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Inicio Revista Clínica de Periodoncia, Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral Presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola...
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Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 54-58 (August 2011)
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Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 54-58 (August 2011)
Open Access
Presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans en el biofilm subgingival de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2: Estudio transversal
Presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival biofilm of diabetic mellitus 2 patients: a cross sectional study
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A.J. Quintero1,
Corresponding author
drantonio.quintero@gmail.com

Correspondencia autor.
, P. Prada2, C.M. Inostroza3, A. Chaparro1, A.F. Sanz1, V.L. Ramírez4, H.C. Morales5
1 Profesor Asistente. Departamento de Periodoncia. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
2 Cirujano Dentista. Universidad de los Andes. Chile
3 Bioquímico. Magíster en Ciencias Biológicas. Centro de Biología y Regeneración Oral (CIBRO). Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
4 Magíster Salud Pública. Departamento de Ciencias, Investigación y Gestión. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
5 Jefe Departamento de Medicina Interna. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
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Resumen
Antecedentes

La investigación de la microflora subgingival en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con periodontitis ha presentado resultados contradictorios.

Objetivo

Determinar la presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forshytia, Treponema denticola y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, en el biofilm subgingival de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 y relacionarlo con el grado de control metabólico.

Método

Estudio descriptivo transversal, en el cual se analizaron 23 pacientes diabéticos derivados consecutivamente del Policlínico de Especialidades de la Universidad de los Andes. Previo consentimiento informado, se realizó un examen clínico periodontal que incluyó mediciones de profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica y sangrado gingival. Fueron clasificados según severidad de periodontitis y control metabólico de la diabetes determinado por un promedio de 3 exámenes de hemoglobina glicosilada. La detección microbiológica se realizó mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa.

Resultados

En el grupo de pacientes estudiados, Treponema denticola y Tannerella forsythia fueron las bacterias más prevalentes (65.2%), seguida por Porphyromonas gingivalis (17.3%) y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (13%). Los pacientes con peor control glicémico tuvieron una mayor presencia de Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis y Agreggatibacter actinomycetemcomitans y un aumento en el índice de sangrado al sondaje.

Conclusiones

En el grupo de pacientes diabéticos estudiado, las bacterias más prevalentes fueron Treponema denticola y Tannerella forsythia. Los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con moderado y mal control glicémico presentaron mayor presencia de los microorganismos estudiados, comparado con los grupos con mejores niveles de control glicémico.

Palabras clave:
Diabetes mellitus
patógenos periodontales
control glicémico
Abstract
Background

The investigation of subgingival microflora in type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis presented conflicting results.

Aim

To determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forshytia, Treponema denticola and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival biofilm of patients with diabetes type 2 and to relate it to the degree of metabolic control.

Method

A descriptive study, which analyzed 23 diabetic patients consecutively referred from the Internal Medicine Unit of Medicine Faculty at Universidad de los Andes was conducted. After obtaining an informed consent from the patients a clinical examination that included measurements of periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment level and gingival bleeding was performed. The patients were classified according to the severity of periodontitis and metabolic control of diabetes as determined by an average of 3 of glycosylated haemoglobin tests. Microbial technique was performed by chain reaction of polymerase.

Results

In the group of patients examined the most prevalent bacteria were, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia (65.2%), followed by Porphyromonas gingivalis (17.3%) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (13%). Patients with poor glycemic control had a greater presence of Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Agreggatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and an increase in the rate of bleeding on probing.

Conclusions

In the group of diabetic patients studied, the most prevalent bacteria were Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia. Type 2 diabetic patients with moderate and poor glycemic control had a higher presence of these microorganisms, compared to groups with higher levels of glycemic control.

Key words:
Diabetes mellitus
periodontal pathogens
and glycemic control
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad de Periodoncia de Chile, Sociedad de Implantología Oral de Chile y Sociedad de Prótesis y Rehabilitación Oral de Chile
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