covid
Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología Código rojo, un ejemplo de sistema de respuesta rápida
Journal Information
Vol. 38. Issue 1.
Pages 86-99 (February - April 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 38. Issue 1.
Pages 86-99 (February - April 2010)
Artículos De Revisión
Open Access
Código rojo, un ejemplo de sistema de respuesta rápida
The Red Code, an example of a rapid response system
Visits
46292
J. Ricardo Navarro
, Viviana P. Castillo*
* Profesor asociado de Anestesiología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
** Estudiante de postgrado de Anestesiología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
RESUMEN
Introducción

Los sistemas de respuesta rápida, o códigos de emergencia, son equipos multidisciplinarios que buscan prevenir el paro cardiopulmonar y la muerte.

Objetivo

Destacar la importancia que tiene la implementación de los sistemas de respuesta rápida, como el código rojo, en el manejo de las complicaciones de la paciente obstétrica.

Metodología

Artículo de revisión basado en literatura obtenida de bases de datos de PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid.

Resultados

El origen de estos códigos se remonta a los primeros grupos de reanimación cardiopulmonar, cuando en la década del 30 del siglo pasado, se comenzaron a implementar medidas que permitieran un manejo inmediato del paro cardiaco por personal capacitado en reanimación. Más tarde, en la década del 80, la disponibilidad del desfibrilador automático externo en las unidades de atención prehospitalaria, permitió avanzar en la administración de la terapia eléctrica antes de llegar al hospital, hasta lograr, en la actualidad, una amplia difusión y capacitación en reanimación con recomendaciones de obligatoriedad para los servicios que atienden urgencias prehospitalarias y hospitalarias. A partir de estas experiencias, se han venido implementando grupos de reanimación especializados en el manejo de la paciente con hemorragia obstétrica y se ha observado una disminución en la mortalidad de estas pacientes.

Conclusiones

Con la evidencia de que varias muertes ocurrían por efectos adversos y complicaciones médicas, se renueva el concepto de implementación de estos sistemas de respuesta rápida como estrategia eficaz para disminuir la morbimortalidad. Bajo esta premisa, nació en Colombia el código rojo, el cual pretende reducir la muerte materna por hemorragia obstétrica.

Palabras clave:
Medicina de emergencia
Equipo Hospitalario de Respuesta Rápida
Resucitación Cardiopulmonar (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME)
Key Words:
Emergency Medicine
Rapid Response Teams
Resuscitation
Code Blue (Source: MeSH, NLM)
ABSTRACT
Introduction

Rapid response systems or emergency codes, are multidisciplinary teams aiming at preventing cardiopulmonary arrests and death

Objective

To highlight the importance of implementing rapid response systems such as the red code, for the management of complications in obstetric patients

Methodology

Article Review based on the literature from PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid Databases.

Results

The origin of these codes dates back to the first cardiopulmonary resuscitation teams, when during the 1930's, some measures began to be implemented for an immediate management of cardiac arrest by trained resuscitation staff. Later on, during the 80's, the availability of the external automated defibrillator at pre-hospital care units led to the advancement in the administration of electrical therapy prior to the patient's arrival at the hospital. Currently these practices and training in resuscitation are broadly disseminated including recommendations of obligatory compliance at pre-hospital and hospital emergency rooms. Based on these experiences, resuscitation groups specialized in managing patients with obstetric hemorrhage have been established and a decrease in mortality of these patients has been recorded.

Conclusions

With evidence showing that several deaths were the result of adverse events and medical complications, the idea of implementing rapid response systems as an efficient strategy to reduce morbimortality now resurfaces. This was the foundation for the emergence of the red code in Colombia, in an attempt to reduce maternal mortality from obstetric hemorrhage.

Full text is only aviable in PDF
REFERENCES
[1.]
T. Sakai, M. Devita.
Rapid response system.
J Anesth, 23 (2009), pp. 403-408
[2.]
R.E. Caballero, J. Gutiérrez, P. Arribas, F. Del Nogal.
Controversias en desfibrilación semiautomática externa.
La desfibrilación temprana, pp. 61
[3.]
M.L. Weisfeldt, R.E. Kerber, R.P. McGoldrick, A.J. Moss, G. Nichol, J.P. Ornato.
For the automatic external defibrillation task force. Public access defibrillation. A statement for health care professionals from the Americam Heart Association Task force an automatic external defibrillation.
Circulation, 92 (1995), pp. 2763-2764
[4.]
K. Hillman.
Rapid response systems.
Indian J Crit Care Med, 12 (2008), pp. 77-81
[5.]
A.F. Smith, J. Wood.
Can some in-hospital cardio-respiratory arrests be prevented? A prospective survey.
Resuscitation, 37 (1998), pp. 133-137
[6.]
M.I. Foraida, M.A. DeVita, R.S. Braithwaite.
Improving the utilization of medical crisis teams (Condition C) at an urban tertiary care hospital.
J Crit Care, 18 (2003), pp. 87-94
[7.]
E. Osorio.
Código azul, cartilla de reanimación cardio- cerebro-pulmonar.
pp. 73-77
[8.]
A. Truesdell.
Meeting hospital needs for standardized emergency codes -the HASC response.
Health Prot Manage, 21 (2005), pp. 77-89
[9.]
J. Barbetti, G. Lee.
Medical emergency team: a review of the literature.
Nurs Crit Care, 13 (2008), pp. 80-85
[10.]
S. Durkin.
Implementing a rapid response team.
Am Journal Nursing, 106 (2006), pp. 50-53
[11.]
T. Seifert.
A continuous curriculum for building code blue competency.
J for Nurse in Staff Development, 17 (2001), pp. 195-198
[12.]
Y. Bertaut, A. Campbell.
Implementing a rapid-response team using a nurse-to-nurse consult approach.
J Vasc Nurs, 26 (2008), pp. 37-42
[13.]
K. Moore.
Rapid response teams: a proactive critical care approach.
J Contin Educ Nurs, 39 (2008), pp. 488-489
[14.]
C. Grimes, B. Thornell.
Developing rapid response teams: best practices through collaboration.
Clin Nurse Spec, 21 (2007), pp. 85-94
[15.]
L. Halvorsen, S. Garolis, A. Wallace-Scroggs.
Building a rapid response team.
AACN Adv Crit Care, 18 (2007), pp. 129-140
[16.]
M. Cretikos, K. Hillman.
The medical emergency team: does it really make a difference?.
Intern Med J, 33 (2003), pp. 511-514
[17.]
E. Jamieson, C. Ferrell.
Medical emergency team implementation: experiences of a mentor hospital.
Medsurg Nurs, 17 (2008), pp. 312-323
[18.]
K. Hillman.
Critical care without walls.
Curr Opin Crit Care, 8 (2002), pp. 594-599
[19.]
D. Jones, R. Bellomo.
Introduction of a rapid response system: why we are glad we MET.
Crit Care, 10 (2006), pp. 121
[20.]
J. Chen, A. Flabouris.
Baseline hospital performance and the impact of medical emergency teams: modelling Vs. conventional subgroup analysis.
[21.]
M.A. Devita, R. Bellomo.
Findings of the first consensus conference on medical emergency teams.
Crit Care Med, 34 (2006), pp. 2463-2478
[22.]
J. Cooper.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: history, current practice, and future direction.
Circulation, 114 (2006), pp. 2839-2849
[23.]
W. Tweed.
Heart-alert: emergency resuscitation training in the community.
CMA Journal, 17 (1977), pp. 1399-1403
[24.]
G. Ristagno, W. Tang.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: from the beginning to the present day.
Crit Care Clin, 25 (2009), pp. 133-151
[25.]
P. Eisenburger, P. Safar.
Life supporting first aid training of the publicreview and recommendations.
Resuscitation, 41 (1999), pp. 3-18
[26.]
C. Vaillancourt, M.L. Charette.
An evaluation of 9-1-1 calls to assess the effectiveness of dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instructions: design and methodology.
BMC Emerg Med, 8 (2008), pp. 12
[27.]
C. Franklin, J. Mathew.
Developing strategies to prevent inhospital cardiac arrest: analyzing responses of physicians and nurses in the hours before the event.
Crit Care Med, 22 (1994), pp. 244-247
[28.]
J. Chen, R. Bellomo.
The relationship between early emergency team calls and serious adverse events.
Crit Care Med, 37 (2009), pp. 148-153
[29.]
D. Gunnels, M. Gunnels.
The critical response nurse role: an innovative solution for providing skilled trauma nurses.
Int J Trauma Nurs, 7 (2001), pp. 3-7
[30.]
K.J. Morse, D. Warshawsky.
Rapid response teams: reducers of death. Find out how response teams save lives by rendering care to a patient before a cardiac or respiratory arrest occurs.
[31.]
D. Jones, C. George.
Introduction of medical emergency teams in Australia and New Zealand: a multi- centre study.
Crit Care, 12 (2008), pp. R46
[32.]
M. Peberdy.
Recommended guidelines for monitoring, reporting, and conducting research on medical emergency team, outreach, and rapid response systems: an Utstein-style scientific statement.
Circulation, 116 (2007), pp. 2481-2500
[33.]
A. Aneman, M. Parr.
Medical emergency teams: a role for expanding intensive care?.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 50 (2006), pp. 1255-1265
[34.]
K. Hillman, J. Chen.
Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
Lancet, 365 (2005), pp. 2091-2097
[35.]
D. Jones, R. Bellomo.
Long term effect of a medical emergency team on cardiac arrests in a teaching hospital.
Crit Care, 9 (2005), pp. R808-R815
[36.]
C.J. Gerardo, S.W. Glickman.
The rapid impact on mortality rates of a dedicated care team including trauma and emergency physicians at an academic medical center..
J Emerg Med, (2009),
[37.]
J.G. Cronin, J. Wright.
Rapid assessment and initial patient treatment team –a way forward for emergency care.
Accid Emerg Nurs, 13 (2005), pp. 87-92
[38.]
D. Jones, R. Bellomo.
Effectiveness of the Medical Emergency Team: the importance of dose.
Crit Care, 13 (2009), pp. 313
[39.]
J. McGaughey, F. Alderdice.
Outreach and Early Warning Systems (EWS) for the prevention of intensive care admission and death of critically ill adult patients on general hospital wards..
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 116 (2007),
[40.]
P.J. Sharek, L.M. Parast.
Effect of a rapid response team on hospital-wide mortality and code rates outside the ICU in a Children's Hospital.
JAMA, 298 (2007), pp. 2267-2274
[41.]
R. Bellomo, D. Goldsmith.
Prospective controlled trial of effect of medical emergency team on postoperative morbidity and mortality rates.
Crit Care Med, 32 (2004), pp. 916-921
[42.]
J. Tibballs, S. Kinney.
Reduction of hospital mortality and of preventable cardiac arrest and death on introduction of a pediatric medical emergency team.
Pediatr Crit Care Med, 10 (2009), pp. 306-312
[43.]
G.G. Gosman, M.R. Baldisseri.
Introduction of an obstetric-specific medical emergency team for obstetric crises: implementation and experience.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 198 (2008), pp. 367
[44.]
D.W. Skupski, I.P. Lowenwirt.
Improving hospital systems for the care of women with major obstetric hemorrhage.
Obstet Gynecol, 107 (2006), pp. 977-983
[45.]
S.J. Fowler.
Provision for major obstetric haemorrhage: an Australian and New Zealand survey and review.
Anaesth Intensive Care, 33 (2005), pp. 784-793
[46.]
C. Homer, V. Clements.
Maternal mortality: what can we learn from stories of postpartum haemorrhage?.
Women Birth, 22 (2009), pp. 97-104
[47.]
G. Velez, B. Agudelo.
Código Rojo: guía para el manejo de la hemorragia obstétrica.
Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol, 60 (2009), pp. 34-48
[48.]
Guía Manejo de la Hemorragia obstétrica.
Código rojo. Medellín CLAP/SMR, OPS/OMS, Gobernación de Antioquia, (2007),
[49.]
C.M. Pettker, S.F. Thung.
Impact of a comprehensive patient safety strategy on obstetric adverse events.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 200 (2009), pp. 492
[50.]
García A, Navarro J. Encuesta sobre código rojo en 5 instituciones de salud de Bogotá. Rev Colomb Anestesiol. Pendiente publicar en este número de la Revista.
[51.]
J. Phillippi.
The American Association of Birth Centers: history, membership, and current initiatives.
The American College of Nurse-Midwives, 54 (2009), pp. 387-390
[52.]
J. Boyd.
Florence Nightingale's remarkable life and work.
The Lancet, 372 (2008), pp. 1375-1376
[53.]
K. Carlson.
Knowledge assessment and preparation for the certified emergency nurses examination.
J Emerg Nurs, 36 (2010), pp. 38-39
Copyright © 2010. Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Download PDF
Article options