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Vol. 38. Issue 2.
Pages 241-258 (May - July 2010)
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Vol. 38. Issue 2.
Pages 241-258 (May - July 2010)
REPORTE DE CASOS
Open Access
Hernia diafragmática congénita
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
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24330
Fanuel Ballén
, Maribel Arrieta**
* Estudiante de postgrado de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
** Profesora asociada de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
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RESUMEN
Introducción

La hernia diafragmática congénita es un defecto estructural anatómico que permite el paso de estructuras abdominales hacia el tórax, con una consecuente morbilidad producida por serias complicaciones cardiopulmonares y una alta mortalidad perioperatoria. En las últimas décadas se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias de manejo que han reducido esta alta mortalidad.

Objetivos

Revisar y analizar un caso clínico de hernia diafragmática congénita y su evolución perioperatoria, exponer el manejo anestésico y respiratorio, y revisar la literatura reciente sobre el tema.

Metodología

Presentación de caso clínico.

Conclusiones

El manejo del paciente con hernia diafragmática congénita es multidisciplinario; se debe intentar establecer un diagnóstico temprano, desde el periodo prenatal, con el fin de optimizar el manejo y ofrecer las mejores herramientas terapéuticas actuales. A pesar de ello, la mortalidad continúa siendo alta.

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 35 horas de nacida, con hernia diafragmática congénita, la cual es manejada desde el nacimiento en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales, con intubación orotraqueal, asistencia respiratoria mecánica y soporte inotrópico y vasopresor. Posteriormente, fue llevada a salas de cirugía para la corrección del defecto diafragmático. Se expone el manejo anestésico y respiratorio, y se hace una breve revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.

Palabras clave:
Hernia diafragmática
anomalías congénitas
cirugía
anestesia (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME)
ABSTRACT
Introduction

The Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is an anatomical structural defect, which allows passage of the abdominal viscera into the chest cavity resulting in morbidity from serious cardiopulmonary complications and high perioperative mortality. In the last few decades new management strategies have been developed that have helped to reduce this high mortality.

Objectives

To review and analyze a clinical CDH case and its perioperative evolution, including a discussion about anesthetic and respiratory management, in addition to reviewing the latest literature on the topic.

Methodology

Presentation of a clinical case

Conclusions

The management of a CDH patient is multidisciplinary. An early diagnosis should be made from the pre-natal period in order to optimize management and make available the best therapeutic tools. However, despite our efforts, mortality is still high.

This is a patient −35 hours after birth– presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia and at birth was managed at the neonatal intensive care unit with orotracheal intubation, assisted mechanical ventilation, and inotropic and vasopressor support. Then the patient was taken to the OR to undergo corrective surgery for the diaphragmatic defect. The anesthetic and respiratory management is discussed together with a brief literature review.

Keywords:
Diaphragmatic hernia
congenital anomalies
surgery
anesthesia (Source: MeSH, NLM)
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Copyright © 2010. Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
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