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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría Hijos de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar tipo I de una población paisa...
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Vol. 40. Issue S.
Pages 90S-107S (January 2011)
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Vol. 40. Issue S.
Pages 90S-107S (January 2011)
Artículos originales
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Hijos de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar tipo I de una población paisa: perfil psicopatológico y neuropsicológico
Offspring of Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I from the ‘Paisa’ Population: Psychopathological and Neuropsychological Profile
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Juan David Palacio1,
Corresponding author
tdahcartagena@gmail.com

Correspondencia: Juan David Palacio, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 64 No. 51D 38, Medellín, Colombia
, Ana María Zapata-Barco2, Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo3, Santiago Estrada-Jaramillo4, Ana Lucía Tamayo5, Juan Pablo Lopera-Vásquez6, María Cecilia López7, Carlos López-Jaramillo8
1 Médico psiquiatra infantil. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
2 Médica psiquiatra. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
3 Estadístico, magíster en Epidemiología. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
4 Médico psiquiatra. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
5 Residente de Psiquiatría. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
6 Neuropsicólogo. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
7 Trabajadora social. Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI), Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
8 Médico psiquiatra. Coordinador del Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría (GIPSI) y jefe del Departamento de Psiquiatría de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia
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Resumen
Objetivo

Caracterizar los principales hallazgos psicopatológicos y los perfiles neuropsicológicos de un grupo de hijos de pacientes adultos con TAB de ascendencia antioqueña.

Métodos

20 sujetos hijos de pacientes con TAB tipo I se evaluaron por medio de la entrevista diagnóstica K-SADS-LP para establecer sus diagnósticos según criterios del DSM-IV-TR. También se les aplicaron varias subpruebas de la Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil (ENI) y una versión abreviada de la Escala de Inteligencia para niños WISC III. Los padres bipolares y los copadres biológicos fueron evaluados con la Entrevista Diagnóstica para Estudios Genéticos (DIGS).

Resultados

Los trastornos psiquiátricos más frecuentes fueron los de ansiedad de separación (35%), fobia simple (20%), trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (50%) y trastorno oposicionista y desafiante (20%). Como un hallazgo psicopatológico frecuente, este grupo presentó, además, síntomas subsindromáticos de ansiedad y trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad. Ninguno de los hijos evaluados presentó TAB y solo dos casos presentaron trastorno depresivo mayor; sin embargo, se encontraron síntomas subsindromáticos para manía en una cuarta parte de la muestra. Los hallazgos neuropsicológicos principales en los HPB fueron dificultades de memoria de evocación, memoria diferida y almacenamiento de información.

Conclusiones

Este grupo de niños y adolescentes hijos de padres con TAB tipo I del aislado genético antioqueño, presenta diagnósticos según el DSM-IV-TR de trastorno de ansiedad y TDAH y, además, síntomas subsindrómicos de diversos trastornos psiquiátricos, incluido el TAB. Algunas medidas neuropsicológicas muestran un menor rendimiento en pruebas de memoria y atención.

Palabras clave:
Trastorno afectivo bipolar
psicopatología
neuropsicología
Abstract
Objective

To characterize the main psychopathological findings and neuropsychological profiles in a group of offspring of parents with Bipolar Disorder of Antioquia-Colombian ancestry.

Methods

20 children of parents with bipolar disorder type I were assessed using the K-SADS-PL in order to establish their diagnosis according with DSM-IV-TR criteria. Neuropsychological assessment was done by using subtests of the “Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil (ENI)” and the abbreviated version of WISC III. Bipolar parents and biological co-parents were evaluated with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS).

Results

The most common psychiatric disorders found were separation anxiety disorder (35%), simple phobia (20%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (50%), and oppositional defiant disorder (20%). This group of offspring also presented subsyndromal anxiety and ADHD symptoms as a common psychopathological finding. None of the children assessed had bipolar disorder and only two cases presented major depressive disorder. However, subsyndromal symptoms for mania were found in a quarter of the sample. The main neuropsychological findings in the offspring were difficulties in memory evocation, memory recall, and long term memory.

Conclusions

This group of children and adolescents of parents with BD type I from paisa population (Colombia) genetic isolate presents DSM-IV-TR diagnoses of anxiety and disruptive disorders and subsyndromal symptoms of several psychiatric disorders including BD. Some neuropsychological measures show low performance in memory and attention tests.

Key words:
Bipolar disorder
psychopathology
neuropsychology
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Conflictos de interés: Los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

Copyright © 2011. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
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