Evaluación de la labilidad afectiva como síntoma del síndrome maniaco

Article information

Resumen

Introducción

La labilidad afectiva es un síntoma que no está incluido dentro de lo evaluado en sistemas diagnósticos como el DSM-IV o la CIE-10; sin embargo, algunos estudios la han descrito como una característica clínica del síndrome maniaco.

Objetivo

Evaluar si la labilidad afectiva puede considerarse un síntoma representativo dentro del contexto del síndrome maniaco.

Método

Se diseñó un sistema de evaluación y calificación de la labilidad afectiva que se incorporó dentro de la escala EMUN. Este instrumento evaluó a 202 personas con diagnóstico de episodio maniaco, hipomaniaco o mixto. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron métodos multivariados factoriales y análisis de Rasch de crédito parcial para datos politómicos.

Resultados

La labilidad afectiva parece ser un buen marcador del episodio maniaco, hipomaniaco o mixto. La manía debería reconceptualizarse como un síndrome de activación, en lugar de un síndrome afectivo. Los síntomas depresivos parecen ser componentes del síndrome. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que el desarrollo de criterios complementarios en la exploración clínica puede ser útil para mejorar el diagnóstico en los pacientes con enfermedad maniacodepresiva.

Palabras clave:

trastorno bipolar

depresión

diagnóstico

Abstract

Introduction

Mood lability is not considered a clinical symptom in diagnostic systems such as the DSM-IV or the ICD-10. However, some studies have described the presence of this symptom in patients with affective disorders.

Objective

To evaluate mood lability as a representative symptom of the manic syndrome.

Methods

An evaluation system for measuring mood lability has been developed and included in the EMUN scale. A total of 202 patients with manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode were assessed. The performance of the symptoms was evaluated using factorial multivariate methods and Rasch analysis.

Results

Mood lability appears to be a good marker for manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode. Mania should be re-conceptualized as an activation syndrome instead of an affective syndrome. Depressive symptoms are clinical components of the syndrome. The findings of this study suggest that complementary criteria may be useful in diagnosing manic-depressive disorders.

Key words:

Bipolar disorder

depression

diagnosis

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