Comparación de dos estrategias para la enseñanza de un módulo de entrevista clínica en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina*

Article information

Resumen

Introducción

Los cambios en la práctica médica limitan la disponibilidad de pacientes y han generado escenarios de enseñanza de la medicina cada vez más escasos. Por ello se ha hecho necesario desarrollar métodos multimedia en la educación médica.

Materiales y métodos

Se diseñó un ensayo controlado, abierto, no aleatorizado para comparar dos métodos de enseñanza: clase magistral y una herramienta multimedia, dentro del proceso de enseñanza de un módulo de entrevista clínica en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina de una universidad pública y una privada.

Resultados

268 estudiantes, 156 que recibieron clase magistral y 112 que recibieron el material multimedia, participaron en el estudio. El promedio de las calificaciones obtenidas en la evaluación por los estudiantes que usaron el material multimedia fue significativamente más alto que quienes tomaron la clase magistral. Además, aprobar u obtener una calificación igual o mayor a 3,5 fue aproximadamente dos veces mayor en los que usaron la herramienta multimedia que en los que asistieron a clase.

Conclusiones

La multimedia es una herramienta útil y eficiente para la enseñanza de la entrevista a estudiantes de medicina.

Palabras clave:

Educación médica

ensayo clínico controlado no aleatorio

multimedia

Abstract

Introduction

Changes in medical practice have limited the availability of patients and scenarios for medical education, resulting in the need to develop multimedia tools for this purpose.

Methods

This is a controlled, open, non-randomized study comparing two teaching methods: Lecture vs. a multimedia tool, in the process of teaching a clinical interview module to undergraduate medical students from a public and a private universities.

Results

268 students participated in the study, 156 received a standard lecture and 112 multimedia material. The average scores on the examinations of students using the multimedia material were significantly higher than those who took the standard lecture. Approximately twice as many of the students using the multimedia tool obtained a passing score of 3.5 or higher when compared to those who attended the lecture.

Conclusions

Multimedia is a useful and efficient tool for teaching the clinical interview to medical students.

Key words:

Medical education

non-randomized controlled trial

multimedia

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Este trabajo fue financiado en parte por el ‘Programa de estímulo a la investigación’, por medio de proyectos y enfoques estratégicos, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia.

Conflictos de interés: los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

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