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Vol. 18. Issue 5.
Pages 282-287 (August - October 2011)
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Vol. 18. Issue 5.
Pages 282-287 (August - October 2011)
Open Access
Pericarditis tuberculosa: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Tuberculous pericarditis: a case report and review of the literature
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María C. Florián1, Sergio Franco1, David Santacruz1,
Corresponding author
david_santacruz_p@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: Dirección: Manzana 3 No. 21. Urbanización La Quinta -La Linda, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia. Teléfono: (57-6) 870 80 78. Celular: 312-2864532.
, Kevin F. Montoya1
1 Hospital Departamental Santa Sofía, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales
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La pericarditis constrictiva crónica es un síndrome clínico causado por la compresión cardíaca ejercida por un pericardio engrosado o rígido. La tuberculosis es una causa rara de pericarditis constrictiva en los países desarrollados. Sin embargo, ésta es una importante condición a considerar en países en desarrollo y en pacientes con infección por VIH. La pericarditis tuberculosa es una forma de tuberculosis extra-pulmonar que puede conducir a la muerte. La dificultad en su diagnóstico y las serias consecuencias de la infección no tratada hacen de esta condición un importante problema de salud tanto en países industrializados como en aquellos en vía de desarrollo.

Ayudas diagnósticas como la ecocardiografía son esenciales en el diagnóstico, y ante la sospecha de afección tuberculosa del pericardio se indica la realización de estudios del líquido o del tejido pericárdico. El tratamiento antituberculoso se realiza durante seis meses y se considera la pericardiectomía en pacientes con pericarditis constrictiva calcificada o en quienes la constricción empeora después de seis a ocho semanas de tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
pericarditis constrictiva
pericarditis tuberculosa
tuberculosis extra-pulmonar
pericardiectomía

Constrictive pericarditis is a clinical syndrome caused by the cardiac compression of a thickened or rigid pericardium. Tuberculosis is a rare cause of constrictive pericarditis in developed countries. However, this is an important condition to consider in developing countries and in patients with HVI infection. Tuberculous pericarditis is a form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis that may lead to death. The difficulty in its diagnosis and the serious consequences of this non-treated infection make this condition an important health problem both in industrialized and developing countries.

Diagnostic aids such as echography are essential in the diagnosis, and in front of the suspicion of tuberculous infection of the pericardium, the performance of pericardial fluid or pericardial tissue studies is indicated. Anti TB treatment is carried out for six months and pericardiectomy is considered in patients with calcified constrictive pericarditis or in those in whom the constriction worsens after six to eight weeks of treatment.

Key words:
constrictive pericarditis
tuberculous pericarditis
extra-pulmonary tuberculosis
pericardiectomy
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular
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