Article information
Resumen
La validación de un instrumento de medición en salud mental es un proceso complejo que habitualmente se inicia con la estimación de la confiabilidad, para posteriormente hacer la aproximación a la validez. El análisis de factores es una forma de conocer el número de dimensiones, dominios o factores de un instrumento de medición, y, por lo general, se relaciona con la validez del constructo de una escala. El análisis puede ser exploratorio o confirmatorio, y ayuda a seleccionar los ítems con mejor desempeño. Para un aceptable análisis de factores es necesario seguir algunos pasos y recomendaciones, hacer pruebas estadísticas y contar con una muestra adecuada de participantes.
Palabras clave:
Psicometría
escalas
análisis factorial
estudios de validación
revisión
Abstract
The validation of a measurement tool in mental health is a complex process that usually starts by estimating reliability, to later approach its validity. Factor analysis is a way to know the number of dimensions, domains or factors of a measuring tool, generally related to the construct validity of the scale. The analysis could be exploratory or confirmatory, and helps in the selection of the items with better performance. For an acceptable factor analysis, it is necessary to follow some steps and recommendations, conduct some statistical tests, and rely on a proper sample of participants.
Key words:
Psychometrics
scales
factor analysis
validation studies
review
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El Instituto de Investigación del Comportamiento Humano financió esta revisión.
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