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Vol. 41. Issue S.
Psiquiatría y educación
Pages 136S-149S (January 2012)
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Vol. 41. Issue S.
Psiquiatría y educación
Pages 136S-149S (January 2012)
Artículos
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Percepción de la psiquiatría en estudiantes de pregrado de una facultad de medicina*
Perception of Psychiatry among Undergraduate Students of a School of Medicine
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Yahira Rossini Guzmán Sabogal1,
Corresponding author
yahira.guzman@unisabana.edu.co

Correspondencia: Yahira Rossini Guzmán S., Área de Salud Mental, Universidad de La Sabana, Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
, Ricardo Sánchez Pedraza2, Jorge Rodríguez-Losada Allende3
1 Especialista en bioética. Jefe, Área de Salud Mental, y profesor asistente, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
2 Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia
3 Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Docente clínico asistencial, Clínica de la Universidad de La Sabana. Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
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Resumen
Introducción

Los objetivos de este artículo son conocer las percepciones y creencias acerca de la psiquiatría en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina y comparar concepciones y apreciaciones sobre aspectos positivos y negativos antes y después de la formación específica en psiquiatría.

Métodos

Estudio observacional, transversal; investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, aplicando una encuesta a 90 estudiantes de pregrado de medicina de la Universidad de La sabana, en dos grupos: uno antes y otro después de recibir el curso de psiquiatría.

Resultados

El 52,2% correspondió a semestres previos al curso de Psiquiatría; 25,5% mostró intención en especializarse en Psiquiatría antes del curso; este porcentaje bajó al 13,4% luego del curso. Se asocia la intención de no especializarse en psiquiatría con haber tenido el curso en esta área (prueba exacta de Fisher, p=0,042). Hay menos variabilidad del concepto de psiquiatría después del curso. La mayoría no se especializará en psiquiatría por interés en otras áreas. Antes del curso, los estudiantes resaltaron los aspectos biológicos de la enfermedad mental; después, prestan atención adicionalmente a otros factores. Antes y después del curso se considera que el manejo de estos pacientes es principalmente farmacológico. Se resalta el carácter incurable de las enfermedades mentales, el riesgo de enfermarse al atender los pacientes y la estigmatización.

Conclusiones

La psiquiatría es concebida como una especialidad con énfasis en el tratamiento farmacológico. Hay baja frecuencia de estudiantes interesados en especializarse en esta área. El curso de psiquiatría se asocia con reducción de esta frecuencia y limita la variabilidad del concepto.

Palabras clave:
Psiquiatría
educación de pregrado en medicina
instituciones de enseñanza superior
Abstract
Objective

Learn about perceptions and beliefs regarding psychiatry among undergraduate medicine students and compare their conceptions and appreciations concerning positive and negative aspects, before and after specific training in psychiatry.

Methods

Observational, cross-sectional study; qualitative and quantitative research with application of a survey for undergraduate medicine students of the Universidad de La Sabana, before and after a specific psychiatry course. 90 students answered the survey in two groups: one of them before the course, and the other one afterwards;

Results

52,2% corresponded to semesters prior to the course of psychiatry; 25.5% expressed the purpose to specialize in Psychiatry before the course, and such percentage decreased to 13.4% after the course. Association was found between the purpose of not specializing in Psychiatry with the fact of having taken said course (Fisher's exact test, p=0,042). Most students would not specialize in psychiatry because they are interested in other areas. Before the course, students made emphasis on the biological aspects of mental disease. After the course, they also directed their attention to other factors. The two groups believe that the management of these patients is mainly pharmacological. The incurable character of mental illness was also highlighted together with the risk of getting ill and the stigma it entails. Conclusions: Psychiatry is perceived as a medical specialization with emphasis on pharmacological treatment. There is a low frequency of students interested in this area. The course of psychiatry is associated with reduction of this frequency and limits the variability of the psychiatric concept.

Key words:
Psychiatry
education, medical, undergraduate
higher education institutions
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Conflictos de interés: Los autores manifiestan que no tienen conflictos de interés en este artículo.

El artículo contó con la aprobación y la financiación de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Sabana, y fue aprobado por su comité de bioética.

Copyright © 2012. Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría
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