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La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más frecuente en la práctica clínica y conlleva implicaciones significativas en la morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular de la población, así como en los costos para los sistemas de salud. No obstante, el conocimiento de la fisiopatología de la arritmia y el surgimiento de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas han cambiado la perspectiva en el manejo de esta enfermedad. Se realiza una revisión del desarrollo reciente en conceptos etiológicos y fisiológicos de la arritmia, así como en los esquemas de clasificación y evaluación del riesgo trombohemorrágico, además de los nuevos avances en terapias farmacológicas e intervencionistas.
Keywords:
atrial fibrillation
anticoagulation
pathophysiology
Palabras clave:
fibrilación auricular
anticoagulación
fisiopatología
Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and carries significant implications in the population's cardiovascular morbidity and mortality as well as in costs for the health systems. However, the knowledge of the pathophysiology of the arrhythmia and the emergence of new alternative therapies have changed the perspective in the management of this disease. We realize a review of recent developments in etiological and physiological concepts of the arrhythmia, as well as a review of the classification schemes and thrombohemorrhagic risk assessment in addition to the new advances in pharmacological and interventional therapies.
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