes, principalmente, a los géneros Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium y Alternaria. Dichos microorganismos pueden crecer en una gran variedad de cultivos, entre los que se incluyen cereales, oleaginosas y frutas. La presencia de micotoxinas en alimentos y subproductos no sólo afecta la salud humana y animal, sino que también causa pérdidas importantes en los mercados nacionales e internacionales. Esta revisión proporciona datos sobre la prevalencia de especies fúngicas toxigénicas y de micotoxinas en diferentes cultivos y productos cosechados en Argentina. Dicha información será relevante para establecer estrategias de manejo adecuadas para reducir la entrada de las micotoxinas en las cadenas alimentarias del hombre y de los animales, así como para establecer futuras legislaciones sobre los niveles máximos permitidos de dichos metabolitos." ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 3023 "Ancho" => 3032 "Tamanyo" => 818318 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Main crops grown in Argentina. Scale: less than 100,000 tn, between 100,000 tn and 500,000 tn, between 500,000 tn and 1,500,000 tn, between 1,500,000 tn and 4,000,000 tn, between 4,000,000 tn and 6,000,000 tn." ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "ND: No data." "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crops \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Species \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Fungal incidence (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mycotoxins \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">% positive samples \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="center" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Levels (ng/g) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Wheat \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. graminearum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 - 30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">T2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">HT2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">DON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">50 - 85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1000 - 10000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NIV \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">100 - 1000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. proliferatum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">FBs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">90 - 100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 1400 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Maize \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. verticillioides \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80 - 100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">FBs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">90 - 100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">1000 - 10000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. proliferatum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. graminearum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 -75 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">DON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.1 - 140 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">ZEA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.1 - 85 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">A. flavus \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 70 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AFs \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">5 - 10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">30 - 300 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">A. parasiticus \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Soybean \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">A. alternata \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">ND \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AOH \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">20 - 200 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AME \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 - 20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">60 - 1200 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F. graminearum \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">ND \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">DON \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"><5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">500 - 5000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Grapes \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">A. niger \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">OTA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">40 - 50 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">0.1 - 5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">A. carbonarius \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab2472149.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Fungal species and principal mycotoxins in the main crops cultivated in Argentina." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:106 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0535" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fungal mycotoxins in foods: A review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cogent Food Agric." "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "11" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0540" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "decontamination: A review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "326" "paginaFinal" => "333" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0545" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "OTA-producing fungi in foodstuffs: a review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "259" "paginaFinal" => "268" ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0550" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Safety aspect in soybean food and feed chains: fungal and mycotoxin contamination" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "editores" => "T.B.Ng" "titulo" => "Soybean. Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physiology." "paginaInicial" => "7" "paginaFinal" => "20" "serieFecha" => "2011" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0555" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aspergillus species from section Flavi isolated from soil at planting and harvest time in peanut-growing regions of Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Sci Food Agric." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "83" "paginaInicial" => "1303" "paginaFinal" => "1307" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0560" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural deoxynivalenol occurrence and genotype and chemotype determination of a field population of the Fusarium graminearum complex associated with soybean in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:8 [ …8] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "293" "paginaFinal" => "303" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0565" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fungal diversity and natural occurrence of fusaproliferin, beauvericin, deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in wheat cultivated in Santa Fe Province, Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-010-0043-x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "85" "paginaFinal" => "91" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0570" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Masked mycotoxins: A review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:10 [ …10] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mol Nutr Food Res." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "57" "paginaInicial" => "165" "paginaFinal" => "186" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0575" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Soja y micotoxinas: Flora fúngica- Variedades - Prácticas agronómicas" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Aceites y Grasas." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "10" "paginaFinal" => "515" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S1808869415303025" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "18088694" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0580" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Distribution of fumonisins in dry-milled corn fractions in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/02652030110103484" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "465" "paginaFinal" => "469" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0585" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Alternaria alternata prevalence in cereal grains and soybean seeds from Entre Rios" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s1130-1406(07)70012-8" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. Rev Iberoam Micol." "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "47" "paginaFinal" => "51" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0165587615006266" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "01655876" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0590" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in beverages from the Entre Rios Province market" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-012-0147-6" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "17" "paginaFinal" => "22" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0165587617302008" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "01655876" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0595" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fungal screening and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus section Flavi isolated from pre-harvest maize ears grown in two Argentine regions" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Crop Prot." "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "92" "paginaInicial" => "41" "paginaFinal" => "48" ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0600" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from yerba mate in Misiones (Argentina)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "BAG J Basic Appl Genet." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "23" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0165587617303865" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "01655876" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0605" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Isolation of Aspergillus section Nigri strains in yerba mate in Posadas (Misiones Argentina) and evaluation of their ochratoxigenic potential" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s0325-7541(13)70009-9" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Argent Microbiol." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "45" "paginaInicial" => "110" "paginaFinal" => "113" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0165587612007227" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "01655876" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0610" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST). Mycotoxins: risks in plant, animal, and human systems; Task force report No139, 2003. Ames, Iowa, USA." ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0615" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fumonisin occurrence in naturally contaminated wheat grain harvested in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "56" "paginaFinal" => "61" ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0620" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fumonisin occurrence in wheat-based products from Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam: Part B." "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "31" "paginaFinal" => "37" ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0625" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aspergillus section Nigri species isolated from different wine grape growing regions in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.08.013" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "136" "paginaInicial" => "137" "paginaFinal" => "141" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0630" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Influence of Planococcus ficus on Aspergillus section Nigri and ochratoxin A incidence in vineyards from Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02884.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol." "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "51" "paginaInicial" => "212" "paginaFinal" => "218" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0635" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Molecular characterization and toxigenic profile of Aspergillus section Nigri populations isolated from the main grape-growing regions in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04898.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Appl Microbiol." "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "110" "paginaInicial" => "445" "paginaFinal" => "454" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0640" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Phylogenetic characterization and ochratoxin A - fumonisin profile of black Aspergillus isolated from grapes in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.06.002" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "149" "paginaInicial" => "171" "paginaFinal" => "176" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0645" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Biodiversity of Aspergillus section Nigri populations in Argentinian vineyards and ochratoxin A contamination" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.fm.2013.04.003" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food microbiol." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "182" "paginaFinal" => "190" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0650" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fuentes de inóculo de especies de Fusarium potenciales productoras de micotoxinas en el agroecosistema soja" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Fac Cienc Agrar." "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "47" "paginaInicial" => "171" "paginaFinal" => "184" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0655" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Phylogenetic analyses of the Fusarium graminearum species complex isolated from soybean in Argentina and Brazil" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Australas Plant Dis Notes." "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "32" ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0660" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dynamic of F. graminearum species complex populations in soybean wheat rotation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "XI Congreso Argentino de Microbiología General SAMIGE" "fecha" => "2015" "paginaInicial" => "495" "paginaFinal" => "497" ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0665" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aspergillus and ochratoxin A in Latin America" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "editores" => "N.Grarg, S.M.Abdel-Aziz, A.Aeron" "titulo" => "Microbes in Food and Health" "paginaInicial" => "265" "paginaFinal" => "287" "serieFecha" => "2016" ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0670" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Incidence of aflatoxin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol on corn in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:8 [ …8] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/BF03192111" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "1989" "volumen" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "9" "paginaFinal" => "12" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S187628591830528X" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "18762859" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0675" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Incidence of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat Flour in Argentina and GC–ECD Method Validation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.5740/jaoacint.19-0029" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J AOAC Int." "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "102" "paginaInicial" => "1721" "paginaFinal" => "1724" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0680" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A in cocoa during farm processing" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.031" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "143" "paginaInicial" => "67" "paginaFinal" => "70" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0685" "etiqueta" => "31" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fumonisins in maize and gluten meal analysed in Argentinean wet milling industrial plants by ELISA compared with HPLC-FLD method" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "67" "paginaInicial" => "285" "paginaFinal" => "291" ] ] ] ] ] ] 31 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0690" "etiqueta" => "32" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins and their effects on human and animal health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "159" "paginaFinal" => "165" ] ] ] ] ] ] 32 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0695" "etiqueta" => "33" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "in wines and evaluation of consumer exposure" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:8 [ …8] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Public Health." "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "107" "paginaFinal" => "114" ] ] ] ] ] ] 33 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0700" "etiqueta" => "34" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of mycotoxins in fruit juices and wine" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "225" "paginaFinal" => "227" ] ] ] ] ] ] 34 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0705" "etiqueta" => "35" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Desjardins AE, editor. 2006. Fusarium mycotoxins: chemistry, genetics, and biology. APS Press. [On-line] https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20063036927. Consultado el 4 de febrero de 2020." ] ] ] 35 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0710" "etiqueta" => "36" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of Aspergillus section Flavi and aflatoxin B 1 in corn genotypes and corn meal in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1023/a:1007040123181" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "147" "paginaInicial" => "37" "paginaFinal" => "41" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 36 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0715" "etiqueta" => "37" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of zearalenone in food. EFSA J. 2011; 9:2197." ] ] ] 37 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0720" "etiqueta" => "38" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effects of diacetoxyscirpenol and fusaric acid on poults: Individual and combined effects of dietary diacetoxyscirpenol and fusaric acid on turkey poult performance" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Poult Sci." "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "350" "paginaFinal" => "355" ] ] ] ] ] ] 38 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0725" "etiqueta" => "39" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural co-occurrence of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid in peanuts grown in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/02652030110057125" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "18" "paginaInicial" => "1017" "paginaFinal" => "1020" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 39 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0730" "etiqueta" => "40" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Food and Agriculture Organization for the United Nations (FAO). WFP, The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2013. The multiple dimensions of food security. 2013." ] ] ] 40 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0735" "etiqueta" => "41" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fusarium temperatum and Fusarium subglutinans isolated from maize in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.01.011" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "199" "paginaInicial" => "86" "paginaFinal" => "92" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 41 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0740" "etiqueta" => "42" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Determination of patulin in solid and semisolid apple and pear products marketed in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "277" "paginaFinal" => "280" ] ] ] ] ] ] 42 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0745" "etiqueta" => "43" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Efecto conjunto de Fusarium sp. y Phomopsis sp., patógenos transmitidos por las semillas en plántulas de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Mex Fitopatol." "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "156" "paginaFinal" => "158" ] ] ] ] ] ] 43 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0750" "etiqueta" => "44" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins occurrence in Argentina's maize (Zea mays L.), from 1999 to 2010" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "660" "paginaFinal" => "665" ] ] ] ] ] ] 44 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0755" "etiqueta" => "45" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycoflora and mycotoxins contamination of soybean RR harvested in the Pampean Region" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-013-0169-8" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "147" "paginaFinal" => "157" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 45 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0760" "etiqueta" => "46" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycoflora of Argentinian corn harvested in the main production area in 1990" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/BF01104346" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "130" "paginaInicial" => "29" "paginaFinal" => "36" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 46 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0765" "etiqueta" => "47" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural co-occurrence of fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and aflatoxins in field trial corn in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/026520399283704" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "16" "paginaInicial" => "565" "paginaFinal" => "569" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 47 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0770" "etiqueta" => "48" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycoflora of freshly harvested flint corn from Northwestern Provinces in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1023/a:1021125609408" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "155" "paginaInicial" => "207" "paginaFinal" => "211" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 48 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0775" "etiqueta" => "49" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Trichothecenes and mycoflora in wheat harvested in nine locations in Buenos Aires province Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ …7] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11046-007-9084-x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "165" "paginaInicial" => "105" "paginaFinal" => "114" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 49 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0780" "etiqueta" => "50" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Long-term survey of patulin in apple juice concentrates produced in Turkey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/026520300750038117" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "17" "paginaInicial" => "933" "paginaFinal" => "936" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 50 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0785" "etiqueta" => "51" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Survey of patulin in apple juice concentrates in Shaanxi (China) and its dietary intake" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "570" "paginaFinal" => "573" ] ] ] ] ] ] 51 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0790" "etiqueta" => "52" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Patulin surveillance in apple cider and juice marketed in Michigan" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.4315/0362-028x-72.6.1255" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Food Prot." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "72" "paginaInicial" => "1255" "paginaFinal" => "1261" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 52 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0795" "etiqueta" => "53" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Incidence of patulin in Brazilian apple-based drinks" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "417" "paginaFinal" => "422" ] ] ] ] ] ] 53 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0800" "etiqueta" => "54" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in human milk in Ribeirao Preto-SP" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Brazil. Food Control." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "310" "paginaFinal" => "313" ] ] ] ] ] ] 54 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0805" "etiqueta" => "55" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Internatinal Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC working group reports N°9. Mycotoxin Control in low- and middle-income countries. Wild C, Miller JD, Groopman D, editors. Lyon, France, 2015, p. 54." ] ] ] 55 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0810" "etiqueta" => "56" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of different species of Fusarium from wheat in relation to disease levels predicted by a weather-based model in Argentina pampas region" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:9 [ …9] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s11046-010-9335-0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "171" "paginaInicial" => "139" "paginaFinal" => "149" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 56 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0815" "etiqueta" => "57" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "High performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of patulin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in fruit juices marketed in Malaysia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "142" "paginaFinal" => "149" ] ] ] ] ] ] 57 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0820" "etiqueta" => "58" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol contamination in the durum wheat area of Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Microbiol Res." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "158" "paginaInicial" => "29" "paginaFinal" => "35" ] ] ] ] ] ] 58 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0825" "etiqueta" => "59" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ochratoxin A and the occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing black aspergilli in stored peanut seeds from Córdoba" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. J Sci Food Agric." "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "86" "paginaInicial" => "2369" "paginaFinal" => "2373" ] ] ] ] ] ] 59 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0830" "etiqueta" => "60" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing fungi in commercial corn kernels in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ …6] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "161" "paginaInicial" => "53" "paginaFinal" => "58" ] ] ] ] ] ] 60 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0835" "etiqueta" => "61" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycoflora and ochratoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus section Nigri in wine grapes in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ …5] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01376.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "179" "paginaFinal" => "184" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 61 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0840" "etiqueta" => "62" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins: occurrence, toxicology, and exposure assessment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ …4] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.047" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Chem Toxicol." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "60" "paginaInicial" => "218" "paginaFinal" => "237" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 62 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0845" "etiqueta" => "63" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Factores ambientales que afectan el contenido de fumonisina en granos de maíz" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false …1 ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Trop Plant Pathol." "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "35" "paginaInicial" => "277" "paginaFinal" => "284" ] ] ] ] ] ] 63 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0850" "etiqueta" => "64" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A in some marketed Nigerian foods" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "566" "paginaFinal" => "571" ] ] ] ] ] ] 64 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0855" "etiqueta" => "65" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effects of the Fusarium spp. mycotoxins fusaric acid and deoxynivalenol on the growth of Ruminococcus albus and Methanobrevibacter ruminantium" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1139/w00-045" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Can J Microbiol." "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "46" "paginaInicial" => "692" "paginaFinal" => "699" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 65 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0860" "etiqueta" => "66" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de agricultura, ganadería y pesca [Internet]. Argentina: MAGyP; 2018 [updated Sep 2018; cited Sep 2018]. Available from: https://datos.magyp.gob.ar/reportes.php?reporte=Estimaciones." ] ] ] 66 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0865" "etiqueta" => "67" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de Agroindustria [Internet]. Argentina: MINAGRI; 2018 [updated Sep 2018; cited Sep 2018]. Available from: http://www.agroindustria.gob.ar/sitio/areas/estimaciones/index.php." ] ] ] 67 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0870" "etiqueta" => "68" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in small grains and maize: old problems, new challenges" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "219" "paginaFinal" => "230" ] ] ] ] ] ] 68 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0875" "etiqueta" => "69" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Survey of Aspergillus and Fusarium species and their mycotoxins in raw materials and poultry feeds from Córdoba" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-011-0121-8" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "111" "paginaFinal" => "122" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 69 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0880" "etiqueta" => "70" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Patulin accumulation in apples by Penicillium expansum during postharvest stages" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02035.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol." "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "44" "paginaInicial" => "30" "paginaFinal" => "35" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 70 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0885" "etiqueta" => "71" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Concentration of ochratoxin A in breakfast cereals and snacks consumed in the United States" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "140" "paginaFinal" => "144" ] ] ] ] ] ] 71 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0890" "etiqueta" => "72" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Influence of production on the presence of patulin and ochratoxin A in fruit juices and wines of Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "LWT - Food Sci Technol." "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "80" "paginaInicial" => "200" "paginaFinal" => "207" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] ] ] 72 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0895" "etiqueta" => "73" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Alternaria mycotoxins: an overview of chemical characterization, producers, toxicity, analysis and occurrence in foodstuffs" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "World Mycotoxin J." "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "175" "paginaFinal" => "188" ] ] ] ] ] ] 73 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0900" "etiqueta" => "74" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural occurrence of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in soya beans" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-012-0132-0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "169" "paginaFinal" => "174" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 74 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0905" "etiqueta" => "75" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycoflora and mycotoxins natural occurrence in corn from Entre Rios province" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/BF02946116" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Argentina. Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "17" "paginaInicial" => "39" "paginaFinal" => "44" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 75 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0910" "etiqueta" => "76" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A in wines in the Argentinean and Chilean markets" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "ARKIVOC." "fecha" => "2005" "paginaInicial" => "214" "paginaFinal" => "223" ] ] ] ] ] ] 76 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0915" "etiqueta" => "77" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of Fusarium spp. and fumonisin in durum wheat grains" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1021/jf204035y" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Agric Food Chem." "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "59" "paginaInicial" => "12264" "paginaFinal" => "12269" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 77 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0920" "etiqueta" => "78" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in durum wheat from Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.085" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Chem." "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "230" "paginaInicial" => "728" "paginaFinal" => "734" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 78 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0925" "etiqueta" => "79" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Correlation between Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol during the 2012/13 wheat Fusarium head blight outbreak in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cereal Res Commun." "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "43" "paginaInicial" => "627" "paginaFinal" => "637" ] ] ] ] ] ] 79 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0930" "etiqueta" => "80" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Biological control of Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto, causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat, using formulated antagonists under field conditions in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Biol Control." "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "94" "paginaInicial" => "56" "paginaFinal" => "61" ] ] ] ] ] ] 80 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0935" "etiqueta" => "81" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in cereals and related foodstuffs: A review on occurrence and recent methods of analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Trends Food Sci Technol." "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "96" "paginaFinal" => "136" ] ] ] ] ] ] 81 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0940" "etiqueta" => "82" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Alternaria infectoria species-group associated with Black point of wheat in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Plant Pathol." "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "57" "paginaInicial" => "379" ] ] ] ] ] ] 82 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0945" "etiqueta" => "83" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ochratoxin A and ochratoxigenic Aspergillus species in Argentinian wine grapes cultivated under organic and nonorganic systems" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.07.001" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "114" "paginaInicial" => "131" "paginaFinal" => "135" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 83 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0950" "etiqueta" => "84" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycobiota and toxicogenic Alternaria spp. strains in Malbec wine grapes from DOC San Rafael, Mendoza Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "57" "paginaInicial" => "122" "paginaFinal" => "128" ] ] ] ] ] ] 84 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0955" "etiqueta" => "85" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Alternaria species isolated from wheat in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Proceeding of Myco-Globe: Reducing Impact of Mycotoxins in Tropical Agriculture p.35, Acra Ghana" "fecha" => "2005" ] ] ] ] ] ] 85 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0960" "etiqueta" => "86" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycological and mycotoxin survey on wheat during a non epidemic FHB year in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "Proceeding of 9th European Fusarium Seminar" "fecha" => "2006" "paginaInicial" => "34" ] ] ] ] ] ] 86 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0965" "etiqueta" => "87" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in Latin America and the Caribbean" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "19" "paginaFinal" => "28" ] ] ] ] ] ] 87 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0970" "etiqueta" => "88" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fusaproliferin, beauvericin and fumonisin production by different mating populations among the Gibberella fujikuroi complex isolated from maize" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1017/s095375620300892x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycol Res." "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "108" "paginaInicial" => "154" "paginaFinal" => "160" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 88 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0975" "etiqueta" => "89" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycobiota and mycotoxins in fermented feed, wheat grains and corn grains in Southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.riam.2009.03.003" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Iberoam Micol." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "233" "paginaFinal" => "237" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 89 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0980" "etiqueta" => "90" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Alternaria toxins in Argentinean wheat, bran, and flour" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam: Part B." "fecha" => "2019" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "24" "paginaFinal" => "30" ] ] ] ] ] ] 90 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0985" "etiqueta" => "91" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A review of soybean (Glycine max) seed, pod and flower mycoflora in North America, with methods and a key for identification of selected fungi" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1023/a:1010805224993" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "150" "paginaInicial" => "15" "paginaFinal" => "27" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 91 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0990" "etiqueta" => "92" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Polyphasic taxonomy of the heat resistant ascomycete genus Byssochlamys and its Paecilomyces anamorphs" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.3767/003158509X418925" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Persoonia." "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "14" "paginaFinal" => "27" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 92 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0995" "etiqueta" => "93" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Global occurrence of mycotoxins in the food and feed chain: facts and figures" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "World Mycotoxin J." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "213" "paginaFinal" => "222" ] ] ] ] ] ] 93 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1000" "etiqueta" => "94" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Analysis of wines, grape juices and cranberry juices for Alternaria toxins" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/BF02956778" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res." "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "142" "paginaFinal" => "147" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 94 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1005" "etiqueta" => "95" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Recent advances in mycotoxin determination in food and feed by hyphenated chromatographic techniques/mass spectrometry" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1002/mas.20052" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mass Spectrom Rev." "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "54" "paginaFinal" => "76" "link" => array:1 [ …1] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] ] ] 95 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1010" "etiqueta" => "96" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A survey of fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and aflatoxins contamination in corn-based food products in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/026520399283894" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam." "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "16" "paginaInicial" => "325" "paginaFinal" => "329" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 96 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1015" "etiqueta" => "97" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Incidence and level of patulin contamination in pure and mixed apple juices marketed in Italy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "18" "paginaInicial" => "1098" "paginaFinal" => "1102" ] ] ] ] ] ] 97 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1020" "etiqueta" => "98" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fumonisins in Argentinian field-trial corn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Agric Food Chem." "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "41" "paginaInicial" => "891" "paginaFinal" => "895" ] ] ] ] ] ] 98 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1025" "etiqueta" => "99" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The source of ochratoxin A in Brazilian coffee and its formation in relation to processing methods" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s0168-1605(02)00310-0" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "82" "paginaInicial" => "173" "paginaFinal" => "179" "link" => array:1 [ …1] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3] ] ] ] ] ] ] 99 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1030" "etiqueta" => "100" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Risk assessment of patulin intake through apple-based food by infants and preschool children in Serbia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Asses." "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "2023" "paginaFinal" => "2032" ] ] ] ] ] ] 100 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1035" "etiqueta" => "101" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Determination of mycotoxin profiles characteristic of Alternaria strains isolated from Malbec grapes. 38th World Congress of Vine and Wine" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:3 [ "tituloSerie" => "BIO Web of Conferences" "fecha" => "2015" "paginaInicial" => "02004" ] ] ] ] ] ] 101 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1040" "etiqueta" => "102" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Variability of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid production by Aspergillus section Flavi from different substrates in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s0168-1605(03)00101-6" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol." "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "88" "paginaInicial" => "79" "paginaFinal" => "84" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 102 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1045" "etiqueta" => "103" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pod and seed micoflora on transgenic and conventional soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivars in Mississipi" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1023/b:myco.0000020591.71894.48" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia." "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "157" "paginaInicial" => "207" "paginaFinal" => "215" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 103 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1050" "etiqueta" => "104" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A in wine and beer samples from China" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1080/19393210.2010.535909" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill." "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "52" "paginaFinal" => "56" "link" => array:1 [ …1] ] ] ] ] ] ] 104 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1055" "etiqueta" => "105" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Occurrence of patulin in apple-based-foods largely consumed in Tunisia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Food Control." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "263" "paginaFinal" => "267" ] ] ] ] ] ] 105 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1060" "etiqueta" => "106" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mycobiota and potential mycotoxin contamination of soybean RR in different production areas in Argentina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ …2] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int Res J Plant Sci." "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "133" "paginaFinal" => "143" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack501433" "titulo" => "Acknowledgments" "texto" => "The present work received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 678781 (MycoKey)." "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754120300559/v1_202012180643/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "41741" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artículo especial" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754120300559/v1_202012180643/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0325754120300559?idApp=UINPBA00004N"]

Statistics

Special article

Especies fúngicas toxigénicas y ocurrencia natural de micotoxinas en cultivos y productos cosechados en Argentina

María Laura Chiottaa,c,

Corresponding author

mchiotta@exa.unrc.edu.ar

Corresponding author.

, María Verónica Fumeroa,b, Eugenia Cendoyaa,b, Juan Manuel Palazzinia,c, María Silvina Alaniz-Zanona,c, María Laura Ramireza,c, Sofía Noemí Chulzea,c

a Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology (IMICO) – National Scientific and Technical Research Council – Argentina (CONICET) – National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC). Road 36 Km 601 (5800), Río Cuarto - Córdoba, Argentina

b Fellow from CONICET

c Members of the Research Career of CONICET

Read

3436

Times
was read the article

707

Total PDF

2729

Total HTML

Share statistics

 array:24 [
  "pii" => "S0325754120300559"
  "issn" => "03257541"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.002"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01"
  "aid" => "396"
  "copyright" => "Asociaci&#243;n Argentina de Microbiolog&#237;a"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2020"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:339-47"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0325754119301142"
    "issn" => "03257541"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2019.07.006"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01"
    "aid" => "368"
    "copyright" => "Asociaci&#243;n Argentina de Microbiolog&#237;a"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:348-9"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 17
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 3
        "HTML" => 4
        "PDF" => 10
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Imagen microbiol&#243;gica</span>"
      "titulo" => "Diagn&#243;stico de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cunninghamella bertholletiae</span> Stadel"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "348"
          "paginaFinal" => "349"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Diagnosis of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cunninghamella bertholletiae</span> Stadel"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0010"
          "etiqueta" => "Figura 2"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 608
              "Ancho" => 755
              "Tamanyo" => 88256
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "es" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Esporangi&#243;foros rectos con ves&#237;culas y esporangiolos&#46; Tinci&#243;n de lactofenol con azul de algod&#243;n&#46; 100&#215;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Peggy Vieille Oyarzo, Rodrigo Cruz Choappa"
          "autores" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Peggy"
              "apellidos" => "Vieille Oyarzo"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rodrigo"
              "apellidos" => "Cruz Choappa"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0325754119301142?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754119301142/v1_202012180643/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S032575412030002X"
    "issn" => "03257541"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.ram.2019.12.003"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2020-10-01"
    "aid" => "379"
    "copyright" => "Asociaci&#243;n Argentina de Microbiolog&#237;a"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Rev Argent Microbiol. 2020;52:328-38"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:13 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Optimization of production of xylanases with low cellulases in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium solani</span> by means of a solid state fermentation using statistical experimental design"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "328"
          "paginaFinal" => "338"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Optimizaci&#243;n de la producci&#243;n de xilanasas con celulasas bajas en <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium solani</span> mediante una fermentaci&#243;n del estado s&#243;lido utilizando dise&#241;o experimental estad&#237;stico"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0025"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 5"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1131
              "Ancho" => 1341
              "Tamanyo" => 77552
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">HPLC profile of xylan digestion from treatment 8&#46; Monosaccharide standards &#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;ml&#41; were&#58; Arabinose&#44; red line&#59; Fructose&#44; lemon green line&#59; Glucose&#44; brown line&#59; Mannose&#44; pink line&#59; and Xylose&#44; dark green line&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Mauro M&#46; Mart&#237;nez-Pacheco, Alberto Flores-Garc&#237;a, Miguel A&#46; Zamudio-Jaramillo, Ma&#46; Carmen Ch&#225;vez-Parga, Mariana Alvarez-Navarrete"
          "autores" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mauro M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Mart&#237;nez-Pacheco"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Alberto"
              "apellidos" => "Flores-Garc&#237;a"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Miguel A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Zamudio-Jaramillo"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Ma&#46; Carmen"
              "apellidos" => "Ch&#225;vez-Parga"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mariana"
              "apellidos" => "Alvarez-Navarrete"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S032575412030002X?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
    "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S032575412030002X/v1_202012180643/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:21 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Special article</span>"
    "titulo" => "Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins in crops harvested in Argentina"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "339"
        "paginaFinal" => "347"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Mar&#237;a Laura Chiotta, Mar&#237;a Ver&#243;nica Fumero, Eugenia Cendoya, Juan Manuel Palazzini, Mar&#237;a Silvina Alaniz-Zanon, Mar&#237;a Laura Ramirez, Sof&#237;a Noem&#237; Chulze"
        "autores" => array:7 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a Laura"
            "apellidos" => "Chiotta"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "mchiotta@exa.unrc.edu.ar"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:3 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a Ver&#243;nica"
            "apellidos" => "Fumero"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Eugenia"
            "apellidos" => "Cendoya"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Juan Manuel"
            "apellidos" => "Palazzini"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a Silvina"
            "apellidos" => "Alaniz-Zanon"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a Laura"
            "apellidos" => "Ramirez"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Sof&#237;a Noem&#237;"
            "apellidos" => "Chulze"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Research Institute on Mycology and Micotoxicology &#40;IMICO&#41; &#8211; National Scientific and Technical Research Council &#8211; Argentina &#40;CONICET&#41; &#8211; National University of R&#237;o Cuarto &#40;UNRC&#41;&#46; Road 36 Km 601 &#40;5800&#41;&#44; R&#237;o Cuarto - C&#243;rdoba&#44; Argentina"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Fellow from CONICET"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Members of the Research Career of CONICET"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Especies f&#250;ngicas toxig&#233;nicas y ocurrencia natural de micotoxinas en cultivos y productos cosechados en Argentina"
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 3023
            "Ancho" => 3032
            "Tamanyo" => 818318
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Main crops grown in Argentina&#46; Scale&#58; less than 100&#44;000 tn&#44; between 100&#44;000 tn and 500&#44;000 tn&#44; between 500&#44;000 tn and 1&#44;500&#44;000 tn&#44; between 1&#44;500&#44;000 tn and 4&#44;000&#44;000 tn&#44; between 4&#44;000&#44;000 tn and 6&#44;000&#44;000 tn&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Introduction</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Argentina is located in South America and due to its vast size and range of altitudes&#44;&#160;has a large variety of agroclimatic areas&#46; It is one of the most important food-producing countries worldwide&#44; with almost 30 million hectares of cultivable soil&#46; Agriculture&#44; livestock and agroindustry are the main economic activities&#44;which have traditionally supplied the country with 70&#8211;95&#37; of its export earnings&#46; The economy of Argentina is mainly focused on the import and export of cereals&#44; oil grains&#44; fruits&#44; wine&#44; tea&#44; tobacco and cotton&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0780"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50&#44;66&#44;67</span></a> Annually&#44; 25&#8211;50&#37; of worldwide harvested crops are contaminated with mycotoxins&#44; which are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species not only during crop development&#44; but also in storage conditions&#46; The fungal genera most commonly isolated from foods and by-products are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus&#44;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span>&#46; Different species belonging to these genera can contaminate several substrates and produce mycotoxins causing adverse health effects in consumers&#44; in addition to economic losses in food-producing and food-exporting countries&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0535"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;40&#44;95</span></a> Most mycotoxins showed immunosuppressive&#44; hepatotoxic&#44; nephrotoxic and neurotoxic effects and some of them are carcinogens&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0610"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;55</span></a> Data on the occurrence of toxigenic species and mycotoxins are relevant to determine the contamination risk both for humans and animals in different regions&#46; The present review provides data about the occurrence of toxigenic fungal species and the most frequent mycotoxins detected in cereals&#44; oilseeds&#44; fruits and by-products from Argentina&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Classification of mycotoxins</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The most important mycotoxins based on their occurrence and toxicity are aflatoxins &#40;AFs&#41;&#44; fumonisins &#40;FBs&#41;&#44; zearalenone &#40;ZEA&#41;&#44; trichothecenes &#40;TRCs&#41;&#44; ochratoxin A &#40;OTA&#41; and patulin &#40;PAT&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0805"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">55&#44;93</span></a> Other toxicologically important mycotoxins&#44; but less studied&#44; are ergot alkaloids&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> toxins&#44; citrinin&#44; cyclopiazonic acid&#44; roquefortine C&#44; mycophenolic acid&#44; penitrems&#44; verruculogen&#44; griseofulvin&#44; citreoviridin&#44; among others &#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0840"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">62&#44;81</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aflatoxins and OTA are produced by a species belonging to the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus&#46;</span> Aflatoxins are mainly associated with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus flavus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus parasiticus</span> growth on a variety of food products&#44; including cereals &#40;e&#46;g&#46; maize&#44; wheat&#44; sorghum&#41;&#44; peanuts&#44; edible nuts&#44; legumes and by-products&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0690"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> For OTA contamination in food&#44; the most relevant producing <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> species belong to section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Circundati</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0545"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Within the section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus carbonarius</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus niger</span> have been identified as one of the main sources of OTA contamination and accumulation in grapes&#44; raisins and wines&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0665"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> These species have also contributed to OTA contamination in coffee&#44; cocoa&#44; peanut and cereals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0680"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;59&#44;60&#44;99</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fumonisins&#44; ZEA and TRC are produced by several species of the genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> and wheat and maize are the most frequently contaminated crops&#46; Fumonisins are mainly produced by several members of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium fujikuroi</span> species complex &#40;FFSC&#41;&#44; including <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium verticillioides&#44; Fusarium proliferatum&#44; Fusarium nygamai&#44;</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium fujikuroi</span> as well as by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium oxysporum</span>&#44; which is not included in the FFSC&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0620"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced particularly by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> sensu sticto but also by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium culmorum&#44; Fusarium cerealis&#44; Fusarium equiseti&#44; F&#46; verticillioides&#44; and Fusarium incarnatum</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0840"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">62</span></a> TRCs are divided into four types from A to D&#44; type A and B being the most prevalent toxins found as natural contaminants in the food and feed chains&#46; The most important type A-trichothecenes &#40;A-TRC&#41; are T-2 and HT-2 toxins&#46; Among type B-trichothecenes &#40;B-TRC&#41;&#44; the most frequently occurring mycotoxin is deoxynivalenol &#40;DON&#41;&#44; along with its biosynthetic precursors 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol &#40;3-ADON&#41; and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol &#40;15-ADON&#41;&#46; Type A-TRCs are produced mainly by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium sporotrichioides</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium langsethiae</span> whereas DON by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> ss and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; culmorum</span>&#46; Nivalenol &#40;NIV&#41; co-occurs with Fusarenon-X &#40;FUX&#41; and DON&#44; and is produced mainly by the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> species complex &#40;FGSC&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44; Fusarium crookwellense</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium nivale</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0705"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35&#44;68</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The most relevant <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> toxins are alternariol &#40;AOH&#41;&#44; alternariol monomethyl ether &#40;AME&#41;&#44; tenuazonic acid &#40;TA&#41;&#44; tentoxin and altenuene&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0715"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> Species within this genus are commonly isolated from wheat&#44; sorghum and barley&#46; In oilseeds such as sunflower and rapeseed&#44; tomato&#44; apples&#44; citrus fruits and vegetables&#44; the occurrence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> species has also been reported&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0895"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">73</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patulin is produced by different fungal species such as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium expansum</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium leucopus&#41;&#44; Penicillium crustosum&#44; Penicillium patulum</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium urticae</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium griseofulvum</span>&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus clavatus</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0990"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">92</span></a> Patulin-producing fungi have been isolated from various fruits and vegetables mainly from apple and apple-based commodities&#44; and occasionally from other fruits such as pears&#44; oranges&#44; grapes and their sub-products&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0785"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51&#8211;53&#44;57&#44;70&#44;97&#44;100&#44;105</span></a> Patulin is highly soluble in water and highly stable in aqueous acid media&#59; thus&#44; it commonly contaminates fruit juices&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0780"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">&#8220;Emerging mycotoxins&#8221; are defined as &#8220;mycotoxins&#44; which are neither routinely determined&#44; nor legislatively regulated&#59; however&#44; the evidence of their incidence is rapidly increasing&#8221;&#46; The main <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> mycotoxins included in this group are enniantins&#44; beauvericin&#44; moniliformin&#44; fusaproliferin&#44; fusaric acid and culmorin&#46; Sterigmatocystin and emodin are produced by several <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> species and mycophenolic acid is produced by fungi of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span> species&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0570"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Recently&#44; some researchers have paid attention to their presence in foods and feeds&#44; especially to enniatins and beauvericin&#46; However&#44; data on their toxicity and incidence are still limited&#44; and further research on these metabolites is necessary to determine the toxicological risk due to their occurrence&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins on different crops from Argentina</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several fungal species are commonly isolated from a wide variety of crops commonly grown in Argentina&#46; Their occurrence cause spoilage and reduction in food quality and safety during different stages of the chain production such as pre-harvest&#44; post-harvest processing and transport&#46; Thus&#44; their presence in foods and by-products is considered a potential risk due to their ability to produce mycotoxins&#46;</p><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Wheat flour&#44; bran and grains</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium&#44;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span> species can be found as frequent fungal contaminants in wheat&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0585"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;89</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> was the predominant genus isolated from wheat in different agroecological regions from Argentina such as Entre R&#237;os and the southeast of Buenos Aires province&#44; where <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria alternata</span> is the most prevalent species followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria infectoria</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0585"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;85</span></a> In contrast&#44; Perello et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0940"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">82</span></a> observed a high incidence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; infectoria</span> in wheat grains collected from Buenos Aires area&#44; which could be explained by changes in cropping systems in the last few years&#46; The authors associated this species as the etiological agent of black point disease in wheat grains&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The main pathogen associated with <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> head blight &#40;FHB&#41; or scab worldwide is <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> ss and&#44; it is also the principal pathogen associated with FHB in wheat in Argentina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0810"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">56&#44;80</span></a> However&#44; other <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> species have been isolated from bread &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Triticum aestivum</span> L&#46;&#41; and durum &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Triticum turgidum</span> L&#46; var&#46; durum&#41; wheat grains during FHB non-outbreak years&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium proliferatum</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">subglutinans</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; verticillioides</span> species were recovered from bread wheat&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0960"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">86</span></a> Later&#44; Palacios et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0915"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">77</span></a> reported the presence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; proliferatum&#44; F&#46; oxysporum&#44; F&#46; subglutinans</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; equiseti</span> in durum wheat&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">TRC natural occurrence on bread and durum wheat grains during FHB outbreak years was evaluated across the main wheat growing regions&#44; including Santa Fe&#44; Buenos Aires and C&#243;rdoba provinces &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>&#41;&#46; Type A-TRC&#44; T-2 and HT-2 toxins were detected in 2 to 30&#37; of the samples analyzed with levels ranging from 10 to 70 ng&#47;g and from 10 to 30 ng&#47;g for T-2 and HT-2&#44; respectively&#46; Among type B-TRC&#44; DON was the predominant toxin detected in frequencies ranging from 50 to 85&#37; of the samples&#44; the maximum levels detected being higher than 10&#44;000 ng&#47;g&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0565"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;49&#44;58&#44;79&#44;89</span></a> Palacios et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0920"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">78</span></a> detected not only DON but also the glycosylated form deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside &#40;D3G&#41; in 100 and 94&#37; of durum wheat samples collected from three different geographic locations in the South of Buenos Aires province&#46; The DON and D3G levels observed ranged from 50 to 9&#44;400 ng&#47;g and 50 to 850 ng&#47;g&#44; respectively&#46; Moreover&#44; the DON acetylated derivatives were detected but at lower frequency &#40;49&#37;&#41;&#46; Recently&#44; Cirio et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0675"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> reported natural DON contamination in wheat flour processed in different mills located in Buenos Aires&#44; Santa Fe&#44; Entre R&#237;os&#44; C&#243;rdoba&#44; and Tucum&#225;n provinces&#46; Ninety-one percent of the samples were contaminated with DON and the mean level detected was 243&#44;000 ng&#47;g&#46; Basilico et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0565"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> analyzed NIV occurrence in bread wheat harvested in Santa Fe province and detected NIV levels ranging from 100 to 1&#44;000 ng&#47;g in only 5&#37; of the samples &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fumonisin contamination of durum wheat grain samples collected during two consecutive harvest seasons &#40;2007 and 2008&#41; in different commercial fields located in the South of Buenos Aires province was reported for the first time by Palacios et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0915"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">77</span></a> Data from this survey demonstrated that 97&#37; of the samples collected during the 2007 harvest season showed total FB levels ranging from 10 to 1300 ng&#47;g&#44; while very low levels were detected in samples collected during the 2008 harvest season&#46; The authors argued that these results could be explained by differences in rainfall during both evaluated harvest seasons&#46; Later&#44; Cendoya et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0615"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> reported FB occurrence not only in durum wheat grain samples&#44; but also in bread wheat grain samples harvested in Buenos Aires province&#46; From the samples&#44; 93&#37; were positive for FBs with levels ranging from 0&#46;10 to 700 ng&#47;g and from 0&#46;10 to 1400 ng&#47;g in bread and durum wheat&#44; respectively&#46; Recently FB contamination in flour wheat samples &#40;68&#37;&#41; collected from different retail stores in Rio Cuarto city was observed&#44; with levels ranging from 0&#46;05 to 18&#46;9 ng&#47;g&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0620"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Natural occurrence of AOH&#44; AME and TA in 65 samples of whole&#44; bran&#44; and flour wheat obtained from a mill located in Gualeyguach&#250; &#40;Entre R&#237;os&#41; was observed by Romero Bernal et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0980"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">90</span></a> The wheat grain samples showed low AOH and AME contamination in comparison with TA levels&#46; AOH and AME were not detected in bran and flour samples&#46; The mean levels found for TA in whole&#44; bran and flour wheat were 19&#44;200&#44; 16&#44;800 and 7&#44;300 ng&#47;g&#44; respectively&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Maize flour and grains</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> is commonly isolated from all maize-growing regions of Argentina&#46; Studies on <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> species incidence carried out in both the main and the secondary &#40;Northwest&#41; maize production regions showed that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; verticillioides</span> was the predominant species followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; proliferatum</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> ss&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;46&#44;48&#44;69&#44;75&#44;89</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">subglutinans</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">temperatum</span> occurrence was high &#40;45 and 60&#37;&#41; in the secondary production region&#44; where lower annual temperatures than in the other areas are recorded&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0735"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span> incidence on maize grains ranged from 40 to 60&#37; and the most prevalent species isolated were <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">funiculosum&#44; Penicillium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">citrinum&#44; Penicillium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">decumbens&#44; Penicillium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">oxalycum&#44;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">brevicompactum</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium variable</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0760"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">46&#44;48&#44;60&#44;75</span></a> The genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> was also isolated from maize grains in levels that varied between 15 and 30&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; flavus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; parasiticus</span> being the common observed species&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0595"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#44;36&#44;60</span></a> Among other toxigenic species found in maize&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; alternata</span> was observed in 5 to 10&#37; of the samples&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;36&#44;48&#44;75&#44;89</span></a> Other non-toxigenic fungal species belonging to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cladosporium&#44; Curvularia&#44; Diplodia&#44; Epicoccum&#44; Mucor&#44; Nigrospora&#44; Phoma&#44; Rhizopus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Trichoderma</span> genera were also isolated from this crop<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#46;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;36&#44;48&#44;89</span></a></p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fumonisin B<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span> &#40;FB<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#41; is the main mycotoxin associated with maize&#46; It was detected in high percentages of maize flour and grains &#40;90 to 100&#37;&#41; collected in all maize growing regions and in different genotypes&#44; with levels ranging from 1&#44;000 to 10&#44;000 ng&#47;g&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0580"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;31&#44;44&#44;47&#44;63&#44;69&#44;75&#44;87&#44;89&#44;96&#44;98</span></a> Deoxynivalenol and ZEA have been recovered from maize at lower levels than FB<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#59; in 30&#37; and<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#37; of the samples with levels ranging from 0&#46;1 to 140 ng&#47;g and from 0&#46;1 to 85 ng&#47;g&#44; respectively&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0670"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;44&#44;47&#44;75&#44;87&#44;96</span></a> With regard to AFs&#44; several studies demonstrated low incidence in maize &#40;5 to 10&#37;&#41;&#44; with levels ranging from 30 to 300 ng&#47;g&#46; These studies showed that AF occurrence in maize is influenced by climate conditions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0670"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28&#44;36&#44;44&#44;47&#44;69&#44;75&#44;81&#44;87&#44;89&#44;96</span></a></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although at present the natural occurrence of &#8220;emerging mycotoxins&#8221; in maize has not been evaluated in Argentina yet&#44; the presence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; subglutinans</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; temperatum</span> have been reported&#44; and both species have high potential to produce beauvericin&#44; moniliformin and fusaproliferin&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0735"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41&#44;88</span></a> Possible synergic effects of these metabolites with other main mycotoxins such as DON and FBs have been observed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0720"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38&#44;65</span></a> There is lack of knowledge concerning most of the emerging mycotoxins&#59; thus&#44; further studies will be necessary to obtain information about their natural occurrence and evaluate possible synergism with the main mycotoxins&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Soybean seeds&#44; pods and flowers</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> are the most frequent genera isolated from soybean in Argentina followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sclerotinia&#44; Phomopsis&#44; Rhizoctonia&#44; Cladosporium&#44; Aspergillus</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chaetomium</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;9&#44;11&#44;43&#44;45&#44;91&#44;103&#44;106</span></a> With regard to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; alternata</span> was the most common species found in soybean seed samples&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;11</span></a> Among <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> species&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; equiseti&#44;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium semitectum</span> and FGSC were frequently isolated from soybean seeds and pods&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0560"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;24</span></a> A phylogenetic species recognition of the FGSC isolated from soybean seeds&#44; pods and flowers samples was carried out in order to identify the species responsible for TRC production&#46; The results showed evidence of the presence of four species within the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> species complex&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> ss<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44; Fusarium cortaderiae&#44; Fusarium meridionale and Fusarium boothii</span>&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> ss being the most frequently identified fungal species &#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0655"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The natural occurrence of AOH and AME in 50 soybean seed samples harvested in C&#243;rdoba province was evaluated by Oviedo et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0900"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">74</span></a> Both mycotoxins were present in 60&#37; of the samples whereas 16&#37; and 14&#37; were only contaminated with AOH and AME&#44; respectively&#46; Fifteen of the positive samples showed co-occurrence of both mycotoxins analyzed&#46; Alternariol was detected at levels ranging from 25 to 211 ng&#47;g&#44; whereas AME was detected at concentrations ranging from 62 to 1&#44;153 ng&#47;g&#46; Other studies on TRC natural contamination on soybean grains were conducted in samples also harvested in Cordoba province during the 2007&#47;08 to 2013&#47;14 harvest seasons&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0550"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;6&#44;24&#44;26</span></a> Data showed low DON levels in the sampled area&#44; except during the 2013&#47;14 season where a higher incidence and contamination with levels ranging from 0&#46;7 to 4&#46;3 ng&#47;g were observed&#46; These levels of contamination could be related to higher humidity periods during soybean grain filling and ripening during the 2013&#47;14 harvest season&#46; Although&#44; none of the other mycotoxins such as AFs&#44; ZEA&#44; FBs and OTA were detected in soybean grains&#44; the frequent presence of toxigenic species could indicate a risk of multiple mycotoxin contamination&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0755"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45&#44;106</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Grapes and wines</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> species were frequently isolated in Merlot&#44; Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties collected from Mendoza wine grape growing region&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium&#44; Cladosporium&#44; Fusarium&#44; Trichoderma</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ulocladium</span> species were isolated in lower frequency and were occasionally observed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0630"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;61</span></a> In San Rafael wine grape growing region&#44; the presence of four relevant genera in Malbec grape variety was observed&#46; Among them&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> was predominant &#40;81&#37;&#41;&#44; followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cladosporium</span> &#40;7&#37;&#41; and alternatively by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> &#40;4&#37;&#41; or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span> &#40;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Moreover&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Drechslera</span> and other genera that belong to Mucoromycotina subphylum&#44; were isolated in low levels &#40;&#60;5&#37;&#41;&#46; In this study&#44; all <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> strains were identified as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; alternata</span>&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0950"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">84</span></a> In another study&#44; the incidence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">arborescens</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">tenuisima</span> was also observed in Malbec grapes&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">101</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> species were frequently isolated from different vineyards in Argentina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0635"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21&#8211;23&#44;61&#44;83</span></a> Studies carried out on red grape collected from Mendoza vineyards showed that species included within the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger</span> aggregate were dominant and the main OTA producers&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0835"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">61&#44;83</span></a> Subsequent studies on grapes harvested in different grape growing regions such as La Rioja - Chilecito&#44; San Juan - Tulum Valley&#44; Mendoza - Uco Valley&#44; Mendoza North-East&#44; Mendoza ZARM &#40;high area near Mendoza River&#41;&#44; Mendoza South and Neuqu&#233;n - R&#237;o Negro&#41;&#44; confirmed that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger</span> aggregate species were dominant&#44; followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> &#8220;uniseriate&#8221;&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus carbonarius</span> showed the highest percentages of OTA-producer strains and also the highest toxin level produced&#44; being mainly isolated from the warmer regions&#44; such as La Rioja and San Juan&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0625"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> Using molecular tools&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> species were grouped into four main clusters&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius&#44; Aspergillus tubingensis&#44; A&#46; niger</span> &#8220;aggregate&#44;&#8221; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46;</span> &#8220;uniseriate&#46;&#8221; The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; tubingensis</span> cluster was the most prevalent group and was clearly separated from the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger</span> &#8220;aggregate&#8221;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0635"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> In another study&#44; phylogenetic data corroborated the biodiversity of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> populations&#46; The sequencing data showed that the strains were grouped as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius&#44; A&#46; tubingensis&#44; A&#46; niger&#44;</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus japonicus&#46;</span> Moreover&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus homomorphus</span> was identified and its isolation was relevant because it was the first time that it has been found in vineyards and in Argentina&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0640"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Wine samples collected at manufacturers&#8217; stock and retail markets from different regions of Argentina were analyzed to detect OTA occurrence&#44; the results showing that none of the wine samples were contaminated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0910"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">76</span></a> In another study&#44; OTA contamination from grapes and wine samples collected in different grape-growing regions was evaluated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0625"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> Although ochratoxigenic species were isolated from samples obtained from the regions analyzed&#44; the OTA levels detected in grape and wine samples were low in most of the evaluated samples&#44; ranging from 0&#46;10 to 5&#46;40 ng&#47;g and from 0&#46;01 to 4&#46;82 ng&#47;ml&#44; respectively&#46; Another study showed that imported wines&#44; mainly from Argentina and France&#44; were the most contaminated with OTA&#44; with levels ranging from 0&#46;44 to 2&#46;77 ng&#47;ml&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0695"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Other foodstuffs</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although peanuts &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arachis hypogaea</span>&#160;L&#46;&#41;&#44; yerba mate &#40;Ilex paraguariensis&#160;St&#46; Hil&#46;&#41; and fruits are economically important crops in Argentina&#44; few studies on toxigenic fungi and mycotoxin natural occurrence incidence have been conducted&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Studies on AF-producer species in peanuts harvested in the peanut-growing area of C&#243;rdoba province showed that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; flavus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; parasiticus</span> were frequently isolated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0555"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;102</span></a> Magnoli et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0825"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a> evaluated the occurrence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> in stored peanut grains&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger var&#46; niger</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger var&#46; awamori</span>&#44; followed by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; japonicus</span> being the predominant isolated species&#46; In another study&#44; Magnoli et al&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0825"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a> analyzed stored peanut grains but during a 3-month period&#44; in which&#44; although <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius</span> was isolated in a low percentage&#44; the percentage of OTA-producer strains was high&#46; Aflatoxin&#44; cyclopiazonic acid and OTA contamination in peanuts was detected in levels ranging from 0&#46;043 to 435 ng&#47;g&#44; from 493 to 4300 ng&#47;g&#44; from 0&#46;5 to 170 ng&#47;g&#44; respectively&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0555"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;39&#44;44&#44;102</span></a></p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patulin contamination in foods have been evaluated in different countries&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0540"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;34&#44;54&#44;64&#44;71&#44;104</span></a> In Argentina&#44; Funes and Resnik<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0740"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">42</span></a> analyzed PAT occurrence in solid and semisolid fruit by -products such as apple marmalade&#44; jam&#44; sweet and puree&#44; and pear marmalade&#46; The authors reported that 21&#46;6&#37; of the samples were contaminated with PAT &#40;range 17&#8211;221 ng&#47;g&#41; and the highest contamination level was detected in apple puree with 50&#37; of positive samples&#46; Later&#44; Oteiza et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0890"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">72</span></a> evaluated PAT contamination in fruit commodities &#40;apple&#44; apricot&#44; grape&#44; orange&#44; peach&#44; pear and pineapple&#41; and different types of fruit by-products &#40;concentrated cloudy juice&#44; single strength cloudy juice&#44; concentrated juice&#44; concentrated pulp&#44; single strength pulp and sulphited juice&#41; collected between 2005 and 2013&#46; Data showed that PAT was detected in 33&#46;5&#37; of the samples with levels ranging from 30&#44;000 to 19&#44;622&#44;000 ng&#47;ml&#46; With regard to the effect of fruit commodity&#44; the highest percentage of positive samples &#40;40&#37;&#41; contaminated with PAT and the maximum concentration were detected in apple&#46; The type of products was also an important factor that affected PAT contamination&#59; the higher levels were detected in single strength cloudy juice and single strength pulp &#40;67&#46;4&#37; and 54&#46;1&#37;&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; In grape apple and orange juice&#44; the natural occurrence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> toxins has also been observed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0590"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#44;94</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In a study conducted by Castrillo et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0605"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> incidence in different commercial brands of yerba mate was evaluated&#46; Uniseriate species were more predominant than biseriate species&#46; The percentage of isolated species was higher in milled yerba mate &#40;without an aging period&#41; than in elaborated yerba mate&#46; In a previous study&#44; the same authors performed a phylogenic analysis of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> isolated from yerba mate&#46; In contrast&#44; the results showed that all isolated strains were included in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius</span> clades&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0600"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> No studies about natural mycotoxin occurrence in yerba mate have been conducted yet&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Conclusions</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Different toxigenic fungal species belonging to genera <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium&#44; Aspergillus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> are isolated from the crops of greatest economic importance grown in Argentina&#46; The isolation of these species was influenced by the type of crop and agro-ecological conditions&#46; Mycotoxin occurrence was detected in all crops at variable levels&#44; DON&#44; TRC&#44; FBs and OTA being the most frequently studied&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In Argentina the production of commodities increases annually and fungal contamination and mycotoxin occurrence in the food and feed chains represent a high risk to human and animal health&#44; as well as considerable economic losses due to restrictions to the domestic and international markets&#46; Studies on the occurrence of mycotoxins in different crops and by-products are important because they are reliable approaches to evaluate the potential exposure risk of the populations to these contaminants&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:12 [
        0 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres1437186"
          "titulo" => "Highlights"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0005"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres1437184"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0010"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311739"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        3 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres1437185"
          "titulo" => "Resumen"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0015"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311738"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Classification of mycotoxins"
        ]
        7 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Toxigenic fungal species and natural occurrence of mycotoxins on different crops from Argentina"
          "secciones" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0020"
              "titulo" => "Wheat flour&#44; bran and grains"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0025"
              "titulo" => "Maize flour and grains"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0030"
              "titulo" => "Soybean seeds&#44; pods and flowers"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0035"
              "titulo" => "Grapes and wines"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0040"
              "titulo" => "Other foodstuffs"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        8 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0045"
          "titulo" => "Conclusions"
        ]
        9 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0060"
          "titulo" => "Conflict of interest"
        ]
        10 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xack501433"
          "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        ]
        11 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2019-10-11"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-06-01"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311739"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Toxigenic fungi"
            1 => "Mycotoxins"
            2 => "Cereals"
            3 => "Oilseeds"
            4 => "Fruits"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1311738"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Hongos toxig&#233;nicos"
            1 => "Micotoxinas"
            2 => "Cereales"
            3 => "Oleaginosas"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "highlights" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Highlights"
      "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium&#44; Aspergillus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> species are isolated in crops from Argentina&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fumonisins are mainly detected in maize&#44; wheat and by-products&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trichotecenes occurrence is high in wheat&#44; soybean and by-products&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ochratoxin A and patulin are the main toxins detected in fruits and by-products&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mycotoxin contamination in the food chain represent a toxicological risk for humans&#46;</p></li></ul></p></span>"
    ]
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungal species that mainly belong to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus&#44; Fusarium&#44; Penicillium</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span>&#44; which can grow in a variety of crops including cereals&#44; oilseeds and fruits&#46; Consequently&#44; their prevalence in foods and by-products not only affects human and animal health but also causes important losses in both domestic and international markets&#46; This review provides data about toxigenic fungal species and mycotoxin occurrence in different crops commonly grown in Argentina&#46; This information will be relevant to establish adequate management strategies to reduce the impact of mycotoxins on human food and animal feed chains and to implement future legislation on the maximum permitted levels of these fungal metabolites&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios producidos por diferentes especies f&#250;ngicas pertenecientes&#44; principalmente&#44; a los g&#233;neros <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span>&#46; Dichos microorganismos pueden crecer en una gran variedad de cultivos&#44; entre los que se incluyen cereales&#44; oleaginosas y frutas&#46; La presencia de micotoxinas en alimentos y subproductos no s&#243;lo afecta la salud humana y animal&#44; sino que tambi&#233;n causa p&#233;rdidas importantes en los mercados nacionales e internacionales&#46; Esta revisi&#243;n proporciona datos sobre la prevalencia de especies f&#250;ngicas toxig&#233;nicas y de micotoxinas en diferentes cultivos y productos cosechados en Argentina&#46; Dicha informaci&#243;n ser&#225; relevante para establecer estrategias de manejo adecuadas para reducir la entrada de las micotoxinas en las cadenas alimentarias del hombre y de los animales&#44; as&#237; como para establecer futuras legislaciones sobre los niveles m&#225;ximos permitidos de dichos metabolitos&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 3023
            "Ancho" => 3032
            "Tamanyo" => 818318
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Main crops grown in Argentina&#46; Scale&#58; less than 100&#44;000 tn&#44; between 100&#44;000 tn and 500&#44;000 tn&#44; between 500&#44;000 tn and 1&#44;500&#44;000 tn&#44; between 1&#44;500&#44;000 tn and 4&#44;000&#44;000 tn&#44; between 4&#44;000&#44;000 tn and 6&#44;000&#44;000 tn&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">ND&#58; No data&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Crops&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Species&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Fungal incidence &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mycotoxins&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37; positive samples&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Levels &#40;ng&#47;g&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Wheat&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20 - 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">T2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">HT2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">50 - 85&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1000 - 10000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NIV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 - 1000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; proliferatum</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FBs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90 - 100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 1400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Maize&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; verticillioides</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80 - 100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FBs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90 - 100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1000 - 10000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; proliferatum</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60 -75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;1 - 140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ZEA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;1 - 85&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; flavus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">AFs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 - 10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 - 300&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; parasiticus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soybean&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; alternata</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ND&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">AOH&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20 - 200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">AME&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10 - 20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60 - 1200&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ND&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DON&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">500 - 5000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Grapes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; niger</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">OTA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40 - 50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;1 - 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A&#46; carbonarius</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2472149.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fungal species and principal mycotoxins in the main crops cultivated in Argentina&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:106 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0535"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fungal mycotoxins in foods&#58; A review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [ …1]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cogent Food Agric&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "paginaFinal" => "11"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0540"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "decontamination&#58; A review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "326"
                        "paginaFinal" => "333"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0545"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "OTA-producing fungi in foodstuffs&#58; a review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "paginaInicial" => "259"
                        "paginaFinal" => "268"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0550"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Safety aspect in soybean food and feed chains&#58; fungal and mycotoxin contamination"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:5 [
                        "editores" => "T&#46;B&#46;Ng"
                        "titulo" => "Soybean&#46; Biochemistry&#44; Chemistry and Physiology&#46;"
                        "paginaInicial" => "7"
                        "paginaFinal" => "20"
                        "serieFecha" => "2011"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0555"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> species from section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Flavi</span> isolated from soil at planting and harvest time in peanut-growing regions of Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Sci&#160;Food&#160;Agric&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "83"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1303"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1307"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0560"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Natural deoxynivalenol occurrence and genotype and chemotype determination of a field population of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> complex associated with soybean in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [ …8]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "293"
                        "paginaFinal" => "303"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0565"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fungal diversity and natural occurrence of fusaproliferin&#44; beauvericin&#44; deoxynivalenol and nivalenol in wheat cultivated in Santa Fe Province&#44; Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-010-0043-x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "paginaInicial" => "85"
                        "paginaFinal" => "91"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0570"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Masked mycotoxins&#58; A review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:10 [ …10]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mol Nutr Food Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "57"
                        "paginaInicial" => "165"
                        "paginaFinal" => "186"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0575"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Soja y micotoxinas&#58; Flora f&#250;ngica- Variedades - Pr&#225;cticas agron&#243;micas"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Aceites y Grasas&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "10"
                        "paginaFinal" => "515"
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S1808869415303025"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "18088694"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0580"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Distribution of fumonisins in dry-milled corn fractions in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/02652030110103484"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "465"
                        "paginaFinal" => "469"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0585"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria alternata</span> prevalence in cereal grains and soybean seeds from Entre Rios"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/s1130-1406(07)70012-8"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; Rev Iberoam Micol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "47"
                        "paginaFinal" => "51"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0165587615006266"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01655876"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0590"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in beverages from the Entre Rios Province market"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-012-0147-6"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "17"
                        "paginaFinal" => "22"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0165587617302008"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01655876"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0595"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fungal screening and aflatoxin production by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Flavi</span> isolated from pre-harvest maize ears grown in two Argentine regions"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Crop Prot&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "92"
                        "paginaInicial" => "41"
                        "paginaFinal" => "48"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0600"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> isolated from yerba mate in Misiones &#40;Argentina&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "BAG J Basic Appl Genet&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0165587617303865"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01655876"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0605"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Isolation of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> strains in yerba mate in Posadas &#40;Misiones Argentina&#41; and evaluation of their ochratoxigenic potential"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/s0325-7541(13)70009-9"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Argent Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "45"
                        "paginaInicial" => "110"
                        "paginaFinal" => "113"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0165587612007227"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01655876"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0610"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Council for Agricultural Science and Technology &#40;CAST&#41;&#46; Mycotoxins&#58; risks in plant&#44; animal&#44; and human systems&#59; Task force report No139&#44; 2003&#46; Ames&#44; Iowa&#44; USA&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0615"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fumonisin occurrence in naturally contaminated wheat grain harvested in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "37"
                        "paginaInicial" => "56"
                        "paginaFinal" => "61"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0620"
              "etiqueta" => "18"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fumonisin occurrence in wheat-based products from Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#58; Part B&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "31"
                        "paginaFinal" => "37"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0625"
              "etiqueta" => "19"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> species isolated from different wine grape growing regions in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.08.013"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "136"
                        "paginaInicial" => "137"
                        "paginaFinal" => "141"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0630"
              "etiqueta" => "20"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Influence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Planococcus ficus</span> on <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> and ochratoxin A incidence in vineyards from Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02884.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "51"
                        "paginaInicial" => "212"
                        "paginaFinal" => "218"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0635"
              "etiqueta" => "21"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Molecular characterization and toxigenic profile of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> populations isolated from the main grape-growing regions in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04898.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Appl Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "110"
                        "paginaInicial" => "445"
                        "paginaFinal" => "454"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0640"
              "etiqueta" => "22"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Phylogenetic characterization and ochratoxin A - fumonisin profile of black Aspergillus isolated from grapes in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.06.002"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "149"
                        "paginaInicial" => "171"
                        "paginaFinal" => "176"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0645"
              "etiqueta" => "23"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Biodiversity of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> populations in Argentinian vineyards and ochratoxin A contamination"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.fm.2013.04.003"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "36"
                        "paginaInicial" => "182"
                        "paginaFinal" => "190"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0650"
              "etiqueta" => "24"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fuentes de in&#243;culo de especies de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> potenciales productoras de micotoxinas en el agroecosistema soja"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Fac Cienc Agrar&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "47"
                        "paginaInicial" => "171"
                        "paginaFinal" => "184"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0655"
              "etiqueta" => "25"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Phylogenetic analyses of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> species complex isolated from soybean in Argentina and Brazil"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Australas Plant Dis Notes&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "10"
                        "paginaInicial" => "32"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0660"
              "etiqueta" => "26"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dynamic of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">F&#46; graminearum</span> species complex populations in soybean wheat rotation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "XI Congreso Argentino de Microbiolog&#237;a General SAMIGE"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "paginaInicial" => "495"
                        "paginaFinal" => "497"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0665"
              "etiqueta" => "27"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> and ochratoxin A in Latin America"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:5 [
                        "editores" => "N&#46;Grarg, S&#46;M&#46;Abdel-Aziz, A&#46;Aeron"
                        "titulo" => "Microbes in Food and Health"
                        "paginaInicial" => "265"
                        "paginaFinal" => "287"
                        "serieFecha" => "2016"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0670"
              "etiqueta" => "28"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Incidence of aflatoxin&#44; zearalenone&#44; and deoxynivalenol on corn in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [ …8]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/BF03192111"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1989"
                        "volumen" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "9"
                        "paginaFinal" => "12"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S187628591830528X"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "18762859"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0675"
              "etiqueta" => "29"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Incidence of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat Flour in Argentina and GC&#8211;ECD Method Validation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.5740/jaoacint.19-0029"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J AOAC Int&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "102"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1721"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1724"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0680"
              "etiqueta" => "30"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A in cocoa during farm processing"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.031"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "143"
                        "paginaInicial" => "67"
                        "paginaFinal" => "70"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0685"
              "etiqueta" => "31"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fumonisins in maize and gluten meal analysed in Argentinean wet milling industrial plants by ELISA compared with HPLC-FLD method"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "67"
                        "paginaInicial" => "285"
                        "paginaFinal" => "291"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0690"
              "etiqueta" => "32"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins and their effects on human and animal health"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "36"
                        "paginaInicial" => "159"
                        "paginaFinal" => "165"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0695"
              "etiqueta" => "33"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "in wines and evaluation of consumer exposure"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:8 [ …8]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Public Health&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "107"
                        "paginaFinal" => "114"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            33 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0700"
              "etiqueta" => "34"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of mycotoxins in fruit juices and wine"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                        "paginaInicial" => "225"
                        "paginaFinal" => "227"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            34 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0705"
              "etiqueta" => "35"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Desjardins AE&#44; editor&#46; 2006&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> mycotoxins&#58; chemistry&#44; genetics&#44; and biology&#46; APS Press&#46; &#91;On-line&#93; https&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;cabdirect&#46;org&#47;cabdirect&#47;abstract&#47;20063036927&#46; Consultado el 4 de febrero de 2020&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            35 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0710"
              "etiqueta" => "36"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Flavi</span> and aflatoxin B 1 in corn genotypes and corn meal in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1023/a:1007040123181"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "147"
                        "paginaInicial" => "37"
                        "paginaFinal" => "41"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            36 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0715"
              "etiqueta" => "37"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "European Food Safety Authority &#40;EFSA&#41;&#46; Scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of zearalenone in food&#46; EFSA J&#46; 2011&#59; 9&#58;2197&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            37 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0720"
              "etiqueta" => "38"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effects of diacetoxyscirpenol and fusaric acid on poults&#58; Individual and combined effects of dietary diacetoxyscirpenol and fusaric acid on turkey poult performance"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Poult Sci&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "350"
                        "paginaFinal" => "355"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            38 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0725"
              "etiqueta" => "39"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Natural co-occurrence of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid in peanuts grown in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/02652030110057125"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1017"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1020"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            39 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0730"
              "etiqueta" => "40"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Food and Agriculture Organization for the United Nations &#40;FAO&#41;&#46; WFP&#44; The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2013&#46;&#160;The multiple dimensions of food security&#46; 2013&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            40 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0735"
              "etiqueta" => "41"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium temperatum</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium subglutinans</span> isolated from maize in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.01.011"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "199"
                        "paginaInicial" => "86"
                        "paginaFinal" => "92"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            41 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0740"
              "etiqueta" => "42"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Determination of patulin in solid and semisolid apple and pear products marketed in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "277"
                        "paginaFinal" => "280"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            42 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0745"
              "etiqueta" => "43"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Efecto conjunto de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> sp&#46; y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Phomopsis</span> sp&#46;&#44; pat&#243;genos transmitidos por las semillas en pl&#225;ntulas de soja &#91;Glycine max &#40;L&#46;&#41; Merrill&#93;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Mex Fitopatol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "156"
                        "paginaFinal" => "158"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            43 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0750"
              "etiqueta" => "44"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins occurrence in Argentina&#39;s maize &#40;Zea mays L&#46;&#41;&#44; from 1999 to 2010"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "25"
                        "paginaInicial" => "660"
                        "paginaFinal" => "665"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            44 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0755"
              "etiqueta" => "45"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycoflora and mycotoxins contamination of soybean RR harvested in the Pampean Region"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-013-0169-8"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "147"
                        "paginaFinal" => "157"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            45 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0760"
              "etiqueta" => "46"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycoflora of Argentinian corn harvested in the main production area in 1990"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/BF01104346"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "130"
                        "paginaInicial" => "29"
                        "paginaFinal" => "36"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            46 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0765"
              "etiqueta" => "47"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Natural co-occurrence of fumonisins&#44; deoxynivalenol&#44; zearalenone and aflatoxins in field trial corn in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/026520399283704"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "565"
                        "paginaFinal" => "569"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            47 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0770"
              "etiqueta" => "48"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycoflora of freshly harvested flint corn from Northwestern Provinces in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1023/a:1021125609408"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "155"
                        "paginaInicial" => "207"
                        "paginaFinal" => "211"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            48 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0775"
              "etiqueta" => "49"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Trichothecenes and mycoflora in wheat harvested in nine locations in Buenos Aires province Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:7 [ …7]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s11046-007-9084-x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "165"
                        "paginaInicial" => "105"
                        "paginaFinal" => "114"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            49 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0780"
              "etiqueta" => "50"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Long-term survey of patulin in apple juice concentrates produced in Turkey"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/026520300750038117"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "933"
                        "paginaFinal" => "936"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            50 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0785"
              "etiqueta" => "51"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Survey of patulin in apple juice concentrates in Shaanxi &#40;China&#41; and its dietary intake"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "paginaInicial" => "570"
                        "paginaFinal" => "573"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            51 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0790"
              "etiqueta" => "52"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Patulin surveillance in apple cider and juice marketed in Michigan"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [ …3]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.4315/0362-028x-72.6.1255"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Food Prot&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "72"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1255"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1261"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            52 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0795"
              "etiqueta" => "53"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Incidence of patulin in Brazilian apple-based drinks"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "417"
                        "paginaFinal" => "422"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            53 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0800"
              "etiqueta" => "54"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in human milk in Ribeirao Preto-SP"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Brazil&#46; Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "paginaInicial" => "310"
                        "paginaFinal" => "313"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            54 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0805"
              "etiqueta" => "55"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Internatinal Agency for Research on Cancer&#46; IARC working group reports N&#176;9&#46; Mycotoxin Control in low- and middle-income countries&#46; Wild C&#44; Miller JD&#44; Groopman D&#44; editors&#46; Lyon&#44; France&#44; 2015&#44; p&#46; 54&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            55 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0810"
              "etiqueta" => "56"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of different species of Fusarium from wheat in relation to disease levels predicted by a weather-based model in Argentina pampas region"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:9 [ …9]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s11046-010-9335-0"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "171"
                        "paginaInicial" => "139"
                        "paginaFinal" => "149"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            56 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0815"
              "etiqueta" => "57"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "High performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of patulin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in fruit juices marketed in Malaysia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "142"
                        "paginaFinal" => "149"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            57 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0820"
              "etiqueta" => "58"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> and deoxynivalenol contamination in the durum wheat area of Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Microbiol Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "158"
                        "paginaInicial" => "29"
                        "paginaFinal" => "35"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            58 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0825"
              "etiqueta" => "59"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ochratoxin A and the occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing black aspergilli in stored peanut seeds from C&#243;rdoba"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; J Sci Food Agric&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "86"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2369"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2373"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            59 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0830"
              "etiqueta" => "60"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing fungi in commercial corn kernels in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [ …6]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "161"
                        "paginaInicial" => "53"
                        "paginaFinal" => "58"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            60 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0835"
              "etiqueta" => "61"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycoflora and ochratoxin-producing strains of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nigri</span> in wine grapes in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [ …5]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01376.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "37"
                        "paginaInicial" => "179"
                        "paginaFinal" => "184"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            61 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0840"
              "etiqueta" => "62"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins&#58; occurrence&#44; toxicology&#44; and exposure assessment"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [ …4]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.047"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Chem Toxicol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "60"
                        "paginaInicial" => "218"
                        "paginaFinal" => "237"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [ …2]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            62 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0845"
              "etiqueta" => "63"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Factores ambientales que afectan el contenido de fumonisina en granos de ma&#237;z"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                           …1
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Trop Plant Pathol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "35"
                        "paginaInicial" => "277"
                        "paginaFinal" => "284"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            63 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0850"
              "etiqueta" => "64"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A in some marketed Nigerian foods"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "566"
                        "paginaFinal" => "571"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            64 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0855"
              "etiqueta" => "65"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Effects of the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> spp&#46; mycotoxins fusaric acid and deoxynivalenol on the growth of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ruminococcus albus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Methanobrevibacter ruminantium</span>"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1139/w00-045"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Can J Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "paginaInicial" => "692"
                        "paginaFinal" => "699"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            65 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0860"
              "etiqueta" => "66"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de agricultura&#44; ganader&#237;a y pesca &#91;Internet&#93;&#46; Argentina&#58; MAGyP&#59; 2018 &#91;updated Sep 2018&#59; cited Sep 2018&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; https&#58;&#47;&#47;datos&#46;magyp&#46;gob&#46;ar&#47;reportes&#46;php&#63;reporte<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estimaciones&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            66 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0865"
              "etiqueta" => "67"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de Agroindustria &#91;Internet&#93;&#46; Argentina&#58; MINAGRI&#59; 2018 &#91;updated Sep 2018&#59; cited Sep 2018&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;agroindustria&#46;gob&#46;ar&#47;sitio&#47;areas&#47;estimaciones&#47;index&#46;php&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            67 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0870"
              "etiqueta" => "68"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in small grains and maize&#58; old problems&#44; new challenges"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "25"
                        "paginaInicial" => "219"
                        "paginaFinal" => "230"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            68 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0875"
              "etiqueta" => "69"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Survey of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> species and their mycotoxins in raw materials and poultry feeds from C&#243;rdoba"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-011-0121-8"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "111"
                        "paginaFinal" => "122"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            69 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0880"
              "etiqueta" => "70"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Patulin accumulation in apples by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Penicillium expansum</span> during postharvest stages"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02035.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Lett Appl Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "44"
                        "paginaInicial" => "30"
                        "paginaFinal" => "35"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            70 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0885"
              "etiqueta" => "71"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Concentration of ochratoxin A in breakfast cereals and snacks consumed in the United States"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "40"
                        "paginaInicial" => "140"
                        "paginaFinal" => "144"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            71 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0890"
              "etiqueta" => "72"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Influence of production on the presence of patulin and ochratoxin A in fruit juices and wines of Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "LWT - Food Sci Technol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "80"
                        "paginaInicial" => "200"
                        "paginaFinal" => "207"
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            72 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0895"
              "etiqueta" => "73"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Alternaria mycotoxins&#58; an overview of chemical characterization&#44; producers&#44; toxicity&#44; analysis and occurrence in foodstuffs"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "World Mycotoxin J&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "175"
                        "paginaFinal" => "188"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            73 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0900"
              "etiqueta" => "74"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Natural occurrence of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in soya beans"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12550-012-0132-0"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "169"
                        "paginaFinal" => "174"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            74 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0905"
              "etiqueta" => "75"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycoflora and mycotoxins natural occurrence in corn from Entre Rios province"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/BF02946116"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Argentina&#46; Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "39"
                        "paginaFinal" => "44"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            75 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0910"
              "etiqueta" => "76"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A in wines in the Argentinean and Chilean markets"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "ARKIVOC&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "paginaInicial" => "214"
                        "paginaFinal" => "223"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            76 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0915"
              "etiqueta" => "77"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> spp&#46; and fumonisin in durum wheat grains"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1021/jf204035y"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Agric Food Chem&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2011"
                        "volumen" => "59"
                        "paginaInicial" => "12264"
                        "paginaFinal" => "12269"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            77 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0920"
              "etiqueta" => "78"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in durum wheat from Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.085"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Chem&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "230"
                        "paginaInicial" => "728"
                        "paginaFinal" => "734"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            78 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0925"
              "etiqueta" => "79"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Correlation between <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> and deoxynivalenol during the 2012&#47;13 wheat <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> head blight outbreak in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cereal Res Commun&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "43"
                        "paginaInicial" => "627"
                        "paginaFinal" => "637"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            79 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0930"
              "etiqueta" => "80"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Biological control of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium graminearum</span> sensu stricto&#44; causal agent of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusarium</span> head blight of wheat&#44; using formulated antagonists under field conditions in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Biol Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "94"
                        "paginaInicial" => "56"
                        "paginaFinal" => "61"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            80 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0935"
              "etiqueta" => "81"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in cereals and related foodstuffs&#58; A review on occurrence and recent methods of analysis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Trends Food Sci Technol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "36"
                        "paginaInicial" => "96"
                        "paginaFinal" => "136"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            81 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0940"
              "etiqueta" => "82"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria infectoria</span> species-group associated with Black point of wheat in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Plant Pathol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "57"
                        "paginaInicial" => "379"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            82 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0945"
              "etiqueta" => "83"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Ochratoxin A and ochratoxigenic <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> species in Argentinian wine grapes cultivated under organic and nonorganic systems"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.07.001"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "114"
                        "paginaInicial" => "131"
                        "paginaFinal" => "135"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            83 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0950"
              "etiqueta" => "84"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycobiota and toxicogenic <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> spp&#46; strains in Malbec wine grapes from DOC San Rafael&#44; Mendoza Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "57"
                        "paginaInicial" => "122"
                        "paginaFinal" => "128"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            84 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0955"
              "etiqueta" => "85"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> species isolated from wheat in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:2 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proceeding of Myco-Globe&#58; Reducing Impact of Mycotoxins in Tropical Agriculture p&#46;35&#44; Acra Ghana"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            85 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0960"
              "etiqueta" => "86"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycological and mycotoxin survey on wheat during a non epidemic FHB year in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Proceeding of 9th European Fusarium Seminar"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "paginaInicial" => "34"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            86 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0965"
              "etiqueta" => "87"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotoxins in Latin America and the Caribbean"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "19"
                        "paginaFinal" => "28"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            87 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0970"
              "etiqueta" => "88"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fusaproliferin&#44; beauvericin and fumonisin production by different mating populations among the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Gibberella fujikuroi</span> complex isolated from maize"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1017/s095375620300892x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycol Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "108"
                        "paginaInicial" => "154"
                        "paginaFinal" => "160"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            88 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0975"
              "etiqueta" => "89"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycobiota and mycotoxins in fermented feed&#44; wheat grains and corn grains in Southeastern Buenos Aires Province&#44; Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.riam.2009.03.003"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Iberoam Micol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "paginaInicial" => "233"
                        "paginaFinal" => "237"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            89 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0980"
              "etiqueta" => "90"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> toxins in Argentinean wheat&#44; bran&#44; and flour"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#58; Part B&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "24"
                        "paginaFinal" => "30"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            90 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0985"
              "etiqueta" => "91"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A review of soybean &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Glycine max</span>&#41; seed&#44; pod and flower mycoflora in North America&#44; with methods and a key for identification of selected fungi"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1023/a:1010805224993"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "150"
                        "paginaInicial" => "15"
                        "paginaFinal" => "27"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            91 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0990"
              "etiqueta" => "92"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Polyphasic taxonomy of the heat resistant ascomycete genus <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Byssochlamys</span> and its <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Paecilomyces</span> anamorphs"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3767/003158509X418925"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Persoonia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "14"
                        "paginaFinal" => "27"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            92 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0995"
              "etiqueta" => "93"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Global occurrence of mycotoxins in the food and feed chain&#58; facts and figures"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "World Mycotoxin J&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "213"
                        "paginaFinal" => "222"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            93 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1000"
              "etiqueta" => "94"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Analysis of wines&#44; grape juices and cranberry juices for Alternaria toxins"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/BF02956778"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycotoxin Res&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "142"
                        "paginaFinal" => "147"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            94 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1005"
              "etiqueta" => "95"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Recent advances in mycotoxin determination in food and feed by hyphenated chromatographic techniques&#47;mass spectrometry"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1002/mas.20052"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mass Spectrom Rev&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "25"
                        "paginaInicial" => "54"
                        "paginaFinal" => "76"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            95 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1010"
              "etiqueta" => "96"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A survey of fumonisins&#44; deoxynivalenol&#44; zearalenone and aflatoxins contamination in corn-based food products in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/026520399283894"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "325"
                        "paginaFinal" => "329"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            96 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1015"
              "etiqueta" => "97"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Incidence and level of patulin contamination in pure and mixed apple juices marketed in Italy"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1098"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1102"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            97 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1020"
              "etiqueta" => "98"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fumonisins in Argentinian field-trial corn"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Agric Food Chem&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "41"
                        "paginaInicial" => "891"
                        "paginaFinal" => "895"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            98 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1025"
              "etiqueta" => "99"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The source of ochratoxin A in Brazilian coffee and its formation in relation to processing methods"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/s0168-1605(02)00310-0"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "82"
                        "paginaInicial" => "173"
                        "paginaFinal" => "179"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ …3]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            99 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1030"
              "etiqueta" => "100"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Risk assessment of patulin intake through apple-based food by infants and preschool children in Serbia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Asses&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "paginaInicial" => "2023"
                        "paginaFinal" => "2032"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            100 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1035"
              "etiqueta" => "101"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Determination of mycotoxin profiles characteristic of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Alternaria</span> strains isolated from Malbec grapes&#46; 38th&#160;World Congress of Vine and Wine"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "BIO Web of Conferences"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "paginaInicial" => "02004"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            101 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1040"
              "etiqueta" => "102"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Variability of aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid production by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aspergillus</span> section <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Flavi</span> from different substrates in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/s0168-1605(03)00101-6"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Food Microbiol&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "88"
                        "paginaInicial" => "79"
                        "paginaFinal" => "84"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            102 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1045"
              "etiqueta" => "103"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Pod and seed micoflora on transgenic and conventional soybean &#91;Glycine max &#40;L&#46;&#41; Merrill&#93; cultivars in Mississipi"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1023/b:myco.0000020591.71894.48"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mycopathologia&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "157"
                        "paginaInicial" => "207"
                        "paginaFinal" => "215"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            103 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1050"
              "etiqueta" => "104"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of ochratoxin A in wine and beer samples from China"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/19393210.2010.535909"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "52"
                        "paginaFinal" => "56"
                        "link" => array:1 [ …1]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            104 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1055"
              "etiqueta" => "105"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Occurrence of patulin in apple-based-foods largely consumed in Tunisia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Food Control&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "263"
                        "paginaFinal" => "267"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            105 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1060"
              "etiqueta" => "106"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycobiota and potential mycotoxin contamination of soybean RR in different production areas in Argentina"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [ …2]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int Res J Plant Sci&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "4"
                        "paginaInicial" => "133"
                        "paginaFinal" => "143"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "agradecimientos" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "identificador" => "xack501433"
        "titulo" => "Acknowledgments"
        "texto" => "<p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The present work received funding from the European Union&#39;s Horizon 2020 Research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No&#46; 678781 &#40;MycoKey&#41;&#46;</p>"
        "vista" => "all"
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754120300559/v1_202012180643/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "41741"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Art&#237;culo especial"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03257541/0000005200000004/v1_202012180643/S0325754120300559/v1_202012180643/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004N&text.app=https://www.elsevier.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0325754120300559?idApp=UINPBA00004N"
]

Article information

ISSN: 03257541
Original language: English

DOI:10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.002

The statistics are updated each day

Year/Month	Html	Pdf	Total

2024 November	5	6	11
2024 October	77	6	83
2024 September	68	17	85
2024 August	80	12	92
2024 July	69	6	75
2024 June	55	11	66
2024 May	48	8	56
2024 April	78	12	90
2024 March	88	15	103
2024 February	267	11	278
2024 January	66	14	80
2023 December	80	18	98
2023 November	76	15	91
2023 October	70	11	81
2023 September	42	9	51
2023 August	34	5	39
2023 July	51	10	61
2023 June	45	3	48
2023 May	75	10	85
2023 April	52	3	55
2023 March	49	10	59
2023 February	32	9	41
2023 January	43	9	52
2022 December	42	14	56
2022 November	30	16	46
2022 October	37	15	52
2022 September	35	40	75
2022 August	48	35	83
2022 July	30	9	39
2022 June	27	20	47
2022 May	39	16	55
2022 April	33	13	46
2022 March	50	11	61
2022 February	59	13	72
2022 January	105	18	123
2021 December	72	14	86
2021 November	76	18	94
2021 October	67	39	106
2021 September	28	12	40
2021 August	54	11	65
2021 July	35	15	50
2021 June	35	11	46
2021 May	34	11	45
2021 April	58	17	75
2021 March	67	19	86
2021 February	48	22	70
2021 January	19	11	30
2020 December	10	9	19
2020 November	12	11	23
2020 October	7	7	14
2020 September	7	8	15
2020 August	9	12	21
2020 July	6	10	16

Show all

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Indexed in:

Follow us:

Statistics

Subscribe to our newsletter