La medición de desigualdades e inequidades en salud | Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

Article information

Resumen

Desde hace tres décadas se han incrementado los estudios acerca de las desigualdades e inequidades en salud. Hoy los investigadores analizan el impacto que tienen en la salud los cambios sociales, según categorías como raza, riqueza, ubicación geográfica, tipo de trabajo y acceso a servicios, entre ellos, el de salud. Este artículo aborda una serie de variables simples y complejas —las mediciones absolutas y relativas de desigualdad, así como los índices biodimensionales y de desproporcionalidad— que permiten, de diferentes maneras, hacer objetiva una desigualdad o una inequidad en salud, para que el tomador de decisiones pueda actuar bien informado.

Palabras clave:

desigualdades

salud

evaluación

factores socioeconómicos

métodos

Abstract

During the last three decades, there have been an increasing number of studies written about inequalities and inequities in health. Today, investigators analyze the impact social changes have on health, based on categories such as race, wealth, geographical location, type of work and access to services, for example, to health. This article examines a series of simple and complex variables (absolute and relative measurements of inequality, as well as bio-dimensional and disparity indexes) that help, in different ways, demonstrate an inequality or inequity in health, so decision makers can operate well informed.

Key words:

health

inequialities

evaluation

socioeconomic factors

methods

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