covid
Buscar en
Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Toda la web
Inicio Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología Paciente embarazada con enfermedad cardiaca*: Manejo periparto basado en la estr...
Journal Information
Vol. 38. Issue 3.
Pages 348-360 (August - October 2010)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 38. Issue 3.
Pages 348-360 (August - October 2010)
INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y TECNOLÓGICA
Open Access
Paciente embarazada con enfermedad cardiaca*: Manejo periparto basado en la estratificación del riesgo. Serie de casos 2005–2009
Pregnant patient with cardiac diseases*
Visits
2235
Germán A. Monsalve**, Catalina M. Martínez***, Tatiana Gallo***, María Virginia González***, Gonzalo Arango***, Alejandro Upegui***, Juan Manuel Castillo***, Juan Guillermo González***, Jorge Rubio****, Leonardo Mojica*****
** Médico Anestesiólogo, Coordinador Unidad de Alta Dependencia Obstétrica Clínica del Prado. Medellín, Colombia.
*** Anestesiólogos Unidad de Alta Dependencia Obstétrica Clínica del Prado. Medellín, Colombia.
**** Anestesiólogo cardiovascular Unidad de Alta dependencia Obstétrica Clínica del Prado. Medellín, Colombia.
***** Anestesiólogo intensivista Unidad de Alta dependencia Obstétrica Clínica del Prado. Medellín, Colombia.
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
RESUMEN
Objetivo

Reportamos nuestra experiencia en el manejo de una serie de pacientes obstétricas con enfermedad cardiaca de diferentes etiologías, utilizando una estrategia de estratificación del riesgo, para elaborar un plan de manejo periparto en el que está incluido el manejo anestésico.

Métodos

Serie de casos. Revisión retrospectiva de 37 pacientes embarazadas con diagnóstico de enfermedad cardiaca de diferentes etiologías, ingresadas a la Unidad de Alta Dependencia Obstétrica de la Clínica del Prado, de Medellín, Colombia entre 2005 y 2009.

Resultados

Del total de 37 pacientes, 15 presentaron enfermedad cardiaca congénita; 13, enfermedad cardiaca valvular; 5, cardiomiopatía periparto, y las 4 restantes, trastornos del ritmo y enfermedad isquémica. Se estratificó el riesgo según la clasificación de lesiones anatómicas y el riesgo de eventos cardiacos basados en el CARPREG. Se identificaron ocho pacientes en el grupo de alto riesgo y el resto, en riesgo intermedio y bajo. La mayor parte de las pacientes fueron manejadas con técnicas anestésicas conductivas (89,2 %). La decisión de cesárea (35 %) se dio por indicación obstétrica. Se presentaron complicaciones maternas de origen cardiovascular en el 10,8 % de los casos. No se presentaron muertes maternas.

Conclusión

La implementación de un protocolo de estratificación del riesgo de muerte y de la aparición de complicaciones cardiovasculares en la paciente embarazada con cardiopatía le permite al anestesiólogo hacer parte integral del grupo interdisciplinario de manejo y, así, tener impacto en la obtención de un mejor resultado materno y perinatal en este grupo de pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Cardiopatía
complicaciones del embarazo
riesgo
anestesia (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME)
SUMMARY
Objetive

We report a series of obstetric patients with a wide range of cardiac diseases, using a risk based strategy to develop peripartum plans in which the anesthetic management is included.

Methodos

Case reports. Retrospective analysis of 37 pregnant patients with a wide range of cardiac diseases admitted to the High Dependency Unit of Clínica del Prado, in Medellín, Colombia from 2005 to 2009.

Results

From a total of 37 patients, 15 had congenital heart disease, 13 valvular disease, 5 postpartum cardiomyopathy, and the other 4 included rhythm abnormalities and ischemic heart disease. CARPREG study criteria were used for risk stratification. Eight patients were identified in the high risk group, and the rest as intermedíate and low risk. Most of the patients had regional anesthesia management (89.2 %). The decision for caesarean section was decided for obstetric indication was performed in 35 % of the cases. There were cardiac complications in 10.8 % of the cases and there were no maternal deaths.

Conclusions

The application of a morbidity and mortality cardiac risk stratification protocol in pregnant women allows the anesthesiologist to participate in a multispecialty treatment team, and so they are able to achieve the best possible maternal outcome in this group of patients.

Keywords:
Heart diseases
pregnancy complications
risk
anesthesia (Source: MeSH, NLM)
Full text is only aviable in PDF
REFERENCES
[1.]
G. Lewis.
The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH).
Saving Mothers. Lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer-2003–2005, pp. 12
[2.]
W.N. Van Mook, L. Peeters.
Severe cardiac disease in pregnancy, part II: impact of congenital and acquired cardiac diseases during pregnancy.
Curr Opin Crit Care, 11 (2005), pp. 435-448
[3.]
J.K. Perloff.
Congenital heart disease and pregnancy.
Clin Cardiol, 17 (1994), pp. 579-587
[4.]
R.C. Fretts, J. Schmittdiel, F.H. McLean, R.H. Usher, M.B. Goldman.
Increased maternal age and the risk of fetal death.
N Engl J Med, 333 (1995), pp. 953-957
[5.]
F.G. Cunningham, K.J. Leveno.
Childbearing among older women–the message is cautiously optimistic.
N Engl J Med, 333 (1995), pp. 1002-1004
[6.]
G.A. Dildy.
Critical care obstetrics.
4th Ed., Blackwell, (2004),
[7.]
S.C. Siu, M. Sermer, J.M. Colman, A.N. Alvarez, L.A. Mercier, B.C. Morton.
Prospective multicenter study of pregnancy outcomes in women with heart disease.
Circulation, 104 (2001), pp. 515-521
[8.]
P. Khairy, D.W. Ouyang, S.M. Fernandes, A. Lee-Parritz, K.E. Economy, M.J. Landzberg.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenital heart disease.
Circulation, 113 (2006), pp. 517-524
[9.]
R.O. Bonow, B.A. Carabello, K. Chatterjee, A.C. de Leon Jr., D.P. Faxon, M.D. Freed.
2008 Focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease): endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
Circulation, 118 (2008), pp. e523-e661
[10.]
A. Vahanian, H. Baumgartner, J. Bax, E. Butchart, R. Dion, G. Filippatos.
Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology.
Eur Heart J, 28 (2007), pp. 230-268
[11.]
U. Elkayam, E. Ostrzega, A. Shotan, A. Mehra.
Cardiovascular problems in pregnant women with the Marfan syndrome.
Ann Intern Med, 123 (1995), pp. 117-122
[12.]
W. Drenthen, P.G. Pieper, J.W. Roos-Hesselink, W.A. van Lottum, A.A. Voors, B.J. Mulder.
Outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease: a literature review.
J Am Coll Cardiol, 49 (2007), pp. 2303-2311
[13.]
G.D. Pearson, J.C. Veille, S. Rahimtoola, J. Hsia, C.M. Oakley, J.D. Hosenpud.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Office of Rare Diseases (National Institutes of Health) workshop recommendations and review.
JAMA, 283 (2000), pp. 1183-1188
[14.]
J.U. Hibbard, M. Lindheimer, R.M. Lang.
A modified definition for peripartum cardiomyopathy and prognosis based on echocardiography.
Obstet Gynecol, 94 (1999), pp. 311-316
[15.]
M. Habli, T. O’Brien, E. Nowack, S. Khoury, J.R. Barton, B. Sibai.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy: prognostic factors for long-term maternal outcome.
Am J Obstet Gynecol, 199 (2008), pp. 415
[16.]
D.R. Karnad, V. Lapsia, A. Krishnan, V.S. Salvi.
Prognostic factors in obstetric patients admitted to an Indian intensive care unit.
Crit Care Med, 32 (2004), pp. 1294-1299
[17.]
D.G. Kiely, R. Condliffe, V. Webster, G.H. Mills, I. Wrench, S.V. Gandhi.
Improved survival in pregnancy and pulmonary hypertension using a multiprofessional approach.
[18.]
E. Langesaeter, M. Dragsund, L.A. Rosseland.
Regional anaesthesia for a Caesarean section in women with cardiac disease: a prospective study.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 54 (2010), pp. 46-54
[19.]
A.M. Ioscovich, E. Goldszmidt, A.V. Fadeev, S. Grisaru-Granovsky, S.H. Halpern.
Peripartum anesthetic management of patients with aortic valve stenosis: a retrospective study and literature review.
Int J Obstet Anesth, 18 (2009), pp. 379-386
[20.]
M. Bonnin, F.J. Mercier, O. Sitbon, S. Roger-Christoph, X. Jais, M. Humbert.
Severe pulmonary hypertension during pregnancy: mode of delivery and anesthetic management of 15 consecutive cases.
Anesthesiology, 102 (2005), pp. 1133-1137
[21.]
A.J. Mittnacht, M. Fanshawe, S. Konstadt.
Anesthetic considerations in the patient with valvular heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 12 (2008), pp. 33-59
[22.]
N. Amgad, A.F. Makaryus, M. Johnson.
Pregnancy in the patient with Eisenmenger´s Syndrome.
Mt Sinai J Med, 73 (2006), pp. 1033-1036
[23.]
ACOG Committee Opinion No. 421, November 2008: antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis.
Obstet Gynecol, 112 (2008 Nov), pp. 1193-1194
[24.]
C.A. Warnes, R.G. Williams, T.M. Bashore, J.S. Child, H.M. Connolly, J.A. Dearani.
ACC/AHA 2008 Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines on the management of adults with congenital heart disease).
Circulation, 118 (2008), pp. e714-e833
[25.]
W. Wilson, K.A. Taubert, M. Gewitz, P.B. Lockhart, L.M. Baddour, M. Levison.
Prevention of infective endocarditis: guidelines from the American Heart Association: a guideline from the American Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease Committee, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group.
Circulation, 116 (2007), pp. 1736-1754
[26.]
A. Pijuan Domenech, MA. Gatzoulis.
Pregnancy and heart disease.
Rev Esp Cardiol, 59 (2006), pp. 971-984
Copyright © 2010. Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
Download PDF
Article options