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Inicio Revista Clínica de Periodoncia, Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral Proliferación de células madres mesenquimales obtenidas de tejido gingival hum...
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Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 59-63 (August 2011)
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Vol. 4. Issue 2.
Pages 59-63 (August 2011)
Open Access
Proliferación de células madres mesenquimales obtenidas de tejido gingival humano sobre una matriz de quitosano: estudio in vitro
Proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells from human gingival tissue on chitosan scaffold: an in vitro study
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B.M. Hernández1, V.C. Inostroza2, A.F. Carrión3, P.A. Chaparro4, H.A. Quintero2, R.A. Sanz2,
Corresponding author
asanz@clinicasanz.cl

Correspondencia autor: Universidad de los Andes. Av. San Carlos de Apoquindo 2.200. Chile.
1 Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
2 Magíster en Microbiología. Centro de Investigación de Biología y Regeneración Oral (CIBRO). Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
3 Doctor en Inmunología. Investigador y Docente, Laboratorio Inmunología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
4 Especialista en Periodoncia. Área de Periodoncia. Docente, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes. Chile
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Resumen
Objetivo

Comprobar la proliferación de células madres mesenquimales (MSCs) provenientes de tejido conjuntivo gingival humano sobre una matriz de quitosano.

Método

Estudio experimental in vitro en el cual se aislaron MSCs a partir de cultivos por explante de tejido conjuntivo gingival. La presencia de MSCs, se caracterizó mediante citometría de flujo, utilizando para ello anticuerpos CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105, diferenciación hacia tres linajes celulares: adipocitos, osteoblastos y condroblastos. La diferenciación fue corroborada mediante microscopía óptica con tinciones Oil Red, Alizarin Red y Safranina O respectivamente. La matriz de quitosano fue analizada mediante microscopía óptica. Las MSCs en pasaje 5, fueron sembradas en presencia de la matriz de quitosano. La proliferación de las células madres fue analizada mediante microscopía óptica y tinción con cristal violeta.

Resultados

A partir del explante de tejido gingival humano se obtuvieron MSCs, que cumplieron con los criterios de caracterización morfológica y fenotípica correspondiente a una MSC. Las MSC adoptaron una morfología fibroblastoide, adherencia al plástico, confluencia de un 80% y sobre un 90% expresaron los marcadores CD73, CD90 y CD105 y bajo un 10% fueron negativas para CD34, y CD45 por técnica de citometria de flujo. Las MSC cultivadas en presencia de quitosano proliferan, sin embargo observamos que a mayor concentración de quitosano en el cultivo disminuye la proliferación y densidad celular. La matriz de quitosano en presencia del medio de cultivo pierde sus propiedades físicas, disolviéndose y formando un gel no transportable.

Conclusiones

A pesar de existir proliferación celular de MSCs de origen gingival humano en presencia de la matriz de quitosano, su utilidad como andamiaje y medio de transporte de MSC es deficiente debido a que se alteran sus propiedades físicas, disolviéndose y formando un gel no transportable en contacto con el medio de cultivo.

Palabras clave:
Células madres mesenquimales
regeneración periodontal
tejido gingival
quitosano
Abstract
Aim

The purpose of this study was to assess the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human gingival tissue on chitosan matrix.

Methods

Experimental study in vitro. Gingival connective tissue samples were obtained from healthy volunteers from the maxillary tuberosity. The explants were minced and cultured on tissue culture dishes. MSC were characterized by flow cytometry using markers for CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105 and for differentiation into, adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. The tissue differentiated was analyzed with light microscopy and evaluated by culture staining using Oil Red, Alizarin Red y Safranina O respectively. MSC from passage 5 were cultured with chitosan scaffold. Proliferation of MSC was analyzed with light microscopy and crystal violet staining.

Results

MSCs were obtained from gingival explants, and developed the standard of the morphologic and phenotypic characterization as a stem cell. The MSC adopted a fibroblastoid morphology, adherence to plastic, confluence of 80% and over 90% were consistently positive for CD90, CD105, CD73 markers and under 10% were negative for hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45 by flow cytometry analysis. The MSC cultured in presence of chitosan matrix proliferated, however complete medium, it was dissolved forming a gel structure. We also observed that at higher concentrations of chitosan, MSC has less density and growth. Chitosan matrix in presence of cell culture medium loses physical properties, dissolving and forming a non-transportable gel.

Conclusions

Despite the existence of proliferation of MSCs from human gingival tissue with chitosan matrix, its ability to act as a cell carrier and scaffold is deficient, since its physical properties are altered, dissolving and forming a non-transportable gel in contact with cell culture medium.

Key words:
Mesenchymal stem cells
periodontal regeneration
gingival tissue and chitosan
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad de Periodoncia de Chile, Sociedad de Implantología Oral de Chile y Sociedad de Prótesis y Rehabilitación Oral de Chile
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